guadalcanal. everybody hopes we can hold on replied knox evading any commitment that the island would in fact be held. the new york times that had done more than its bit to illuminate how desperate the situation was, read an editorial read like a eulogy to a lost cause. guadalcanal, the name will not die out in the memories of this generation. it will endure with honor. well, the american defenders in october held out only to face another supreme crisis in the middle of november. then assistant secretary of the navy, frank knox, would later comment that at that time, the tension in the white house reached a point that would only be surpassed in the entire war on the eve of the normandy landing in june 1944. these moments of desperate drama served to ground us in the basic reality of the state of the war 1942. one of the hardest tasks is to try to recapture the minds of others, minds that are usually suffused with images of the burnt rubble of tokyo in 1945 just out dark the world appeared to ameri

her air group will become a salvation for guadalcanal . her forward elevators and bad habit of sticking in the down position this ever decides when i can use the forward elevator for flight operations and during the course of the action, right after the big night battle, they begin flying off the air group little by little on the 13th a send off the buzzard brigade, torpedo squadron 10 and they help the cactus air force to sink a japanese battleship the first day and the torpedo bomber grew stay the night at guadalcanal. the next day , more of the enterprise are whose will join the cactus air force. general lewis woods is in charge, the marine commander that he has one marine avenger squadron and to marine dive bomber squadrons, but he is happy to bring in these enterprise guys have coming to help save the day. by the next day, by november 14, the majority of the enterprise air group have been flown into guadalcanal. >> this map here i will give you an idea of how busy it became for cactus air force in the enterprise guys. the scout planes

marines who fought at the battle of guadalcanal in world war ii. >>> welcome back to today's guadalcanal symposium. as always at museum events it is the conversation that happens in the hallway that is the most exciting and interesting. this was no exception. i have seen friends that have come from far and wide across the concentric the country. thanks for coming. we are now in the portion of our program. we had a wonderful introduction to the road to guadalcanal from rich frank. someday we will just do a rich frank symposium. eight straight hours. i know no one would object. i know that. but now we are in the portion of our program for the next three sessions, we will be looking at land, sea, and air fighting in and around and over guadalcanal. we will start with the land portion of the fighting. doctor andy wiest is university distinguished professor of history at university of southern mississippi. is the codirector of the dale center for the study of society, that rivals the length of my own title and i think andy needs his placard. is the author of numerous books , war in the pacifi

and also, to help place guadalcanal in context. which frank did a very good job at placing the beginnings of it in context. i want to place it in context in terms of what happens next. where does the navy go, based on lessons that it gathers from the fighting? and how does that relate to the rest of the pacific war? as the fighting continues. through 1943. and up through august 1945? that is what i will be trying to do here. i have titled this adaptation and evolution. one of the things that i think is very important is to recognize the fact that the navy does a good job at gathering lessons. there are a number of challenges that are faced at glottal canal. and, i am going to help you understand how those challenges lead to better outcomes in the future. one of the most important things that i want you to take away is the idea that guadalcanal is a crucial opportunity, which frank told us how it's a crucial opportunity in terms of the world stage. in august 1942. right? the axis powers have had a series, a string of victories. impo

directing the campaign that has killed nearly 7000 jobs on guadalcanal alone. the jobs call guadalcanal, death island. >> according to the infantry, the marines with amphibious tanks bring supplies up on any road, or no roads at all. >> offshore, and american freighter battles and oil fire, just that she was preparing to land her cargo. calmly, the marines fight the place. will supplies are saved, and the ships will sail again. >>> the earliest americans, american indians, show their true patriots when a troop plane posits here on its way to the far west. they bring baskets of home- cooked foodstuffs for the men in uniform. they are proud of their honor roll. 700 indian boys from -- county are serving with america's armed forces. in their workshops, navajo women, famous for their handicraft, make gifts and game for red cross packages. >> from this primitive home, a navajo chief has sent three sons to the army. american indians, loyal to their country. >> the air transport of tomorrow becomes the reality of today. the constellation, america's newest land-based c

. ♪ >> guadalcanal airport.he tiny patch of land for which japan has sacrificed a fleet of warships and thousands are -- of fighting men still wrestles with united states bombers. while the forces that control guadalcanal control access to australia. today, these land-based bombers are leading the way as the combined united states land, sea, and air defenses begin the task of sweeping the japs from the south pacific. ♪ >> no armchair commander, the admiral comes all the way from hawaii to decorate the major general, whose fighting marines captured the airfield and held it against all odds. highest honors are awarded to officers and men alike. majors, captains, privates -- they have proven themselves in the test by fire. one youngster has 10 jap bombers and 19 fighter jets to his credit. one of the outstanding records of the war. these are the men who bore the brunt of the battle. now with reinforcements newly arrived, they are ready to push on. marching single file, long columns of fighting men stream across the

washe meantime, guadalcanal our rest camp. we secured guam,e rest to move back for camp at guadalcanal. location of e the rest camp to guam so i returned guam for rest camp. more rom there several months i was called again to go new rest camp was guam briefed us and said you are going to okinawa. that was my fifth. we landed in okinawa. when that island was secured, we waoehile, e for a .icking up stagglers the two of us -- there were 10 that i served with, always two together. some stayed behind, some on a ship. we moved back to guam.and whate returned to these islands where the rest camps are, we trained -- after completion of securing, we trained some more among ourselves. teach some more because new words were coming in. we had to revise some of it. and even in combat conditions. at the rest camp, we worked together, teaching each other new words. so we knew what to say. that's the way combat is. but as i wonder, thinking over the days as a code talker in i ialker, as a marine, believe in myself that i was committed. at fi

meantime, guadalcanal was a rest camp. secured guam and then a rest camp in guadalcanal. we took the rest camp took guam there to buy that was secured. from there, i was called again to go again. they camp in choir and briefed us in and said we were open to open our -- in open kinawa. with other units in the army. were 10 of us in one headquarters that i served with, and always to together. some stayed behind. we went back to guam, and what we would do when we returned to these islands where the rest , we trained among some moreto teach because new words were coming in. we had to revise and even in combat conditions. we learned thep, new words so we knew what to say. wonder, thinking over there days as a codee talker in marine, i believe in myself that i was committed. at first i was reluctant because that i lefttion back home. of 1860, negotiation and for u.s. government big -- and forbidden to bear arms as the whole people. i kind of adjusted to it. i was there for a job and it was my duty. the teaching of my elders, grandfather, father, mother, not to look at a decease

take no chances on being surprised by roving japanese controls, any line may be the front line on guadalcanal, machine guns always on the ready. artilleryman backup the infantry, blasting the chaps from the island. [ bombs ] . >>> the damage united states cruiser boise given up for lost makes poor with the amazing record of the war, the score of the bridge, six job warships sunk in 20 minutes. admiral king comes aboard to salute the did jalan crew against overwhelming odds, the boise skipper brought his ship through a now the boys are ready to go back for more. [ music ] . with full military honors, ecuador's president has been welcome to washington, 1st degree to good name are who comes to strengthen the ties of friendship. president roosevelt personally introduces members of the united dates covenant to the ecuadorian chief executive, backing up his sympathy and the important coastal and island basis in the pacific, the western approaches to the panama canal. . >>> united states troops salute the governor of french morocco as he comes to meet the american commander. >> at the miramar hotel,

craig: let me refer back to the guadalcanal landing. richmond kelly turner wanted five days to unload his transport ships. that is why he was so upset when frank jack fletcher's two carriers left the vicinity after only three days. what are you doing abandoning me like this? this is terrible. by the time 1943 rolled around, because of the lst, you could unload it in a single tide. the entire ship. the reason is because you load fully loaded trucks, back up in, throw open the doors they have all the , equipment on the trucks, and in the lst can go back and get another load. they were doing it on omaha beach within a matter of hours. the problem was the tide. if you run up at high tide and unload and the tide recedes, you are stuck. there are actually cases of lst's that did not unload quickly enough you could walk , all the way around it dry shod until the tide returns. they get faster in 1942. that is a big difference between what if 1942 and 1943. the kind of expertise that had been developed by 1944 but short answer to your question,

>> let me refer back to the guadalcanal landing. turner wanted five days to unload his transport ships. that is why he was so upset when the two carriers left the vicinity after only three days. what are you doing abandoning me like this? around,ime 1943 rolled because of the lst, you could unload in a single type. -- tide. you load fully loaded trucks, back up onto the beach, they have all the equipment on the can go and in the lst back and get another load. they were doing it on omaha beach within a matter of hours. the problem is the tide. if you run at high tide and unload and the tide recedes, you are stuck. there are cases of them getting stuck, and you could walk around until the tide returns. much faster than in 1942. that is a big difference between what if 1942 and 1943. the short answer to your question, and i never give a short answer, is a couple of hours. the travel time back and forth is about 18 hours. what is interesting about that is the troops were sustained i a by aally constant -- virtually constant round-trip o

. >> the battle of guadalcanal was the first allied defensive in the pacific in world war ii. thursday night on american history tv on cspan-3 by military historians at a symposium on the battle from the national world war ii museum in new orleans it begins at 8 pm eastern thursday on cspan-3. >>> i think the legacy of rochester's ongoing. the more rochester embraces its role as the city of compassion, healing, wellness, hospitality, i think the mission is to really make people feel welcome that this is a home away from home. c-span city sewers on the road exploring the american story. this weekend we take you to rochester minnesota with the help of our >> cable partners, located 90 miles south of minneapolis, rochester has been the home of the male nick since its founding in 1864 . >> the mayo clinic is a good neighbor and it help rochester achieve international recognition, the mail and it would not of happened if not for rochester that allowed the incubator to expanded and became a world presence and message in . >> we speak with local authors in the city of 115,000. singin

. >>> the battle of guadalcanal was the first major allied offensive in the pacific in world war ii. thursday night on american history tv on c-span3, military historians at a symposium on the battle from the national world war ii museum in new orleans. it begins at 8:00 p.m. eastern thursday on c-span3. >>> and now on american history tv, university of alabama professor joshua rothman teaches a class on abolition and pro-slavery movements in the early 1800s. he highlights the way both sides used printing presses and mailed literature to spread their ideas. >> so today we're going to talk about anti-slavery, the emergence of a new kind of anti-slavery, and the reaction to that new kind of anti-slavery. we sort of haven't looked at opposition to slavery in a while. but in the generation or two after the ratification of the constitution, it was not unusual for both northerners and southerners to talk about the morality of slavery. now, before the 1830s or so, there were relatively few white americans who believed that enslaved people ought to be immediately freed, given citizenship rig

. >>> the battle of guadalcanal was the first major allied offensive in the pacific in world war ii.day night on american history tv on c-span3, military historians at a symposium on the battle from the national world war ii museum in new orleans. it begins at 8:00 p.m. eastern thursday on c-span3. >>> and now on american history tv, university of alabama professor joshua rothman teaches a class on abolition and pro-slavery movements in the early 1800s. he highlights the way both sides used printing presses and mailed literature to spread their ideas. >> so today we're going

. >> the battle of guadalcanal was the first major ally defensive in world war ii. thursday night on american history tv on cspan-3, military historians from the national world war ii museum in new orleans, it begins at 8 pm eastern, thursday on cspan-3. >>> up next on american history tv real america, a film from the student nonviolent donating committee also known as cynic got called we will never turn back and shot in rural mississippi and includes interviews with like farmers and sharecroppers and describes the violence and intimidation experienced when trying to register to vote. >> this is essentially for americans. people calling themselves american. trying to make democracy live. it begins with a heartfelt assumption that we are not an island of perfection but in fact a land of imperfection in an imperfect world. negroes are trying to register to vote and

handed fromn single guadalcanal here we come. the japanese only ever committed about half a million troops to the pacific war and 2.4 million troops to the war in china. china was playing a role in the asian wars similar to what the similar -- soviet union did. it tied down the bulk of our foes ground resources so that the anglo-americans could attack from the periphery and the air and do what they did best taking advantage of american productivity. to follow that up, the chinese rubber that also. great russians, it is a patriotic war. to the united states -- they were a bit player as far as they were concerned. >> i will say one other thing. my brother was in world war ii. he was in the british navy. , i was a high school student and he was eight years older than me. bias, ihat american just presumed we had won the war. it was such a great lesson for may to have my older brother getting the facts on the table about how the brits had capped the war going with us reluctantly going into the draft then finally at pearl harbor and so

guadalcanal, saipan and guam, iwo jima. okinawa. was that special advice, was that for when our tribes raided one another. here, maybe it pertains to that. interfere withot interfere going across the seas. ordeals, being marched at gunpoint and hungry, their land is devastated, everything they have is gone. here, we enjoy the elements of good things, and we also have been captivated by other people. our people, our people suffered harsh ordeals. and my wife nelly says, you don't know how many children they lost in their kind of situation. a lot of people lost their lives, their loved ones, and an unimaginable ordeal that they suffered. when you look at it, not knowing anything about it, it did not mean much to me at the time. although you have feelings for those people that we have intruded on over there, in the islands. so going back, looking at the results, like oh, iwo jima is a good example of the enemy that wants to kill you, that wants to kill all americans. that yet -- but yet you don't see them. you see a lot of your friends

call for action that if you're in the nyc area, robert graham, united states marine who fought in guadalcanald silver star, has died at the age of 97. he had no family. it would be wonderful if this marine's funeral was attended hashtag usmc. those who can't attend wishing well on twitter. once a user writing, quote, semper fi, rest in peace, thank you for your service. and sacrifice. jillian: he is 24 years old and just hit one of the biggest jackpots ever. >> at that moment, no way. i felt so lucky i did look at the cameras wanted to wink because i had that lucky feeling. heather: do with the money? we will tell you when we come back. ♪ ers use heavy, overwhelming scents. introducing febreze one; . . like bamboo or lemongrass ginger. to eliminate odors with no heavy perfumes, try new febreze one. brand power. helping you buy better. >> god raises up men for what he has accomplished. >> in this i ask to you join with me in prayer. ♪ jillian: how about this? a millennial is america's newest multimillionaire. manuel franco claiming the third largest general hospital in history. more on what he

. >> >>> the battle of guadalcanal was the first major ally defensive in the pacific in world war ii that tonight in american history tv on cspan-3, military historians at a symposium on the panel for the national world war ii museum in new orleans, begins tonight at eight eastern. >> i think it's important on this day, that we continue to offer the people of colorado the people of middleton the families involved this year knowledge that all of america cares for them and is praying for them . >>> 20 years ago the columbine high school shooting was one of the deadliest high school shootings in american history on friday at 8 p.m. eastern, and we look back at the shooting and find reflection on the tragedy . >> at that time columbine had never happened in either the parents or the school counselor looked at the issue of a violent paper as something that was indicative of the possibility of real deterioration in thinking. >>> water special on the 1999 columbine high school shooting friday at 8 pm eastern on c-span . >>> i think the legacy of rochester is ongoing. the more rochester embr

. >>> the battle of guadalcanal was the first major allied offensive in the pacific in world war ii. thursday night on american history tv on c-span 3, military historians and a symposium on the battle, from the national world war ii museum in new orleans it begins at 8:00 p.m. eastern. thursday on c-span 3. >>> i think the legacy of rochester is really ongoing. the more rochester embraces its role as the city of compassion, healing, wellness, hospitality, we have a mission really to make people feel welcome that this is a home away from home. >> c-span city tour is on the road, exploring the american story. this weekend we take you to rochester, minnesota, with the help of our spectrum cable partners. located 90 minutes south of minneapolis, rochester has been the home of the mayo clinic since its founding in 1864. >> mayo clinic is a good neighbor here in rochester, mayo clinic helped rochester achieve international recognition. in many respects, mayo clinic would have never happened except for the city of rochester. it was a small town, intermittent nature of rochester, that allow

thursday, military historians talk about the battle of guadalcanal, the first major world war ii allied offensive in the pacific. friday on our american artifacts series, a tour of the baseball americana exhibit at the library of congress. the day after the senate commerce committee hearing, president george h.w. bush and several cabinet members held a briefing on the government's response, taking questions from reporters are defense secretary dick cheney, transportation secretary samuel skinner, and epa administrator william reilly. >> i have a statement and then be glad to take a few questions and then refer them to our experts here. virtually every american is familiar with the tragic environmental disaster in alaskan waters. and more than 10 million gallons of oil have been spilled with deadly results for wildlife and hardship for local citizens. we all share the sorrow and concern of alaskans and a determination to mount a sustained cleanup effort. our ultimate goal must be the complete restoration of the ecology and the economy of prince william sound, including all of its fish, m

discriminating against young people because you're not taking 70-year-olds to hit the beach, or whatever, guadalcanal. yeah, you are describing but there's a reason to discriminate. it's not just arbitrary like we will take and will on take people whose name starts with c and not with de or forever and ever. it's like that's ridiculous. that's arbitrator this is an arbitrary. to somebody side that, i don't want to put to chart a blunt on this but the worst, with or the content that we know the male-female thing, that's, we've outgrown that now. by the way, i think when god rated male and fino he didn't do market testing for the 21st century, like it when how this will play in peoria. he just did and it is a fact of reality. to tear my paper again, there is a grain and you just -- its psychological and physical, all kinds of things. that doesn't mean they are totally distinct. it's not a so they are two different species. there's overlap, there's equal honor and so forth, but center of mass there is a difference. so it's not arbitrary. so if the guy says why don't you treat me -- because you're not li

navy at guadalcanal. by the comp the fleet at flood type your guy was once a book review editor for world war ii magazine. back in 2004. and i just started and said this - now i have to read all these books. oh my gosh. the first book became across my desk was left-hand of the tin can sailors. is a very nice things about it in print, jim. i would repeat those over and over and over again. if you have never read it, you should pick and you should be everything, in fact, that jim has to say on what you. so, here to speak on the naval battles in the waters around the guadalcanal, my friend, jim horn fisher. >> thank you rob. that was to kind. i find appearing here each time i have done it, completely intellectually and emotionally, energizing. i shouldn't be surprised to be in the company of all these guys. of all the audience and their incredibly acute questions, is reliably the best day of the year. so, thanks again for the opportunity. to robin jeremy, and steve and ellen for this opportunity to be with y

sam was not one of those, but he certainly early on, because he was at guadalcanal. when you went in the service at that time, you were gone for the duration. 1945.ame back in so sam is small in stature but he has survived four or five landings. and he is the only one of my group still alive. , hes not in great health would be about 94 years old now, and i keep in close contact with him. we have done several presentations together over the years, and i consider him like a friend. marine.very special he forthcoming about his experience in the military and upon his return? >> i have to say this, i had interacted with the code talkers for a couple of years before the .rip was taken when i got on a plane, we were based at guam, i had no idea how , thatoming they would be is why i took younger family members so they would not just be talking to me, they would be talking to the family members who would be witnessing all of the interviews. amazed at how forthcoming they were. why the title of the show in their own words, i wanted to make it very clear to people that this wa