yes, madame nhu was raised in hanoi for most of her life. born in hanoi. went way down to the southern -- very tip of southern vietnam, and then went back to hanoi, and i hadn't known until i was researching the book, she was actually north vietnamese by birth and heritage, because the regime that was the south vietnamese regime, but the religion -- she condition verted at her marriage, which was in 1943, and madame nhu's mother was a devout buddhist, and didn't -- there was a lot of tension between mother and daughter, and the fact that madame nhu married a catholic ex-her mother looked a little bit down at her for that, and i think that madame nhu was, now i can start fresh and not have to worry about that parental judgment all the time. nhu always teased his wife and called her his little heathen because she was knew to catholicism. baptized on the day before her -- the night before her wedding was her baptism show, liked to tease her, but later in life, i think for madame nhu, that was her defining characteristic, how she really made sense of her life,

what if we just nuked hanoi, right?hat if we nuked the ho chi minh trail, just killed everybody, you know what i'm saying? cut the head off the snake and the body will die. we nuke them and the war ends, right? don't you think? are you afraid of a third world war? is that what you're afraid of? just everybody, you know what i'm saying? >> i do. i think the question -- besides the moral and ethical implications, and clearly -- >> i think the issue is one of proportionality. i think we always have to ask ourselves at what cost does victory come? and i think, you know, clearly the use of atomic weaponry is debated in 1954 when the french are on the verge of losing, there's an argument made by some among the joint chiefs of staff we should use tactical nuclear weapons to keep the forces at bay and to save the french and ultimately eisenhower, i think, correctly makes the decision not to go down that road. but i think more generally, it's worth thinking about the problem of proportionality. and was it worth -- was an indepen

the same thing was being applied to hanoi. what's fascinating now that we can look through the historians' work, the inside historians' work, at the national security agency, then robert hanyak who pursued the story had access, went and did the basic fundamental work that intelligence analysts should have done at the time, which was to put all of the intercepts in one pile and go through them. and see, what did they say? where did they contradict each other? and especially, where did they contradict this highly selective chronology that had become the internal, secret official story. then that historian wrote a highly classified article, because it's full of intercepted signals intelligence that showed the capabilities of the u.s. government to listen to the north vietnamese as they're ordering their boats around in the -- down there off the coast of vietnam. we can look through the historians' work, the inside historians' work. the actual texts of the intercepts of the north vietnamese conversations. and then listen to presid

my next guest was a former prisoner ever war at the infamous hand i snow hilton. -- hanoi hilton. the retired air force colonel spent six years at the facility. a medal of honor recipient. one of only 79 living today. good to be with you today. >> thank you, jon, nice to be here. jon: you have read what everyone is coming to refer to as the torture report. i'm just curious as to your thoughts. was the cia conducting torture? >> in my view they were not. i know there is both sides to this but, very briefly, jon, in my experience with as i speak with some personal view like others have that were there. there was, they did not use enhanced interrogation in vietnam. if they asked a question, they just started torturing you. the point, there is window of vulnerability of truth from experience i know if pain gets worse and worse you go from geneva convention, name, rank, serial number, date of birth and they push the pain so high you will begin telling highs. yeah they will nuke you tomorrow, you think you will say whatever you can. get to the point where you pass out. i've been in ther

he was raise in hanoi most of her life. she was born in hanoi. went way down to the southern -- southern vietnam, and then went back to hanoi. i was t known until researching the book since she north vietnamese by northern heritage because the regime, the regime.etnamese but the religion -- she converted at her marriage which 1943. and madam hnu's mother was a buddhist and department buddhist. a devout a lot of tension between mother and daughter. madam hink the fact that hnu married a catholic, her her about ed down on that. madam hnu said oh, well, i can and not worry about that parental judgment all the time. hnu always teased his wife, her his and called little heathen because she was new to catholicism. bap tietzed on the day before -- the night before her wedding was her baptism. tease her. to but later in life, i think for madam hnu, that was really the defining characteristic. that's how she made sense of her putting it in this religious framework. involved in so writing law during her reign, i suppose. that has to do with her own insecur

and that is a debate -- again, hang brings this up in "hanoi's war." that others are constantly having to make choices between building a political, a stable political community in the north and feeding and reinforcing the southern insurgency in the south. so in the aftermath of the american war in 1975, that takes on a regional aspect as they now not only have to balance the problems of reintegrating southerners into vietnam, some of the southerners who obviously fought against the communists, but also now have to deal with a very unstable cambodia and have to deal with a china that is increasingly aggressive. so it's not as easy, i think, for the hanoi politburo coming out of the american phase of the vietnam war to simply call it success and move on. >> lezuan died in 1986, and that was the turning point. when lezuan died, the people who came offer him said communism doesn't work. it didn't work in china, they changed it in 1980. they're trying to catch up with china and the new leadership said we're going to take the capitalist path. it's the death

write everyone wants to hear from a play his cap and nec "no one on around him ever thought that if hanoi franchise in disorganization you want to have a bystandehigh sta" gary radnich>>: car bach could be fired the end of the year, supposedly six years and $48 million hasn't been lins to harbaugh former mission can quart. good for sergio ruml he s with the giants. mark jackson, he's currently broadcasting for espn. the team met with some of the brass with of the team's, they're looking for a head coach. the sharks had a little get together. dear sadie this holidayeaso givthanas pieno theets o inire u. for 7 da onl at tsma, sa up 40%onhousds oitm tsma®. >>> total chaos. >> deborah: all across america theaters bail out of showing the new movie "the interview." >>> then, actor stephen collins' shocking confession in his own words. >>> and mistaken identity? what first lady michelle obama says happened when she went shopping at target in disguise. >>> then, how did a pickup owned by a pulper from texas end up here, in the hands of isis? >>> and she lost her job as a teacher. this bank he was

. >> dong cho island on hanoi bay. >> hanoi? >> by the west lake. >> oh, my god, look at that. but does everybody fall in love with the country like i did? i came here, and it stole my heart. you know. >> i think it's a very good meeting point. which is like in america, but in the past, it was over, and now is a new time. >> mm-mm. wow, that's great. dude, that's pretty spicy. perfect with beer. >> we need more drinks. >> lobster from the south china sea. give it a nice haircut table side, and it's perfect. >> mm-mm. >> sweet? >> sweet, just like i remember. >> yeah. >> yep. i'm a sentimental guy. >> sometimes at work i try to be serious, and i just think about work, but i don't know why, when i meet you, i just think about drinking and getting something good to eat. one more cheer. >> good to see you again, my friend. its been a long time since my old friend and i met. a hell of a lot of road with this guy. one of the great joys of life is riding a scooter through vietnam. to be part of this mysterious, thrilling, beautiful choreography. thousands upon thousands of people, fam

this is the friendship village outside of hanoi. it's run by former combatants from six countries including america 40 vietnamese war veterans are recovering in the village. >> many american soldiers have died from agent orange in america. we were sprayed by our own helicopters and they sprayed us as well as spraying him times a lot of times we would come into an area after it had been sprayed. the vietnamese had it much worse because they were here for those years after we went home for one year. dioxin doesn't take a long time too become poisoned by it. many of our children are very, very ill and now grandchildren, especially with spina bifida. lee high school ti high school hoi has lived in the village for 25 years. >> setting up the friendship village has been more than an act of atonement. it hawes allowed them to deal with their own scores left over from the war. >> the vietnamese never blamed me as an individual for the war. they don't like my country, richard nixon or johnson. at the tell me you were a young boy doing what y

to the floor and to speak on a subject that is important to him having been tortured for years in hanoi. >> how they comported with the most important values. i commend chair woman feinstein in the policies i hope we will never resort to again. i thank them for persevering the opication for many members and officials in two administrations and from some of our colleagues. the truth is sometimes a hard pill to swallow and causes difficulties at home and abroad. it is sometimes used by enemies in attempts to hurt us. the american people are entitled to it none the less. they must know when the values that define our nation are intentionally disregarded by our security policies, even those policies that are conducted in secret must be able to make informed judgments about whether the policies and the personnel who supported them were justified in compromising the values. whether they served a greater good or as i believe they stay in our national honor and did much skmarm little practical good. what were the policies? what was their purpose? did they approve it? did they make us safe or or

most time he goes back he's most was how in hanoi and he thinks it is a fantastic city. the question a good friend of mine, who used to the president of ford's press officer and nbc correspondent, he was going to a documentary called "how we won the war." issaid what is obvious america is all over the place, not in a negative way. i think it's fascinating. , thewe have been doing united states has been doing in the last three years, is building up an interesting relations with vietnam. the nation that beat us is one of our great allies. why? because we both worry about china. now, anyone with half a brain during the vietnam war would have known any intelligence officer with the that more than 1000 years, the chinese and vietnamese do not like each other. yet we went to war against the now because we were concerned that the chinese would send in to help the people they couldn't stand. for the last three years, when the building up this close relationship to the point where several months ago the united states agreed to sell a military convoy to the vietnamese. and we say

to the south in the teens in hanoi, partly sunny skies for you, but seasonably high in bangkok with a high 31 degrees with windy conditions on thursday. now across europe, we have snowfall in morocco. let's take a look at this video coming out of the higher elevations of the country. people in north africa got a taste of winter monday as a storm moved through. this caused temperatures to drop, producing heavy snowfall in several locations across the country. the country typically sees its highest amount of precipitation during the month of december. now, snow has let up but the heavy snowmaker is now actually located over mid part of the mediterranean country. but instead of snow, people in italy and the western parts of the balkan enpins la are dealing with heavy snow -- heavy rain paul as well as gusty conditions. quite stormy over western parts of the continent but temperatures are still on the warmer side in paris. 13 degrees for the high. here's the extended forecast. >>> that's "newsline" for this hour. i'm gene otani in tokyo. @ @@ú >> here are the headlines. funerals underway

those hanoi commies better watch out, we're coming after them. what's up with these messages saying there's no attack? right at that moment a composite intercept rolls in. it is a summary of those north vietnamese naval communications during the period 1 to 5 august which demonstrate irrefutebly that their naval boats did, in fact, engage in preplanned combat against our troyers when the actual attack, aggressive intent as early as the first of august, and then they gist the communications. gist means to summarize without giving exact source of where they picked it up. but they were just summarizing. this top-secret code word dinar document is what the national security agency provided top policymakers like mcnamara to continue to defend the position that the second attack did take place 73 it was aggressive intent and they basically left out of this chronology all the messages that did not support that story. we shot down two enemy planes in the battle area and one other plane was damaged. this is north vietnamese communication. "we sacrificed t

they were moving into hanoi. at the same time, they're attracting a huge amount of lawsuits.eeing them sued by their own drivers over tips. seeing other taxi companies trying to stop them opening in certain cities. and possibly one of the highest profile cases, one of their drivers knocked down -- is accused of knocking down a 6-year-old and killing her in san francisco. however, with most of the lawsuits we've seen against uber, they have managed to carry on operating. >> for those people who have never even heard of uber, what is it about them that makes them so successful and so appealing if you're someone who uses the service? >> it's a combination of two things. ease of use, and they're typically cheaper. the app is very simple. you can see the car as it comes towards you. you get an idea how long it's beginning to be. if you want your loved one or your friend can track your journey so they can see the car's progress, and then you automatically get buiilled. >> is there any competition? have they got a monopoly on this market? >> no, you're seeing competition in the unit

hanoi idea that a his last day on the football team assistant football coach who teaches special educationsses is classified as at least a for some 80 is the and bipolar disorder you need a lot more to second on. the investigating deputy finance he called him a fat man falsely branded teenager for creating the incident in a nonstick of anyone other than patrick james could know all the coaches would this incident and a few players in the area did not wish to make a formal statement they determined that no crime was committed this little three months of the incident took place sentence from his pt guest from hell from returning to class and a letter written for a high- school principal says he directed o.j. to stay away from football and a lawful activities digital officials cannot offer comments on this story could they said they need to maintain the privacy of the students and faculty. >> james: that is to which to cram in all the leftover business before they leave again force on the agenda is avoiding the government shutdown also more than 50 tax breaks they center on a rush to the end

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and eventually, hanoi will realize that it can't win this long war because we have the ability to either ratchet up or ratchet back. unfortunately, we don't have that ability. and we don't have the ability to so neatly determine the pace of the war, the pace of military operations or determine the pace of how quickly the local population is seen the south vietnamese government as a legitimate entity. and so what you see here, i think, are some disconnects, not only in modernization theorys the that we talked about earlier but also this theory of graduated pressure. as we talked about a little bit earlier in the evening, there's a difference clearly between articulating strategy and implementing it. and i think this is a clear case of that. so thank you. [ applause ] >>> here are some of the programs you'll find this weekend on the c-span networks. saturday at 11:00 a.m. eastern on c-span, live coverage of the memorial service for former washington, d.c. mayor marion barry and sunday evening at 8:00 on c-span's q&a, ann compton who recently retired after 40 years as abc news white house c

it would be seen again during the vietnam war when america bombed hanoi dropping on a single city morerdnance than the united states dropped in all of world war ii. indeed, in america in the 20th century, waged total war to such a frightening extent that one wonders if sherman had commanded in world war ii or vietnam, would his detractors be so repelled by him, especially those white southerners, taught to hate him as a war criminal? if he had served in the same army a century later and had worn khaki or green rather than blue, and if his targets had been germans, japanese vietnamese, or islamic terrorists, rather than confederates, would we still loathe him to the same degree? francis libor's words, written in 1862 to save the country is paramount to all other considerations, could have been spoken by generals 0 mar bradley or george patton as they smashed their way through another german town. or curtis lemay as he ordered the fire bombing of japanese cities. history has deemed them heroes, because their actions were against their country's foreign foes, while sherman has been vilifi

cuban workers just as we did in vietnam to make certain that the money, the checks no longer went to hanoi instead went to the workers. this is the next step that should be taken. >> chairman royce, thank you very much for coming in. chairman ed royce, merry christmas and happy new year to you as well. >> north korea is not the only nation suspected of cyberattacks inside the united states. disturbing details about another u.s. adversary, iran in this case, suspected in an attack on u.s. casinos. and how should the united states respond? we're going to put together a special panel of top security experts. much more on the breaking news right after this. ♪ ♪ my baby drove up in a brand new cadillac. ♪ ♪ my baby drove up in a brand new cadillac. ♪ ♪ look here, daddy, i'm never coming back... ♪ discover the new spirit of cadillac and the best offers of the season. lease this 2015 standard collection ats for around $329 a month. >>> the white house is labeling the attack on seen knee as a national security threat against the united states and promising a proportional response. u.s. investigato

it's keeping temperatures mild, hanoi off the water, seattle at 53. we will clear this system out by the time we get to the holiday, but that's going to bring temperatures more back to reality. >> there's always another system, right? >> there's always another in the pipeline. >> nicole mitchell, thank you. >> president obama looking to go it alone in an effort to overhaul the ties that the united states has with cuba. live in miami, but republicans planning to wage a fight against the president's plans. >> the e.p.a. and the coal ash industry, in north carolina, residents are reeling from a massive spill. >> the ongoing battle over the redskins name. why a federal agency says the name is not offensive. >> welcome to al jazeera america. you are taking a live look at karachi pakistan where huge crowds are protesting the school attack. government officials ever killed 59 taliban fighters in the north of pakistan. >> welcome to al jazeera america. ahead in our next half hour, the federal government slapping new york city with a lawsuit over its largest p

it would be seen again during the vietnam war when america bombed hanoi, dropping on a single city more ordnance than the united states dropped in all of world war ii. indeed, in america in the 20th century, waged total war to such a frightening extent that one wonders if sherman had commanded in world war ii or vietnam, would his detractors be so repelled by him, especially those white southerners, taught to hate him as a war criminal? if he had served in the same army a century later, and had worn khaki or green, rather than blue, and if his targets had been germans, japanese, vietnamese, or islamic terrorists, rather than confederates, would we still loathe him to the same degree? francis libor's words, written in 1862, to save the country is paramount to all other considerations, could have been spoken by generals 0 mar bradley or george patton as they smashed their way through another german town. or curtis lemay as he ordered the fire bombing of japanese cities. history has deemed them heroes, because their actions were against their country's foreign foes, while sherman has been

it would be seen again during @tw the vietnam war when america bombed hanoi, dropping on a single cityeen germans, japanese, vietnamese, or islamic terrorists, rather than loathe him to the same degree? francis libor's words, written in 1862, to save the country is paramount to all other considerations, could 6 or george patton as they smashed their way through another german town.í or curtis lemay as he ordered the fire bombing of japanese cities. history has deemed them heroes, because their actions were against their country's foreign foes, while sherman has been vilified as a terrorist because 0; his actions, although less severe, were against his country's domestic enemies.$

this is a man who served in hanoi hilton for months and months.a prisoner of war who was tortured. i would take his comment as the nonminority majority next year and say this report had to be issued. people say, someone was going to be hurt. people were hurt by torture. we lied with the nato ruled that said this would not be done by the united states personnel. then we sat there and used u.s.s that were not personnel. we put it in romania, egypt, and let other people torture for us. u.s. personnel. that is like saying the church was not responsible for the spanish inquisition because they turned the prisoners over to a civilian body to burn them. the report had to be done. host: specifically about waterboarding, those that point to the legal justification say that this is training our troops go under, waterboarding, and the reason why does not torture is havese it does not long-term effects. it does not have long-term mental harm. what do you think? that we arepeople training with this, the people in the military that are trained know that it is j

who was held in hanoi with mccain said he couldn't disagree more.at i couldn't disagree more. i agree with senator mccain on many things. in general the position he holds we need to cling to our values. i think the thing here the context of the situation and whether or not we were able to get meaningful information. i think we probably were and in that case in the context of right after 9/11 i think it was probably the right thing to do to use enhanced interrogation. >> the idea of using enhanced interrogation is to get valuable information to try to keep americans safe. many would say that that's okay. in fact, a lot of senators completely disagree with john mccain. why is that? >> well i'm not sure. i think -- i've bento the 9/11 museum last week and as i toured through there i went from crying to fierce anger about what happened to through. it kept coming back to me. well if we were able to obtain information, which from some people you might not be able to through enhanced interrogation, i agree with senator mccain, you can get a lot of bad info