, of this involvement hanoi. and as we established on on tuesday as it turns out. right, the insurgency in southern vietnam was actually begun by southerners against the wishes of of hanoi. so so so johnson's approach is to to fight the insurgents. the south with american military personnel and then to bomb the north for its support of of this state of war in in southern vietnam. and that's significant because for the people of northern, this is all lost on them as far they're concerned, the americans are bombing us for no reason that we can understand. and that's one of the reasons why the bombing will actually be counterproductive. if anything, it inspires northerners to fight more valiantly once they get deployed to to the south. they really eventually, by into the whole narrative presented to them by lee's one to the effect that that that the american war vietnam is effectively unproved american aggression against against our poor innocent. now always keep this in mind right we talked about this on tuesday as

nixon now resumes secret political talks with hanoi.hanoi would send its chief negotiator and politburo member upto to paris, where i would connect with him every three months or so and quote to explore this further. the four years of negotiations and military amid the wider ongoing implementation of a new grand strategy, it is my pleasure to introduce david prentice of the osher lifelong learning institute at oklahoma state university. thomas schwartz, distinguished professor of history at vanderbilt university. george vi is a former army captain. dr. wife is author of four books on the vietnam war. moderating this conversation is dr. luke nichter, the james h. cavanaugh endowed chair in presidential at chapman university. and i now turn it over to dr. victor. well. well, thanks for that introduction, jim. i should say at the outset, it's no easy thing for a presidential foundation library to welcome academic scrutiny, especially on a difficult and subject like this. so for that reason, i like to say hats off to the richard nixon libra

actually, it's hanoi. you start thinking, well, this is pretty bad, but, you know, there's no way that i'm going to be here now next year. my country is going to get me home this year. well, let's say you got shot down like jim stockdale in september of 1965. right. so you thought you'd be home by christmas of 1965, right? oh, you're not. 1966 is your year. that's when you're going to get home. here we go. home in 66. you're still there in 67. you're getting skinny. you're not getting fed. well. you're getting tortured. you get beaten. you're getting despondent. you're starting to lose faith in my country. ever going to get me home. 1968. 1969. still there. 1970 americans starts pulling out of vietnam. you're wondering, is my country going to leave me behind? 1971, 1972, p.o.w. . i didn't come home until february of 1973. 50 years ago now, no one signed up for that mission. no one expected that mission. but that was the mission. that over 500 american men received during vietnam. so they had to do their be

whose entire issue was was getting back our who were being held in hanoi. and it was the kerry mccain report which actually directly led to the trip that i made with john armitage in 82 after that. exactly. and i mean, the irony the irony of that is, you know, a lot of vietnam veterans were ones who were the first ones going back in there saying we need to get involved here. people like chuck who still there, he started there on a lot landmine clearing project, etc. so i think in the us, the americans, if i may say so, i think the american left was terrified of vietnam they didn't want to you know, they didn't want to go anywhere near. it so it took people who had fought there had been there and had the credentials to actually, you know, it's time to move on. this is what's fascinating about this is because if you if we all agree that the vietnam, american vietnam war was a tragedy. somehow and one of the reasons it was a tragedy because our level of ignorance when we went in was so profound. i mean, i've always thought that the revelation in the pentagon p

hanoi's four points in the last ten points. provided it can be consistent with the very few principles i have set here tonight. despite our disagreement with several of its points, we welcome the fact that the nlf has put forward its first comprehensive program. we are studying that program. however, we ignore the fact that after the offer, the scale of enemy attacks stepped up and american in vietnam increased. let me make one point clear. if the enemy wants with the united states, that is not the way to get it. i have set forth a peace program tonight which is generous and terms. i have indicated our willingness to consider other proposals, but no greater mistake could be than to confuse flexibility. weakness of being reasonable with lack of resolution. i must also make clear in all candor that if the needless suffering continues, this will affect other decisions. nobody has anything to gain by delay. reports from indicate that the enemy has given up hope for a military victory in south vietnam is counting on a collapse of am

the khmer rouge, hanoi literally created the cambodian communist movement, right? the u.s. bombing radicalized it. but to say that the u.s. bombing brigades, the genocidal khmer rouge, i mean, listen, the u.s. bombed laos more heavily and, you know, louse doesn't produce a genocide. right. so. so i think i think we have to america the agency is important here. but fundamentally, we have to start recognizing that. the local agency also matters that was a tragic war and the americans made dumb decisions. but so different parties in vietnam and cambodia, i mean, it's possible it's possible that that too not to try to adjudicate this, but it's possible that both john mcauliffe and pierre are correct. certainly that there is civil strife. no question. vietnam from an early. and that, i think would have been there absent a french war that would have been there, absent an american invasion. but you could also argue, and maybe this is the point that john mcauliffe is making, is that abs and the dispatch large numbers of french troops and massive amounts of french firepower and abse

tet offensive does not go at all as hanoi had been hoping. the people do not rise up really anywhere. and so the north vietnamese are stuck and having in the guerrilla conflicts, they've been able to sneak away if they came under pressure. but now been told to hold cities and this exposes them to american and vietnamese power firepower and they take horrific losses so they do gain some propaganda victories. the image in the lower left there is, the photo of national south vietnamese national police chief shooting a viet cong suspect who we know had just murdered a bunch of civilians. but that context is included. the photographer who took that, eddie will later bemoan the the distorted coverage that came out of it. also at the same time as tet, you have the battle of kaesong in and is another case of bad history. we've been led to believe that sanh was a diversionary attack by the north vietnamese, that attacked it in early 1968 because they wanted to lure american troops away from the cities for the tet offensive. and it was only stupid. gen

tet offensive does not go at all as hanoi had been hoping. the people do not rise up really anywhere. and so the north vietnamese are stuck and having in the guerrilla conflicts, they've been able to sneak away if they came under pressure. but now been told to hold cities and this exposes them to american and vietnamese power firepower and they take horrific losses so they do gain some propaganda victories. the image in the lower left there is, the photo of national south vietnamese national police chief shooting a viet cong suspect who we know had just murdered a bunch of civilians. but that context is included. the photographer who took that, eddie will later bemoan the the distorted coverage that came out of it. also at the same time as tet, you have the battle of kaesong in and is another case of bad history. we've been led to believe that sanh was a diversionary attack by the north vietnamese, that attacked it in early 1968 because they wanted to lure american troops away from the cities for the tet offensive. and it was only stupid. gen

hanoi's replies called for a surrender. and since the soviet union finishes most of the military equipment for north vietnam, my assistant for national security affairs, and i personally have met on a number of occasions with representatives of the soviet government to enlist their assistance in getting meaningful negotiations started. in addition, we have had extended discussions directed toward that same end with representatives of other governments which have diplomatic relations with north vietnam. none of these initiatives have to date produced results. in mid july, i became convinced that it was necessary to make a major move to break the deadlock in the paris talks. i spoke directly in his office where i'm now sitting with an individual who had known ho chi minh upon personal basis for 25 years. through him i sent a letter to ho chi minh. i did this with the diplomatic channels with the hope of making statements of propaganda removed, there might be constructive progress toward bringing the war to an end. let me read

. >> jeanine: this is hanoi jane. i was looking up something.view," perfect audience, she suggested murder to fight abortion laws in a wild appearance on "the view," suggests murder. all the woman needs is a cause, doesn't care how important, how supportive in terms of facts or evidence, all she wants to be is relevant. hanoi jane, patriarchy, how you tie it to one bad person is amazing. >> jesse: the best fox news headline. hanoi jane blames white men for climate change. would you like to defend white men? >> harold: i don't agree with her. look, i think she has every right to advocate with enthusiasm, i disagree with her. >> greg: i am tired of your strong man arguments. >> jeanine: and it is stupid stuff. >> greg: let's get him! >> jesse: dana, help us out. it is only tuesday. >> dana: there was a tell in her remarks. so in her remarks she said something that's a tell, okay? she said they're all connected meaning racism, abortion, climate. it is where you have -- never mind. >> jeanine: i want to hear it. tell me. >> jesse: tuesday, we're all

and some of them spent time in a prison known as the hanoi hilton.ew exhibit is dedicated to keeping their memories alive. david martin reports. >> reporter: look familiar? >> oh, my gosh. >> reporter: mike mcgrath was a 27-year-old navy pilot when he was shot down over north vietnam and taken to this prison in ha hanoi. >> this is where the guards could check on you. they would harass you day and night. they would clang it. you couldn't sleep. >> reporter: part of the prison, the p.o.ws sarcastically call the hanoi hilton is here in the united states. >> this is very real. >> reporter: salvaged when the old prison was tore down and on display at the american heritage museum outside boston. >> oh, my god. that's a cement slab. that's my mattress and my bed for years. >> reporter: it's been more than 50 years and only a handful of the surviving p.o.w.s could make it for the opening of the exhibit. just turned 80, charlie plum is one of the youngest. this is a fraternity like no other. >> this is a fraternity like no other. when you have guys that save

we're going to go after fucken airfield outside of hanoi and the wanted a part of that and it took a lot of extra coordination to break down the barriers and allow deconfliction. all right so other than that, you were kind of kept to your place this also shows refueling track. it also shows some very significant and i thought the reading did a good job of incorporating search and rescue. okay all the search and rescue issues. this, you know, some good pictures here. there was a package going in that's b 66. so this has got to be pretty early in the war that ab 66 is is jamming any kind of radars. it's doing some jamming, bringing in escorting f of five bombers in. and there's general moammar or some air force commander, the intellectual. an air force commander. right. so he'll end up penning a book five years after the conflict, i think came out in 78 air power, three wars, which is a good book for us to reflect on. so once again, have a sack dominated air structure. and this would be the aircraft that you think might be carrying out these missions in total. and as thompson informs,

relations as the reason for the deepening and stability of the political relations between tehran and hanoie minister of public security of vietnam emphasized the important needs of developing bilateral economic relations, emphasizing the increasing strengthening of relations between the two countries in all fields and supporting each other in international circles . subject iran supports sina tanesh, who withdrew in favor of erdogan. this candidate for the turkish presidential election had 5% of the votes in the first round of the election. according to the electoral laws, the people of turkey go to the polls to determine the fate of their country in the second phase of the presidential election, in part of the turkish electoral law. it has been said that not appearing in the elections will be fined. the two serious contenders of the turkish presidential election failed to win the majority vote in the first round. now, at any cost, they will win the second round of the election. on june 7, in the second phase of the election, one of the two political leaders, recep tayyip erdoğan, the cand

toilet paper to a fellow american >> i was trying to cheer the guy up by simply saying welcome to the hanoin. >> reporter: lieutenant porter halliburton was held there too for a while. when his plane was shot down in 1965, his family thought he was dead, even had a tombstone made >> then a year and a half later they came in and they said we have something to tell you. and marty said you're here to tell me my husband's alive. she said that was more difficult to deal with than my death because of the uncertainty >> reporter: he returned to the u.s. in 1973. as did shumaker, welcomed home by his wife and son, who'd been born just a few weeks before his dad left for war what was that like >> she prepared our son, who was a really competitive little kid, by asking him, how are you going to greet your father? you know and he kind of shrugged his shoulders. and -- i'm sorry i get choked up. >> yeah. >> and he didn't say a thing, but anyway, he beat her to me >> reporter: the two reuniting with other p.o.w.s. >> we were a family over there >> reporter: sharing their stories with a generation for wh

reporter: in vietnam's capital hanoi, the mercury is rising. so for many, there is only one option. pool. >> this year, in comparison to previous years, is harder. more extreme. reporter: the heatwave has baked vietnam for weeks. there is usually a hot period before the rainy season but this, year it has been longer and more intense. that has got forecasters warning of a possible drought, and city officials scrambling to save water. they are also saving electricity . some of the hydropower dams are lower than average and the surgeon temperatures are putting pressure on the national grid as more people are using air conditioning. >> if everyone saves energy, then will have enough electric (sophie fouron) we're right in the middle of the atlantic. and out of nowhere are these nine volcanic islands. the azores were and still are a point of transit for sailors and fishermen. there's a strong sense of hospitality here, and generosity. everywhere you go, people offer food or drink. it's very charming. in the azores, there are more cows than there are humans.

and the hanoi quite sort of suspicious about this sort of had had a security officials take the americans around because they thought there doing some spying or something. later they realized that this was a source of hard currency and they should be encouraged to come back and on. and so various people got involved in giving these veterans. and one of them was a translator for, frankie and me, when we went back to vietnam and halberstam and others named control. and in in danang and mr. cohn told us this wonderful story. he early in the early days, we would take these groups of veterans and they would say, okay, we just don't want to go to the sun valley. we want to go to hill for 52, which is where we during that battle, this or this month or and so these guys were getting a little bit older these veterans and they were getting little more out of shape and so contra and and the other guys would sometimes sort of cheat a little bit they'd take them to the coast sun valley. but they'd drive to where there was a sort of a slightly less arduous hill. they'd say, okay, this is your hill, and

deputy chairman of the russian security council dmitry medvedev today with a worker during his visit to hanoias received by the president and prime minister of the republic, as well as the secretary general of the ruling communist party . the policy meetings noted that the cooperation between the two countries has been successfully developing recently. in gagauz, the appellate chamber approved the victory of the opposition candidate from the shor party in the elections for the head of the autonomy, yevgeny hutsul, a supporter of the attempt of the president of moldova, may-sandu, to rapprochement with russia. cancel the results of the elections in gagauzia, the confrontation between chisinau and the autonomous republic failed and the situation in moldova is growing. anna voronina has transferred europe to the cis countries in a completely different place. the moldovan authorities seem to have finally decided to turn around, which is demonstrated in the parliament by the chairman of the parliament. igor grosu appealed to the government with a request to initiate the procedure for regulating th

that was the observations we made in vietnam, slightly out of hanoi.emaking, factory workers, mostly females, and they are working in conditions with thermal pressed machinery that can go up to 170 degrees celsius. and again, it's important to realise it's notjust the demands at work, right? when we observe them back home, you assume most of us are being rested, we are at home. and therefore, it's important as we go about quantifying the demands of these workers, it is notjust the eight, ten, 12 hours at work. it's important for us to also quantify the demands at home, 2a hours over days, over weeks. and again, it is easy to conclude that they are not rested and therefore at times accidents that occur at worksites could be due to just pure sleep deprivation or unrested bodies. now, this is pretty sensational footage from the island of oahu in hawaii. it shows the moment a shark attacked a man who was fishing in his kayak. scott haraguchi amazingly emerged from the incident unscathed. he later posted the video of what happened on social media. he said h

russia is ready to resume wheat supplies and increase the volume of meat exports to vietnam hanoi discussedcil chairman dmitry medvedev himself, he met with the president, as well as the prime minister of vietnam, it was about cooperation in the economic and humanitarian spheres. experience based on the traditions of friendship, cooperation and mutual support will help us to cope with all the challenges of the current time. a. indeed, we have a comprehensive strategic partnership between our strange ones, the intensity of contacts. you just highlighted. e, dear comrade prime minister, and these contacts go to all lines of government parliamentary. eh, means party. in turkey, former presidential candidate senan ogan, who finished third in the first round, called on his supporters to support recep taip erdogan in the second round. we decided to support the receps of tayyip and erdogan and we ask everyone who voted for us. in the first round in the second round , support the incumbent president. we made this decision for our people and for our country. we believe this is the right decision. uk

so on the street lights are being turned off and get noms capital, hanoi, sweltering temperatures, put pressure on the power grid forecast. as a warning, the heat wave will continue and could get worse. alexia ryan reports in vietnam's capital noise, the mercury is rising. and so for many, there's only one option aid. so the cool my of, of this year in comparison to previous use is hold for more extreme the heat wave has baked vietnam for weeks. there's usually a whole period before the reigning season. but this year it's been longer and more intense. that's called full cost is wanting of a possible drought city officials scrambling to safe walks at their own. so saving electricity levels and some of the hydropower dams, along with an average and the surging temperatures are putting pressure on the national grid as more people using air conditioning. as in paul either because if everyone saves energy, they will have enough electricity. if not, there will be a partial overload, which will put the grid risk to safe power. the city is turning off the street lights earlier than usual and t