if there was an attack, the harki would be the first to die.the population. we always knew that one day algeria would gain its independence. what general de gaulle should have done is take all the harki and theirfamilies to safety in france. but when independence was declared in 1962, the french disarmed the harki and left us defenceless. the fln took advantage of this and began to round us all up. they took me to a barracks where there were about 50 other harki prisoners. there was blood everywhere. they stripped me naked and started torturing me with electric shocks. each time, a new group of soldiers came on shift, they began again. the same thing every day. the fln even made us dig our own graves. some people were thrown in alive, some were thrown into the river and the jackals did the rest. i was arrested onjuly the 8th 1962, and i escaped on september the 10th 1962. it took me a long time to feel welcome here in france. i decided to change my name and convert to catholicism. i wanted to make a fresh start. i could say that i was born unde