one of the first black mine foremen in harlan county and a veteran member of the united mine workersof america, turner braced his children to treatment of another world. his son jeff was a young child whenca the industry transitione, and here's jeff turn's recollection. turner's recollection. absolutely, we saw it, because our fathers were telling us what was going to happen, and what my father saidd was going to happen to us happened because nobody black got jobs any longer. before the mechanization of the industry, coal mining was definitely in your blood. it was in your blood. but what the mechanization did was eliminated jobs. it eliminated jobs because mechanization increased tonnage. but when they brought those big machines into lynch, i will never forget that as a little boy, when they brought those machines in. thank you. [applause] >> we have time for questions, but i will ask you if you will go w to the microphone there. c-span's recording this, and they'd like to hear your question. so feel free, get up, go straight to the microphone. all right. [inaudible conversations] >