dangerfield newby was the first man killed at harpers ferry, he died the first day of fighting. several letters from his wife, harriet, were found on his person. these letters did not survive but were transcribed as part of the government report on the raid on harpers ferry. you can get a sense what motivated dangerfield newby when you read his wife's incredibly poignant and very powerful and painful letters in which she is telling her husband the master is struggling economically and wants to sell me and our children down south soon. i want to be reunited with you, please come quickly. she is in treating him to help her get her and her children out of slavery before they get sold down south. that is a tragedy that tore apart many enslaved families, husbands separated from wives, children separated from their parents. dangerfield newby was facing that tragedy, so he took up arms in the hope that john brown's raid would be successful and he could free his family from slavery. as i mentioned, john brown and his army were hoping to commandeer the weapons at the federal arsenal at h

dangerfield newby s motivations for joining the unsuccessful radel harpers ferry, but in1859-. newby was a former slave, even though he was free, his wife and children were still in bondage. after several attempts to obtain freedom to trying to raise money to purchase them and negotiate with their master, he was at his wit's end, and joined john brown's army out of desperation, a last resort to try to free his family after other avenues had failed the. you get a sense of how personal this was for dangerfield newby through several letters found on his person. dangerfield newby was the first man killed at harpers ferry, he died the first day of fighting. several letters from his wife, harriet, were found on his person. these letters did not survive but were transcribed as part of the government report on the raid on harpers ferry. you can get a sense what motivated dangerfield newby when you read his wife's incredibly poignant and very powerful and painful letters in which she is telling her husband the master is struggling economically and wants to sell me and our children down

lee knew he had troops heading his way from harpers ferry. the last of his forces to reunite with them at sharpsburg, he just did not know when precisely they would arrive. hill arrived at the right place and right time, it could not have been scripted any better for lee and the confederates. as hill arrived on the battlefield, he did so just-in-time to hit the flank of the union forces advancing on sharpsburg, bringing the final attack to a close. at the end of the day, federal forces had made significant gains but failed to deliver a knockout blow against the confederates. the fields around sharpsburg were littered with dead, wounded and dying. as private frank bullard of the 15th massachusetts would write, this ended the most desperate battle of the war where thousands yielded their lives that this government must and shall live. the question we now ask ourselves is was this a stalemate or victory? antietam is frequently described as a military draw. on september 18, both armies were still on the field, but on the ninth of the 18th and mor

some of it, the most sophisticated is francis harper, african-american abolitionist. she gives a really profound notion of human solidarity and equality. that's where my heart is, that's what i would like. the problem is that at this. >> , it is fracturing. it takes more subtle forms today than what i described but it's still there. so the only thing i can say is that in the meanwhile, what do you do. in the meanwhile, people who believe in the quality better get on the same page against forces of inequality. i think that's however you think about that, i think there's a story there. >> i applaud your work. there's at least three different groups that do have a common purpose and they may not be able to see it. >> you seem to focus on these groups who ended up it seemed like a way from the original mission and going up the white power people so there must have been other groups who are not doing that. who -- african-americans didn't just go away after harriet tubman. there had to have been more movement going on that countered some of that, i would think. >> yes, you

to charge him for the trayvon martin just 1st of all i would like to see it doesn't bother me that harper collins was in this lawsuit because they're the book come. i believe that wrote the defamation book on me with the navy seal sniper yes so if they take harper collins as money i have no problem with that being a little tongue in cheek sarcastic but anyway getting back on this is so outrageous there is no judge in the world that isn't going to throw this out my opinion how could a judge at least i certainly would tell you any of the $73.00 that i appointed while i was governor of minnesota would laugh right out of court i would freak that's what'll happen i hope that's what will happen to a deal i want to go to your what are your thoughts on mr zimmerman making headlines that. he's a clown he's a coward he's an idiot he's a full every and any and everything that makes them up is the reason why people outside of america and a lot of people in america hate this country he's a joke like the whole idea that that this is even a thing is beyond discussed in this crazy it's crazy he's out of

- harper and fisher. - harper and fisher? - yes. - i love it.person who claims that she actually invented or started these gender reveal parties, her name is jenna karunidis--karvunidis. and, uh, jenna joins us down in our cyber hall. jenna, how you doing? - hi, i'm all right. - nice pool. [laughs] so jenna, i understand you claimed that you started the gender reveal parties back in 2008? - yeah. i was an early adopter to social media. so, i was pregnant 11 years ago and i had a gender reveal party, the first one. i was just very excited, i wanted to up the excitement level of our baby that was coming. and my family had no idea, like, they were very kind of annoyed with me, like, "why are we having this barbecue in the middle of the week? why are we having cake? it's no one's birthday." um, i had baked a pink cake and a blue cake with, you know, the filling-- - right, right. - --and had the ob-gyn put our gender information into an envelope. ob-gyn was very confused, "why--you wanna know the gender, but why don't you want me to tell you?" and i'

george crook the next morning writes back to his department commander, general hunter, at harpers ferry, and tells him -- i am going to attack enemy. there are no if practical's in george crook's communication. i hasten to say that if it weren't for crook's presence, i don't think there would have been much in the way of any military action that would have come out of the pursuit of jubal early. on the 18th, the cavalry is isiving and the calvary already in position, and him and general horatio wright will study the layout of the confederate position from high they willluff and conclude, well, the confederates have a strong force in position here at the shenandoah river crossing, but i think what we should do is march our troops under cover of the bluffs northward about two miles, cross ford, at at island dead center of the map, and once our troops are on the west bank of the shenandoah river, they south andto head back take john b. gordon's division and its northern flank, drive it away, clear the crossing of the shenandoah river and the rest of horatio wright's army will cross the riv

for the raid at harpers ferry, his claim to fame was a massacre.here was a period in the history of kansas and the history of the nation people call bleeding kansas. this was one of a serious in the 1850's, of actual violent skirmishes going on in the united states. the civil war had not been declared, would not be declared until 1861. many places on the ground, there were battles over this question of slavery. kansas was a big one. he was there. he was the leader of a group of men. he carried out at least one graphic massacre of proslavery men in kansas in part as retribution for the caning of charles sumner in the senate. and he was. in other raids, he killed a slaveholder in missouri. at harpers ferry, his men managed to kill some local officials. he felt that he was doing good. it is a major moment of change in the abolitionist movement. before john brown, many abolitionists had been sworn pacifists. there was a movement called nonresistance, associated with william lloyd garrison and the boston contingent of abolitionists. increasingly, activi

susan: after his famous raid at harpers ferry, west virginia. prof. jackson: yesterday, december 2, was the anniversary of the execution. it was a major turning point for how people felt about slavery. it was one of those moments i was just referencing, where a critical mass of people thought, if john brown was willing to do this, surely i can stand up and say i oppose slavery. yes, he carried out this grassroots organizing campaign not on his own, but with the help of a number of black leaders in various cities and also canada. he traveled to canada, he held a convention there with black leaders, many of whom were exiled from the united states. he had six financial backers in boston called the secret six who were willing to give him money for weapons and for whatever plan he might have, they were secretive about it. even the men who marched with him did not know exactly what they were going to do before they did it. he is the most famous, probably the most famous radical of this period, and attempted a coup d'etat that failed on the day -- basically

there is no place for someone like francis harper any longer. they of course find different ways and avenues but the possibilities are getting shut down. that's what they refer to as the native relations. it's after that that they lose the vote. they no longer want to recruit black men to vote against alcohol the same applies to the knights of labor. the world is shutting down. so it's a very tough time. it doesn't mean they stop but their work in very tough circumstances and my book ends before they get there. think about the contemporary moment as well as what's happening and other countries. to what extent the very machinery that is supposed to try to a quality. it's the factor is causing this inequality. i wonder if to what extent the desire to construct minorities therefore it easily falls back into a white nationalism. >> that is part of the problem. a white majority. and that is a very distinct if she in this. i actually think just the arithmetic of how race worked bent towards white nationalism and white supremacy. and that was true thro

commanding the reserve division of west virginia at harper's ferry. he puts up a pretty decent fight before he is released. for my friend in the back there, it is going to be lou walls and his initiative in washington c. so, what is going on with the high command here? moving down the valley, headed north towards the potomac river in maryland, there are reports there is a large enemy source operating in the valley. the chief of staff and the 49 -- and the information to john etersburg. david hunter is in the valley. he will take care of that. he tells them i don't think he is in the valleyfor abraham lincoln, grant has anymore. ecome a great opportunity. grant believes, as does lincoln, that we can separate whatever force this is away from lee before he crosses the potomac river. they see this as opportunity in washington dc. let's get back to this map here. you have the red and blue lines here. on july 5, they cross the potomac river. he is headed towards frederick maryland. they realize there is a major threat to washington and baltimore at this poi

valley harper. >> valerie lost her long battle with cancer in late aust at the age of 80.agnosed with lung cancer in 2009. four years lat she was told the disease had spread to her brian. she claimed experimental treatment allowed her to live well beyond expections. >> i am not suffering, i'm not in pain, so i'm really blessed and i think of the people who have the courage to face the nextay not beingble to fee their kids. so i am really saying god has given me strength and the attitude and i'm not sufring in any way. i'm very grateful i find something something many things to say thank you for every day. >> audiences got to know valerie from "the mary tyler moore show." >> so you're rhoda? >> morgenstern. >> and i'm mary richards. hello, get out of my apartment! >> she won four emmys playing mary's brash neighbor who became her best fend. >> mary was like this rather proper elegant straitlaced upstanding, and rhoda was this kinda knock a uple of edges >> we also lost valerie's co-star georgia engel who passed away at the age of 70. on "the mary tyler moore show" she playe

the stage for the rest of this campaign. , he writes back to his department commander hunter at harper's ferry and tells him that jubal early, this force is too strong i don't have the manpower nor the combat experience for the little army of west virginia to go toward otero the army of the valley district in the open field. i'm going to hang out at winchester for a couple of days and hopefully early is going to send his troops back to richmond. he has a very accurate assessment of the situation in the valley and crook also has a proven plan of action of how he is going to a couple his mission. which is been reemphasized by general grant is to pursue the enemy. but to stay between the enemy and the potomac river because the last thing he wants is a replay of the maryland raid. carry outg to try to those orders to the best of his ability. jubal early, he gets communications from robert e. lee on july 22. robert e. lee is full into the midst of the siege of petersburg in richmond against the army of the potomac. him, he stay out in the shenandoah, you can stay as long as you want to make s

that is harpers ferry. he's got the high ground. when early gets up there, he thought about attacking him, but he remembered what his worries -- orders were. there were no shots fired. they cross into shepherdstown , west virginia in 1864. now the telegraph is going into washington saying we have a core of troops going your way. the initial reports were 30,000, 40,000, 45,000. early had at most 12,000 men. when they crossed the potomac -- i will get to that in a moment. here is a core of troops. they crossed the potomac. they camps right around what was the antietam battlefield. it was a very hot summer that day. one of the problems was the confederates were very ill supplied. one third of the men did not have shoes. they were waiting on a shipment of shoes that finally came from the railroad. and also, while they were at antietam, that is when early got the order from property lee to do the -- robert e lee to do the how did he get the order? he didn't cable it. he gave it to his son, rob lee. he rode his horse from richmond up to a

is doing everything he can in this illustration, which is the start of the new year in 1863 and "harper's weekly," again, the most influential periodical in the united states, or as it humbly calls itself, the journal of civilization, and he is making every effort to make sure you get the message. first at the top, you see the u and the s that stands for the united states, for the union. then let's look at what i'm wearing. i am literally wrapped in the union flag. this top part is the blue field of that flag. i have 35 stars which represent the states in the union. pants are themy stripes of that flag. again, he is rapping me in the flag, and i am surrounded by union troops, and they are all carrying lots of presents, and i am giving them those presents because they are good men fighting for the right side. in the background, there's the union flag. he is doing everything he can to make the case that santa is on the union side. if you still have not gotten the point, i will point your attention to the fact -- it's hard to see in this picture, but he is entertaining the troops here with a

anyway, this upset another gentleman called william randolph first who had just bought harper's bazaar and he said set his people out to badmouth boat and conde people who wanted to get rid of european fashion not imported to america anymore and they were only out to support new york clothing designers, etc. well, what happened was the representative arrived in paris during the war, was a big fat check for the seamstresses who'd been put out of work. so first lost the first round , but he wasn't going to get up. we all know he never did that . come 1915, two things happened. the most important one was a lunch with the gentlemanwho founded the coffeehouse in this building . frankwrote in shield . was a great aficionado of modern art. he was everybody's favorite raconteur. he had miles and acres of friends throughout new york city and conde had lunch with him, probably at the coffeehouse. i don't know where exactly and he said i've got a problem. i bought two magazines called dress and vanity fair.i've tried to edit them myself that i'm a publisher, i'm not an editor and what do you thin

harpers ferry, designed by thomas jefferson for the lois and clark expedition. 0.303 world war i trench rudy looks to add to his artillery when this bronze civil war 12-pounder, called the napoleon, goes on sale. >> the napoleon gun won the war for the union army. >> hayes otoupalik is a militaria dealer and collector. he tells me more about that napoleon cannon. >> it was found in the 1950s in the path of union army at gettysburg. it's a classic, must-have weapon in a civil war collection. >> so, rudy must have it, even if the 12 grand asking price is a stretch. >> he had to refinance the home, i think -- >> oh, my. >> -- to my mother's dismay. there was, you know, tension in the home, so i heard a fair amount of things that maybe i wish i wouldn't have heard. >> rudy just covers his ears, claims his prize, and painstakingly refurbishes the cannon using blueprints from the smithsonian. but will he listen to the warning shot fired by the missus? >> my wife told me, if i build one more cannon, she'd divorce me. >> here's a "strange inheritance" quiz question. the answer when we return. ♪

the attack just a few it days before the japanese attack on burl harper. >> the hole the shipyard plays legendary. so this is surtsenly a tragedy for everyone here. >> dhad wk says the attack took place near dry dock two. authorities have not released a motive, nor the identities of the shooting victim. we'll give you more nfrmgation as we need it. four legal scholars made the case and they'll hear about him saying about the findings and weects pelktd an judiciary committee vote on articles of impeachment. so what, as of now, could be in the articles. bribery, obstruction of justerse is ubstrukds of congceive's a andigation and andand and i believe the president returned a kouperty. the impeachable high crime and misdemeanor for abuse of power paced on that evidence and those findings. >> the pd did commit an impeachable aabuse of auflsz. >> and professor gerharter? >> we three are unanimous. >> the republican's with witness warn odaffslippery slope. said more evidence ecould bleen to more and nor impeachments 237 fwrfs . it would create a dangerous precedent. you might have an impeach

first of all, it takes place in monroeville, alabama, which is the community where harper lee grew upnd wrote the beloved vel "to kill a mockingbird." and that community celebrates that story. they embrace that story. they romanticized that story. t when i got involved in walter mcmillian's case, a black man wrongfully accusedil ofng a young white woman, it was almost as if they couldn't make the connection. he was actually miles from the crime when the crime took pla, surrounded by dozens of black people who could confirm his innocence. and he was largely prosecutedad because he hadn affair with a young white woman, which provoked people to see him as this dangerous person. he was convicted and sentenced to life without paroley the jury, and the judge overrodery the verdict of life animposed the death penalty. and he spent the next six yearsa on row for a crime he didn't commit. i got involved and was really chaenged by people who didn't think i should represent someone like that. we got death threats.ot weomb threats. there were all kinds of efforts to undermine my quest to kind of

film and then for 30. 3 of the 20 submitted by exchanging harper's which i don't believe you heard. the concept of service where there are can you tell us about these proposals of the. i don't have any information on that but i do know that the most recent round of talks in japan was not much different to the one before naturally each side of the negotiation process makes various proposals to the other side and ways to promote trade between the 2 countries and as i said japan is under pressure from the. and has been ever since the end of world war 2 following their victory the us started to put pressure on japan which had already suffered greatly from america's nuclear bombing today iran and japan are anxious to step up corporation despite the pressure and sanctions imposed by the us i don't have any detailed information about the course of the negotiating process and mutual proposals presented by president rouhani and prime minister. looks like the proposals put forward by the 2 sides serve the interests of both iran and japan see any difference between them being that japan is und

refuge to a group of politicians loyal to oust of president evo morales but libya's foreign minister harper says it was the mexican ambassador here requested more security she also says mexico will have to retract the accusations. i considered illegal fallacy because no one can file a lawsuit based on unproven facts of presumptions from the mexican foreign ministry . other political analyst we spoke to believes that bolivia's new government is trying to put pressure on anyone that supports a vote morale as every country is bound to protect i respect every diplomatic representation in every country to do something very clear under international law so that so inspects it goes correct where he was breaking the law they did not because they are trying to put pressure on a new country would support evo morales would force a point the garment. to be peeved or prevent any possibility that morales supporters not only can win the next election but any possibility of more lives coming about big trick or supported morale is because they are on the same way all related in relation to the most what is

under jub al early they will go down by harper's ferry and be held up at the battle that saved washington, a national park where the confederates cannot on here. it was a one-day thing, almost certainly the u.s. capital would have fallen except for this battle slowing down the confederates for the day. i don't know what jubal early and 10,000 soldiers would have done with washington at that time but it is a nonissue because eventually early will fall ban to the shenandoah valley where grant has had enough. he puts one of his most actionable commanders in sheridan who had a temper on him, a little guy, who is going after early's army in a terrible campaign, the shenandoah campaign where the third battle of winchester alone, seen here, will actually result in more casualties than jackson's entire valley campaign by triple. after that the union will follow up with another victory at fisher's hill and here at cedar creek seen then and now, this is the bell grove mansion. after cedar cream tek the union complete control, muchl of the military equipment and food they burned. it is known as the

a freight train crossing the potomac river near harper's ferry ran off the tracks with several emptyng into the water. the crash wiped out a section of the famous appalachian trail as well. no one was injured, and the cause is under investigation. >>> an alarming robbery caught on camera is getting a lot of attention tonight for what happened after a man stole a woman's bag. here's a woman at a shopping center in st. paul, minnesota earlier this week putting away packages. that's when the crook tried to pull off her purse. the victim's arm got caught in the strap and she got dragged when the robbers drove off. all the cash she had saved for christmas gifts was inside. she eventually got loose. she was not seriously injured. >>> there are big changes to tell you about at one of the country's premier tourist attractions. sea world has been under fire for its killer whale shows. now it's taking a different approach to how it treats these giants from the deep. kerry sanders explains. >> reporter: the killer whale show was once all about the spectacle. but,000 now -- >> r50i9 now sea worl

but see that's not what's harper. i mean i think it makes a reasonable point there is 2 fundamental differences one these forgiving somebody who has murdered 22 people in manchester and actually brutalized a community of young people on the ground they called so it's this forgiving them and then this talking about whether there were misadventures by britain in america on the tony blair and george bush into place like iraq and afghanistan i think it's wholly legitimate to talk about the foreign policy. of previous u.k. governments with people like mohammed who have strong views on dates in terms of forgiving. brady who blew up the manchester arena look as far as i'm concerned he's gone to hell and that's the end of it i don't think anybody's interested. if we say i under tony grieve with you on that but i just want to add that i totally agree with you about the fact that he's going to hell as a muslim my my my strong belief is that he's going to hell. there's no there's no point in being interested in somebody buried i

for a sri lankan online news organization based in the capital colombo nicolas helped set up news harper dot l.-k. 2 years ago. mobile phone video shows the moment police raided the offices on november the 26 and security camera recording show police what the journalists say were plainclothes i-t. specialists looking through files on their computers the police said they were acting on a complaint that the website was publishing inflammatory articles against sri lanka's merely elected president rajapaksa. the new regime everybody is you know like. them it's not being said it has not been done on. but everybody has this you know. be hanging there. and that's that's that's not a good development i thought. it was defense secretary joining the latter part of sri lanka's civil war which ended in 2009 his brother was president it was a particularly dangerous time to be a journalist in sri lanka journalists were often beaten kidnapped in prison and even murdered during the 2005 to 2015 rule of mahinda rajapaksa. government always denied responsibility and despite there being improvements in med

crucially now is they need to get the right people on board for this trade deal that someone like stephen harper the former canadian prime minister has been talking to him about getting him on board he's got the expertise that down with the knowledge doesn't exist in whitehall and so you know it's how do you deal with the e.u. what you've seen so far is negotiations is when it it's very protracted they way down he's going to have to go in with a shock and awe strategy try and get this over the line of the corba nights blame next because they will won't they that's what labor does in this kind of situation well i think labor has to make real its pledge to have a period of reflection this is so i'm almost struggling for words for the worst result for the labor party since the 1930 s. . search field tony blair's former seat going over the conservative dollar this is just seismically bad and i think the labor party needs to take time about what happens next because you know we mustn't normalize what's. just happened in the way that giles is just talking there boris johnson you know has managed to ge

casey recounts harper lee's attempt to write a true crime book and curious hours. super pumped new york times technology correspondent mike isaac examines the rise of uber. >> i think it is really about the state of tech right now and where we are with technology coverage, with how we view of technology impacts on the world. ninety, late 90s up until really, a few years ago. technology coverage, coverage, reporting was largely revering young founders and hoodies that are coding the next billion-dollar app. eating a bowl of rom and in their dorm room. mythology around youtube being the next million-dollar entrepreneur a very popular story to tell. i really think that that has changed. you are in tech, you could probably tell me. we are starting to see some of the dark side of how technology can operate. uber and people getting assaulted or murdered in their vehicles or an manipulation of information on facebook and twitter and social networks. i think that it is worth exploring the secondary effects that are not positive in tech. >> all of these authors have appeare

john brown, harper's ferry raid and other abolitionist activity helped radicalize northerners, and so it would certainly be wrong to suggest the compromise all by itself somehow was all that mattered in that decade. these other things were partly offshoots of it, but again, war would have come in 1850 without it. hi. >> i was wondering if it's tough to deal with hypotheticals, but i was wondering if you could comment on how the compromise would have been different or would have happened if james polk had run for president, run for a second term and won? fergus: wow. i have to say, i feel it is too hypothetical for me to take on. i mean, sometimes these questions are fun. that is a -- i'm not sure i -- i'm not sure i have a really interesting answer for that. i mean, i could answer it, but i like for it to be interesting. i think -- would he have won? i mean, that's one question. i mean, by no means certain that he would have won. there was huge opposition to the war, justly so. it was a terrible war, although, here we are today with the nation we are, because james polk wageed a terri

and harper's weekly. of course this is what you think will happen if the confederacy recruits black men as soldiers this is the publication poking fun at the confederacy no one knows about by confederate soldiers and here's the case for decades in the postwar period coming to terms with that narrative to help to rationalize the loss cause obviously part of that narrative is the belief they were not fighting for slavery and to preserve states rights but of course the other part that the slaves remained loyal to them throughout the postwar period with stonewall jackson and to see camp slave with the immediate postwar period you will see a black man lying down and then some african-americans including a woman it seems is cooking in the back so to be confused about the black individuals in these illustrations they were the clearest example so if you're thinking of sherman's march where the focus is on the slaves and also have slaves in the army itself. no one is confused about the status of these men by confe

david: joining us now, walid phares, president trump promises a harpe hashimoto -- harper cran but whate do. >> we have the biting sanctions that looks like some of them have prompted regime not to spend on people but themselves that triggered most of these demonstration, but regime is supplying their allies in regi region. and we have intercepted one of those shipments, we can do is use soft power inside of iran, hard power outside. soft power, bringing. hot power outside, what we're doing in iraq and syria. blocking iran from reaching eastern mediterranean. there are many things that president can do with his administration. >> there has been a court ruling by the u.n. court against the the united states and in favor of iran, saying we should give them a great deal of money, the president and his security council are not wanting to do that. do you think there is a connection between publicizing the discovery of the arm shipments, they have been repeated now, we had several of them and that court ruling? they trying to show the world that iran should not and cannot be trusted with incr

. >> reporter: detective harper felt it in his vein, something about this did not add up. >> this morningred. >> you were not and marie was not. >> i know. >> justin was. there was not a burglary in your home. nothing was taken. >> somebody came in there for one soul purpose and that was to execute him. >> someone was very personal. any rreason you are protecting somebody that you hear about that you didn't know. this is not accepted. >> they were doing their police thing and coming up with different scenarios, drugs and money and gambling and the questions kept being asked, is it possible that these things could have happened? of course, everything is a possibility for a moment. i was thinking was i about to marry somebody i had no idea who he was. >> oh, there were so many questions. one in particular that angie just could not seemed to answer. >> coming up, angie tells detectives about someone else from her past who wants something disturbing. >> that's kind of like that's a little creepy. but, does not have anything to do with the case. when "the shadow" continues. "t. female anchor:

her writing has appeared in harper's magazine and the new york times. [applause] angela is a multimedia journalist who has covered the u.s.-mexico border in mexico's interior for television, newspapers and radio and was muska -- and was mexico border chief for a major broadcasting group. she is a reporter for the albuquerque journal, and a special contributor on public radio and television. [applause] alfredo is the mexico border correspondent for the dallas morning news, where he has covered u.s.-mexico issues since 1993. he has also reported for the el paso herald post and wall street journal and is the author of "homelands" and "midnight in mexico." [applause] diving right in, i want to ask aboutquestion, cecilia, the place you come from and the connection it has for you. because you and i share something. we are both descendents of people who arrived a long time texas.what is now your family used to control padre island in south texas. tell us about that and how it influences your coverage of the u.s.-mexico border. we don't have any of that land. i