the limited role for average voters in funding complains hasampaigns has limited function. my colleague adam will be joining us later in the program to describe some of these effects. one of our partners, dan smith is also here today to tell us about some of the specific candidates who have been affected by the current role of money in our politics and even given current limitations on campaign financing we can find unique ways to solve these problems. thank you very much. >> thanks. so they say give yourself a minute a slide. if everybody can promise not to blink for next five minutes i think we'll be fine. we looked at spending in senate races. the reason we looked at the senate is because it has been up for grabs in all three elections since citizens united. that tends to increase outside spending. what did we find. the story is outside spending has increased. in fact candidate spending, spending by spending by a tiny number of wealthy donors who can afford to give in excess of the contribution limits that karen was talking about and dark money is playing a bigger role w