hbcus are no exception.leges and universities have all kinds -- of all kinds and need to ask questions, including those about financial accountability and viability. one thing we must know is that the government intervention oftentimes does more harm than good. this is especially true in education. we must encourage all institutions in higher education, including hbcus. we must become more self-reliant and more accountable. reliance on the federal government for funding is inherent -- inherently unstable. while we fully support these institutions, we must develop sustainable funding mechanisms on their own. we must ensure their longevity. this goes for hbcus, as well as all other educational institutions. that is often the case -- money is not the answer. it does not address the underlying root causes of problems that face higher education. these colleges and universities often receive a tremendous amount of aid. in 2019 alone, congress provide hbcus with other minority serving institutions, it funding strea

non-hbcus. to fulfill our nation's promise of higher education for all people, all children, congress must provide hbcus with the resources and support they need to combat systemic under funding and discrimination. since march, 2020, congress has secured more than 6.5 billion in hbcu funding, including 5 billion in the covid relief, and 1.6 billion to forgive capital financing laws. these historic investments provided emergency aid to help students access essentials like full housing and allow more than 20 hbcus to erase students' debt, and just last month, our committee advanced its proportion of the build back better act which included over 30 billion in higher education investments that will benefit hbcus. these investments are critical step towards addressing decades of systemic underinvestment. however, let us not forget, we recognize that we still have a long way to go to correct historic, historic inequities in hbcu funding. thanks to these pivotal institutions, we can all benefit from th

at hbcu's. i think that each one of those elements, they have a positive to it that will make them feel that they will develop. >> thank you so much, dr. glover and i apologize for going over, madam chair, i yield back. >> this is a wild hearing. [laughter] >> okay. and next. >> yes, ma'am, yes, madam chair, i am prepared to ask my questions. >> thank you very much. according to data from your office, the cohort default rates of 13.4% and in 2018, the highest and nearly twice that of the national average for schools. i note that these are higher than for propriety institutions that they continually demonize as failing their students. i know that students tend to rely on the higher rate, but that should not impact their ability to repay back these loans, especially since today, we've heard so much about the high percentages of professional people that graduate from hbcu's. so could you comment on that, please? >> yes. as we look at the demographics of the majority of students attending hbcu's, we

hbcu is still recovering. and with that education funding with the 2008 recession disproportionately affecting the campus the proliferation and the funding policies to disadvantage with those disparities even worse and additionally the endowments held are less than one third theuc size of those house of private non- hpc you. and that congress must provide hbcu with the responses in the support that you need to systemic underfunding since march 2020 and then and one.6 million for capital financing. and then to help students make food and housing to allow more than 20 hpc you to you a student debt. and just last month as part of the build back better act and of those investments. and the czar critical. and decades of systemic underinvestment. and you can have a long way to go to correct historic, historic inequities. and we can all benefit from the contributions of such luminaries. and that h model. and thurgood marshall. that even the vice president harris. we must observe and protect hbcu for the next generati

a all attending hbcu's migrate grandfather so i'm very closely e associated with the hbcu's.make a comment about the gentleman from indiana about what sounded like if we hadn't taken up the bill the reason we hadn't taken it up is the higher education bill we've considered in the last two or three years has included a provision so his views are well taken as indicated in the last couple of years with support for hbcu's can you compare the funding the last year and a half and what you are able to do with of the money? >> [inaudible] the second round there is a rescue plan with 115 million so that number is 11 million infected by the pandemic with housing and go home all of a sudden so we have to provide the aligned learning in that way. then this fall and this semester we are most appreciative with emergency funding. >> i'm going to ask you a question to respond on the record and that is what can we do tont increase endowments. i don't have much time to get a coherent answer to that question, but if you can provide that for the record, i would appreciate it because that is one

hbcus are.ust want to be clear that hbcus have always produced in this area, but they have been devalued. less patents are given out to s.t.e.m. graduates, less investment into the graduates. we could do so much more if we saw investments in those institutions and the graduates they produce. >> thank you. i want to do a follow-up on that. as i meet with business leaders across the country -- this is a moment in time when many businesses are looking for -- to diversify their workforces. i hear a lot of them talk about they can't find people in s.t.e.m. and particularly in engineering. what can we do to promote those graduates and make sure that employers are looking at our great hbcus for the employees they say they are having trouble finding? >> one of the things -- i don't know if you can hold people accountable to this. when employers say they can't find black workers in the s.t.e.m. field and particularly in the south, they clearly don't have a relationship with hbcus. in places like alabama,

at hbcu's rely more on student loans than white institutions, dr. some numbers, 80% of students borrow money to attend college, 55% student borrowers at none hbcu's, a quarter of hbcu's have loan of $40,000 or more compared to 6% of nonhbcu students and there's difference of average median loan debt of $12,000. meanwhile all colleges and universities received allotments under the care act but, again, hbcu's have funneled the money directly to the students and again yours is a no strings attached and you ask that they use the money to be good stewards and you pointed out that the graduate students said they are very responsible. what's some of the feedback that you've gotten from some of the students? >> clearly the students were overjoyed and many of them didn't quite know how they were going to deal with the emergency loans and other considerations that they had and so i think for many of them they were so grateful for this grant from the department of education and that's really what it is, it's the emergency grant of the student to help them deal

and an essay about hbcus was a focus on alabama explores the financial and security reasons why black schools were often move from prime locations in town to roll places or resource sites such as hills. he notes the hbc included the land-grant did not receive the same level that they support in the south as their white counterparts. for the benefit of land-grant universities, land-grant universities in the south did not benefit like their white counterparts. in general they were much more underfunded, alabama anam in 1891 to move out of town had to be dubious at best. other hbcus a&m located their campuses where they will be less likely to confront those with uncomfortable with their mission educated black folks. the in the olmsted firm became involved in alabama a& as part of a statewide initiative. as alabama college building program. according to the national register of historic places registration proposal, the olmsted brothers conference a plan for the university of landscape scenic drive, walkway, plazas, walls, building sites and they had to report to indicate that this is the

the hbcu i attended and 98 other hbcus were in low access areas. according to a study published, one of the causes of this research study, i was surprised to learn so many hbcus are in low food access areas. in may of 1969 president nixon addressed congress with a message that according to a magazine report exposed problems. he promised to revamp the food stamp program. they made that worse and by 1974 the united states was experiencing a full-blown food crisis. in 1984 president reagan's task force infuriated committee activists -- community activists. here we are today given a food crisis that would cause a young student to fail a class because they had to choose between paying rent or buying food. today college students are having a rough time. many of our students work full-time jobs because they are not receiving enough grant money to cover the cost of their tuition. they do not have the luxury of having enough to eat. enough time to study, get adequate rest. i started the allen university food pantry in 2019 when i was hired as the minister o

and some of the addressing at hbcu's are as follows. increase the amount of pell grant monies to offset of rising cost of college tuition. establish an emergency account to pay for living expenses, rent, utilities, food, incidental expenses that might pop up unexpectedly. our university has a cooperative agreement with bus transportation to allow our students to ride the city bus free anywhere throughout the state and show their student i.d. many of our students are from rural and low income families where many of their family members also face insecurity, food insecurity, conduct a needs assessment to make sure that food insecurity problems are not only on campus to return to their respective home townes. can be set for nonprofit in the area. and lastly, improve the financial well-being of students by teaching them financial so they don't have to or forced to work full-time jobs, debt situation. thank you for your time and for bringing national attention to this important issue. thank you very much. i'll now yield to dr. powers. >> tha

thurgood marshall was an outstanding jurist, and an hbcu graduate. he did just fine, so i think it is fine for us to diversify the court. not just as relates to gender, but as it relates to color as well, and as it relates to backgrounds and experiences. and it would help to have somebody from the south. clarence thomas was born in the south. he has never identified with the south. she is a woman raised in the south, still does service in the south. she would bring a unique perspective to the supreme court if for no other reason than to let people know there are a lot of southerners who are african-american and who are real southerners. >> biden has definitely heard your call for a black woman to be on the supreme court, but one of the things he actually said shortly after justice ruth bader ginsburg died was that if he were to be elected president and he had to go through a nomination process, he would want the input of democrats and republican senators who are going to obviously oversee this confirmation process. because he doesn't want it to becom

. >> i think the idea of starting a golf program at a hbcu would turn a lot of heads.e been around golf courses for a long time. there are some amazing, impactful moments in my life that were on a golf course with people from all walks of life. but kind of the unsung culture of black and minority golf perspective that it's rich and it's alive, but it's not as well-known as it should be. that, to me, i felt like would be an amazing moment to make a huge splash in terms of people asking the right questions and asking that specific question. if i can get kids to go to howard base opened a golf scholarship and tell that story to younger generations and say, this is where you could end up, and this is what we're going to do to help you get there, i think that made the most sense. obviously, the work that goes into making generational change and impact through that lens. >> he is such a gentleman. watch the entire conversation with steph and his mission on race in america, the conversation this sunday at 9:30 right on nbc sports, right after dubs talk live. he walked the tal

dixon visited harris university, an hbcu in st. louis. of course, we know our individual efforts will not be enough. we need institutional growth to achieve our goals and so we've taken the following measures -- across the i.c. we've empowered advisory offices and the i.c. chief human capital council to focus on these issues. i.c. elements are collaborating in joint outreach in underrepresented communities to reach more candidates. the i.c. centers for academic excellence program is being strengthened to increase our reach with more formal marketing, university engagement, recruiting strategies, and coordination with i.c. elements. we've also formed new partnerships across academia, industry, and government with organizations like the american indian science and engineering society, a national nonprofit focused on increasing stem involvement for inthe distinguished gentleman from news peoples of north -- indigenous peoples of north america. and a direct connection at top-rated h.b.c.u. -- hbcu's. and we are not only focusing on colleges a

we debuted him last month at an hbcu bowl game, and the crowd went crazy. years to come. thank you all. guys, back to you. >> love it. it's a great program. yes, mickey is on the yard now. tracey will appreciate that. janai, thank you very much. >>> we have another great program. fourth and fifth graders competing in the martin luther . it happened over the weekend. students delivered speeches inspired by martin luther king. here are some of the highlights from dallas. >> the question was asked, how dr. king assess our progress in achieving his vision for america. >> the heart of the people is the heartbeat of the country. >> i feel like we're taking baby steps towards success when we should be taking giant leaps. >> racism is one of the biggest problems in the world right now, and it really shouldn't be because there's only one race, the human race. >> dr. king envisioned the world of love, not hate. >> and he constantly said not to go backwards, but forwards. >> dr. king wanted all people to enjoy the benefits of equality. his vision isn't too difficult t

the appoint hire again is that hbcu presidents and leaderships were defending resources that they wereport a disproportionate number of individuals who pursue post-secondary degrees, credentials and certificates in this country. what we should be talking about are two things related to this. it's the responsibility of governments at every level to be doing more to subsidize public education. we should not be paying for education, public education in particular in the richest country in the world. i am someone who has worked hard to amass a considerable level of educational privilege, i completed a ph.d.. i'm also a millennial who heard the lesson that if i work really hard, college should be free. and so right now while we have so much around what we have known traditionally and have accepted about the ways in which public education works to support social disorder in this conversation, we should be having honest conversations about the value of public education, the cost of public education and institutions have a responsibility as well: i want to lift up wade state university. it's t

that's one of the things that she actually does when she talks about the things that she's doing for hbcund other communities in mississippi these are the things that the republican party need to talk about in addition to pushing back against biden's government overreach. i think the american people are beginning to realize it wasn't just the women they were sold in 1973 with no engine. steve: what is it even worth karl? that will be even interesting to read i don't think we can run out about comparisons showing how the regime is turned out to be. thank you both very much, don't thank you both very much, don't go [engine humming] [clapping] “we will rock you” by queen ♪ the new gmc sierra with hands-free driving offers the most advanced and luxurious pick-up in its class. ♪ yeah, it rocks. hi. i'm shannon storms bador. when we started selling my health products online our shipping process was painfully slow. then we found shipstation. now we're shipping out orders 5 times faster and thanks to shipstation's discounted rates we're saving a ton. honestly, we couldn't do it without shipstatio

that's one of the things that she actually does when she talks about the things that she's doing for hbcund other communities in mississippi these are the things that the republican party need to talk about in addition to pushing back against biden's government overreach. i think the american people are beginning to realize it wasn't just the women they were sold in 1973 with no engine. steve: what is it even worth karl? that will be even interesting to read i don't think we can run out about comparisons showing how the regime is turned out to be. thank you both very much, don't go not only do centrum multigummies taste great. they help support your immune defenses, too. because a healthy life. starts with a healthy immune system. with vitamins c and d, and zinc. getting out there has never tasted so good. try centrum multigummies. - [narrator] gift yourself a hairclub consultation and get 20% off your personalized hair solution. head into the new year with life-changing hair solutions. not forgettable resolutions. hairclub. love your hair. live your life. at university of phoenix, we hav

that's one of the things that she actually does when she talks about the things that she's doing for hbcund other communities in mississippi these are the things that the republican party need to talk about in addition to pushing back against biden's government overreach. i think the american people are beginning to realize it wasn't just the women they were sold in 1973 with no engine. steve: what is it even worth karl? that will be even interesting to read i don't think we can run out about comparisons showing how the regime is turned out to be. thank you both very much, don't go away, we'll be right back. r ? (naj) because as a fiduciary, it's our responsibility to always put clients first. (other money manager) so you do it because you have to? (naj) no, we do it because it's the right thing to do. we help clients enjoy a comfortable retirement. (other money manager) sounds like a big responsibility. (naj) one that we don't take lightly. it's why our fees are structured so we do better when our clients do better. fisher investments is clearly different. (vo) subaru and our retailers v

a hearing on federal funding for historically black colleges and universities known as hbcus.will hear about the news regarding infrastructure, financial aid and facilities. the congresswoman of florida chaired the hearing. the subcommittee on higher

and actually the only graduate from hbcu, and then kruger, harvard graduate who's been on the conferencereme court for a little bit. we have four black female nominees very interesting candidates. i think inside baseball for suggesting it might be brown because she was elevated and we will see. i do think judge hall up in brooklyn. >> todd: is there anything in the list at the top people in jurisprudence or in their writings that really concerns you? >> look come i think what you can expect from this administration, something that fits the mold appear they are looking for a sound liberal to replace stephen breyer. i think what conservatives are going to want is apply the law fairly in the case before them. so i think we are more likely to see support of people who have a background that they feel like they can trust. and these judges have been on the district court before so they have a long record of trying cases that include judge brown, judge chai old, the judge hall pier that will be the debate. the actual cases they decide and for those judges a significant history to look back on.

and 4-year-olds going to school, the things in there for equity, community violence intervention, hbcutant, things the president put in the bill in the first place. and so we're going to continue to fight for them. >> i've got to ask you, the president said, listen, yesterday that he's been in washington. this came up when he was talking about voting rights. and he said i've been in d.c. i've been out with the people in a long time and i had to do that. in this environment with covid obviously there are some obstacles when it comes to that. when does he start doing that, and how does that happen? what does that look like, cedric? >> well, i think it's exactly what he said. it's him out in -- outside of the white house, outside of d.c. interacting with people. we all know one thing that president biden and vice president harris are our best messengers. and to the extent we've done phenomenal things in the first year, they're the best ones to amplify the things we did. and i think that getting outside of d.c. will help us do that, so we can explain to people we've cut child poverty in ha

there are a number of hbcus and institutions out there and the more we reach out and bring them in, iecomes. i had a bill passed out of committee and i i think the chairman for that support inee e nda not getting it out of the senate and now the home and security acquisition professionalri career and its training programs in these institutions mentioned for our workforce and i wonder if you would chime in on the importance on having a qualified diverse special, things we need to keep our country safe. >> thank you very much for the question, it is something we've been working extremely hard at. one thing i am proud of, the workforce 47% diverse and higher than 38% even if you take them out, we're still 40% of diverse, hispanic population is at 22%. 35% went occupation such as my own were up to 48%. we have 31% representation, veterans are up 26% and we've maintained these ratings so we have put a tremendous amount of effort into recruiting and making sure speak talent and putting effort into making sure the development programs raise up everyone within the department so they are ready

you've seen hbcu using arpa funds to cancel student debt because this is a racial justice issue. black borrowers who 85% borrow. we're five times more likely to default. the president has the authority given to him by congress, by the stroke of a pen with executive action, he can cancel broad-based student debt at $50,000 and he needs to do it. we need to deliver and alleviate this hardship for people. that has been game changing for families and also for forgiving student debt for veterans, for disabled borrowers, for those participating in the public service loan forgiveness program. we're very close to getting this thing done. just do it. and rev, it's a great honor on dr. king's birthday to be with a righteous troublemaker like you. >> i like that, righteous troublemaker. thanks for the plug. thank you, as always, congresswoman ayanna pressley. >> joining me is attorney general keith ellison because of the prosecution of former police officers derek chauvin for the murder of george floyd and kim potter's manslaughter conviction for the death of daunte wright. i was in the mid

, college presidents and other academic leaders from liberal arts colleges, research universities, hbcus, and safe space institutions. we met virtually over the last year to hear from other college presidents and faculty about solutions that have worked on their campuses. these are not dry issues. they are about navigating the practices that sustain knowledge such that every member of the community feels welcome. a few words about the center. the bipartisan policy center is a washington think tank that strives to bring security and opportunity for american families. we are the only organization registered in the district of columbia that has the word bipartisan and its name. we are working with leaders to prepare the next generation to be bipartisan leaders to forge compromise. >> what do you do with an idea? test, share, open it to criticism, refine, implement. now, freedom of expression is losing ground at colleges, where students should be exposed to ideas and think independently. it is this spirit that helps us progress. that is why the bipartisan policy center is working with univer

when national figures, democrats, come to town and do the traditional choreography of going to the hbcus and not going to the suburbs. going to the suburbs is a place that would rattle the cages of the republicans here because they have an opportunity to make serious inroads here which will of course lead them in a different direction as far as what we've seen with the governor's race. >> is stacey abrams a little more immune from that disappointment among those that care about voting rights because they don't view her as disappointing them, they view it as washington? >> i think she's had so much success nationally and with getting people to vote with her movement, that i think she has been somewhat teflon-free of losing to brian kemp. you don't hear much of that. at least publicly, you hear in atlanta, atlanta metro and georgia as well, around the country as well, you hear about her great success at getting people to the polls. . >> you bring up something that hasn't been mentioned historically, rematches, it's a tough thing to do, but you're right, she does not have that scent of, quo

there's a number of hbcus, hispanic serving institutions, our veterans -- the more we reach out to them and try to bring them in, the stronger we become. i had a bill that passed out of this committee, passed the house and it was in the ndaa, but now we have to get it out of the senate.it is called the homeland security acquisition professional career program act and it codifies training programs in these institutions i mentioned for our workforce. i wonder if you could comment on the importance of having a qualified and diverse professional supply for the things that we need to keep our country safe. ms. bailey: thank you for the question. it's something that we have been working extremely hard at. one of the things i am proud about is the dhs workforce is 47% diverse, and we are higher than the governmentwide average of 38%. often i am asked about, what about the tsa and cbp, but even if you take them out we are 40% diverse. our hispanic population is at 22%, women represent 35%, and in our non-leo occupations, we are up to 48%. in the ses, we have 31% women representation. veterans a

>> appreciate the question, i had a great meeting with the consulsik representing hbcus a month or so ago and we talked about the opportunities within rural development. first order of business is to make sure is thede understanding of the extraordinary scope of the programs we have at usda and encourage greater collaboration. we are beginning to see a number of products and resources provided $21.8 million provided on 58 projects to try to expand their reach into the community and will. continue to look at 2501 funding and ways in which we encourage both hbcus and other cooperators to provide technical assistance in connection between underserved communities and producers and usda. we've recentlyov t announced $75 million of resource under american rescue planon to create that bridge, thought connection between producers and usda and look for expansion of that cooperative effort. our inner cs announced 50 million initiative, over 118 cooperators contracted to provide information and assistance in terms of conservation programs. rmaia extending $7 million to expand outreach so people

department of defense with the personnel and writing on how do we have better outreach to various hbcus, msis and as undersecretary cisneros stalks about hispanic institutions too to ensure we have the right outreach there, the right social ways of engaging with these individuals. so we have a concerted effort going on within the pentagon. welcome the opportunity to come back and brief you on that sir. >> certainly. lastly, wrapping up. how are you -- for example, pita is designated by many as a hate group. and there are people. the southern poverty law center. >> i think their process is very flawed because you have one or two people making a designation as to who is and who is not a hate group when they really have an ax to grind with certain individuals. do you discriminate against someone who has a religious affiliation and that religious affiliation or their belief system may have very destructive views as it relates to blacks and jews and their origin stories. do you discriminate amongst them even though their affiliation isn't necessarily listed amongst hate groups. do you comb t

there are a number of hbcus, hispanic serving institutions, our veterans out there, the ones we reach out to them and bring them in the stronger they become, i had a bill that passed in the committee and i thank the chairman for his support of t passed the house, it was in the aa that we approved but now got to get it out of the senate. it's called the homeland security acquisition professional career program act and it codifies training programs in the institutions i mentioned for our work force, i wonder if you can comment on having a diverse, professional, supplying things we need to keep our country safe. >> yes, thank you very much for the question. it is something that we've been working extremely hard at. one of the things that i'm really proud about is that the dh work force is actually 47% diverse and in fact, higher than the government wide average of 38% and often i'm asked if, you know, what if, that's because of tsa and cdp but even if you take them out, we're still 40% diverse. our hispanic population is at 22%, women represent 35%, and in our nonliable occupations such

and institutions, this legislation would promote cyber security education and introduce granted to hbcus and msis and help build a more diverse work place, mr. welds and mr. fordron, how important is it to bring diversity into the cyber security work force? >> i think diversity is very important, makes that team harder to beat than any other team bringing diversity to the table. i think that investment is very important. >> i think cyber security is largely thought of as largely a technical problem, and we often say it's really a problem-solving challenge and we need people who are effective at solving problems and the more people and diversity we have looking at those problems, the better we're going to be at solving them and bringing there the right solutions to the significant risks and challenges that we face in this area. so we are working hard, as i mentioned, this is one of the top priorities for the director at cisa is to expand our work with hbcus and minority work institutions and reaching out to communities that have never been priorities for engagement in the cyber security s

several hbcus were receiving bomb threats this week as well. times, nothing new to those of us used to this level of violence, we do have to defeat it. thank you so much for your always very necessary expertise and you will be back on the "cross connection" many, many times. >>> coming up next, new york is turning up the heat on the trump offspring. we have the legal lowdown. offspring. we have the legal lowdown. in-wat boosters keep your laundry smelling fresh way longer than detergent alone. if you want laundry to smell fresh for weeks, make sure you have downy unstopables in-wash scent boosters. [copy machine printing] ♪ ♪ who would've thought printing... could lead to growing trees. ♪ - [narrator] every three minutes, a child is born with a cleft condition. could lead to growing trees. without surgery, some will die. those who do survive face extreme challenges. operation smile works to heal children born with cleft conditions. we need you. there are still millions in dire need of healing. go to operationsmile.org today and become a monthly

he was an hbcu grad, he went to brown university, and his faith was a huge part of his life. faith that might surprise those of us who didn't really know him personally? >> again, you always ask the best questions. i love that you brought that up. i talked to reverend calvin at andre's church home where he invited me and my son. his faith was everything to him. i was very deliberate, tiffany in the picture that i put of andre with my son who i cherish, obviously, and i don't like to just put every image of him out, but this meant something because we see so many images of andre, this grand individual and these big garbs and flowing through the red carpets of celebrities, but the man at the church holding that baby with the church program, that's andre, and that's the friend that i mourn and i grieve. i love the beautiful images of course of him with celebrities and on vogue and all of that, but at the end of the day, the first thing that i thought about was that day where he pushed moses in to church in his stroller so proudly and waited so eagerly, not for me. he waited eage

i know everybody loves to see you here, you were also president obama's former director on hbcu yufrmenteen to talk on -- to speak about affirmative action in the consideration that it takes on college admissions. this guy successfully gutted voting rights. he is part of that initial initiative. its not untronl think that affirmative action could be gone in college admissions. what is the long term impact if it is struck down by the supreme court? >> yeah. and i'm also director of education for the naacp and we released a statement saying we were disturbed by this development in the supreme court. the estimates are that the black population at harvard university could drop to half if this with tore go through. and one thing to -- that's important is that these are highly qualified students. the students have statistically been identical in the graduation rates to asian and white students. they have a -- the black and latino students at harvard university have a 96% graduation rate. so for them to target this group and after the federal investigation operation varsity booths which expose

we're working closely within the department of defense for readiness on how we have out reach to the hbcus, msis to ensure we have the right out reach there, we have the right social ways of engaging with those individuals. we have a concerted effort going on within the pentagon. >> lastly, wrapping up, how are you -- for example, pita is a designated as a hate group. the southern poverty law center i think their process is flawed. you have one or two people making a designation as to who is or not a hate group when they have an ax to grind. something with a religious affiliation may have a discrimination against blacks and jews. how do you make that determination? do you comb through someone's social media and they had a position a few years ago? >> i'll speak for the department of defense. we're spoking on behaviors than group representation. if someone is a member of a group, that may not necessarily indicate they are actually doing things that are detrimental to our mission. we're focusing on those behaviors we're concerned about and less than what somebody's past affiliation with a gr