developed over centuries which was very much concerned to mitigate extremely violent passages in the hebrew bible. we all have vie violent passages because we're violent people, and the muslim world, too, nobody just picked up the koran and picked out a few passages from jihad and ignored the rest. this caution of reading the scripture in the lying of all this tradition actually held extremists' opinions at bay. now, why there is so much terrorism in the muslim world now? because i said earlier, mouse limits have had a much more difficult passage to modernity than we have. number one, they were a great world power. they were -- when the british and the french came in and subdued them in their empires, they were reduced overnight to a dependent block, and that humiliation goes very deep, and humiliation is often a huge cause of violence, not just in islam but in other parts of the world. a sense of shame and humiliation. a very dangerous thing to have loose in society. secondly, as i said earlier, secularism has been imposed so violently that it's acquired a -- of evil and every fundamentalist mov