. >> after overcoming the doubts of his colleagues, he arrived in helsinki keen to cut a figure betweenwest. [ speaking foreign language ] >> both sides believed they had the agreement they wanted. >> the soviet union and the warsaw backed nations did not recognize that the human rights provision was a timebomb. we, the united states believed that if we could get the soviet union and the warsaw packed nations to respect human rights, that was worth whatever else was agreed to in the helsinki accords. >> 3, 2, 1, zero launch command. we have liftoff. all engines building up thrust. >> thanks to detente rockets could point the way toward co existence rather than war. >> tune in this saturday for the next episode of cnn's landmark series cold war, the u.s. tries to warm relations with china and the soviet union, while paris peace talks aim for an end to the war in vietnam. that's on cnn, next on cold war at 2100 in you are in berlin. >>> still to come, the long and winding road from africa to the u.k. and how the last step across the channel from france can be the hardest. and france's for

and time lines of the convergence of integrations would make a real contribution in the topic of helsinkiplus 40. a discussion free from ideology so that not only members of nato but all countries in the region including ukraine, moldova and georgia would experience equal and indivisible security and would not have to make a false choice of with us or against us. dividing lines must not be allowed in the era of globalization these lines could turn into a ward shed divide between the west and the rest of the world. no one has the monopoly on troops, and no one is now capable of tailoring global original processes to their own needs. there is no alternative to the development of consensus regarding the rules of sustainable global government and circumstances with full respect of the curlture and civilization of the world and multiplicity of model. it will be a difficult and tir tiresome task to achieve on the issue, but the recognition of the fact that democracy is the worst form of government also took time to break its way through until churchill proclaimed its verdict. the time has come

charter, the 1975 helsinki act, paris charter. i argue this is an unforeseen and new security environment, and therefore, one has to hold on to certain provisions. it does not mean we have to give up the whole act, but certainly when an agreement in certain parts can no longer hold, well, then, it's time to make a change. i mean, the nato-russia founding act has been violated by russia. we continue to support the vision of that document, but its substance has changed dramatically, and i'm confident that all of nato's actions are and will be conducted in accordance with its international commitment as an allian alliance. >> the circumstances clearly have change, and i think this will be a topic of discussion in wales. beyond the issue of that particular document, our top priority has been to make sure that there's no ambiguity when it comes to our article 5 commitments to our nato allies, and as a consequence of the rotations that have been increased, the presence of u.s. troops in the course of those rotations and additional nato

the helsinki process helped intellectuals and political dissidents in the soviet union. most unfortunately, those brilliant people who are in government right now in the united states did not think of a similar model for the nuclear negotiations with the islamic republic of iran, maybe because it was not a priority, maybe because they had no recollection of how things were done in the cold war period. and that, of course, is very, very unfortunate. i totally agree with dr. ledeen. just look at iranians. iranians are successful in every place in the world except inside iran. and this tells you something about the system which is called the islamic republic. >> i would say briefly there's something that you can do on a personal level and then on the more diplomatic and national level. a few weeks ago my organization advancing human rights relaunched movements.org which links dissidents from dictatorships to people around the world with skills to help them. it's like craigslist for human rights. thousands of dissidents from 92 countries just in the first few weeks have come

would be -- the trouble for the airlines would be airlines leaving from london, frankfurt, paris, helsinkiing towards asia. >> yes. the big destinations that will be affected are china, hong kong clearly, japan, and korea. they're the main destinations that will be affected. >> if a ban kicks in, what options would these airlines have? what sort of routes would they have to take? >> they would have to fly much further south and that will extend the journey time. for some aircraft, it may mean it goes beyond the length of flight that they can take, so they might have to land, which will add extra time. alternatively, some of them might look at going back the way they used to fly, which is over northern canada and stop at anchorage, but that makes it a much longer journey. >> so a longer journey, more fuel, more time for the passengers. but if the airlines are burning more fuel, more cost to them. the passenger ends up paying do you think higher ticket prices? >> i would expect that airlines will try and get higher ticket prices but this is a very competitive market. but where some airlines

charter of the 1975 helsinki act, the 1990 paris charter. i would argue this is an unforeseen and new security environment and therefore one has to hold on to certain provisions. does not mean we have to give up the whole act but certainly when an agreement in certain parts no longer hold, well then it's time to make a change. when the nato russia founding act has been violated by russia. we continue to support the vision of that document, but it's substance has changed dramatically. i am confident that all of nato's actions are and will be conducted in accordance with its international commitment as an alliance. >> the circumstances clearly have changed, and i think this will be a topic of discussion in whales. beyond the issue of that particular document, our top priority has been to make sure that there is no ambiguity when it comes to our article 5 commitments to our nato allies. and as a consequence of the rotations that have been increased, the presence of u.s. troops in the course of those row indications and additional nato allies wh

congress in the wake of the helsinki agreement had required the resident ambassadors of each country write annual reports on the human rights situation there. mainly as a method of pressuring their governments, not as a means of informing congress. and the report that negroponte wrote for nicaragua after his first year there was a relatively benign report, largely because he did not want to imperil aid to the honduran government. these reports were rather new at that time, and they were rather strange to most diplomats because the normal function of a diplomat is to get along with the government to which he is accredited, not to write annual public critiques of it. and in other parts of the world they were more dramatic problems involving human rights reports. it was a battle royal between richard holbrooke as assistant secretary for the far east, and the assistant secretary of the human rights during the carter administration about what the human rights report for china should say. and holbrooke took the view that we are attempting to improve our relations with china after a long la

charter or the 1975 helsinki final act in 1990 paris charger.d argue this is an unforeseen and new security environment. and, therefore, one has to hold on to certain provisions. it does not mean we have to go through the whole act, but certainly, when an agreement, in certain parts no longer holds, well, then, it's time to make a change. i mean, the nato/russia founding act has been founded by russia. we continue to support the vision of that document, but its substance has changed dramatically. and i am confident that all of nato actions are and will be conducted in accordance with its national commitment as an alliance. >> the circumstances clearly have changed. and i think this will be a topic of discussion in wales. beyond the issue of that particular document, our top priority has been to make sure that there's no ambiguity when it comes to our article 5 commitments to our nato allies. and as a consequence of the rotations that have been increased, the presence of u.s. troops in the course of those rotation and additional nato allies, what

this is a crazy idea if we're going to have any kind of support for the helsinki process, any kind of opposition of the soviet union on political grounds. we can't abandon the support for democracy. he said there's a better way to do it than going around and harassing individual governments and that is to work on systemic change. so we produced a memo. and gave it to the deputy secretary judge clark, a very inegg mat k man. never said much. but he took it. he must have taken it to his best friend the president of the united states. came back a couple of weeks later saying we want to keep the bureau. help me with some people who can run it. i think it was a good institution that was important to save. when george marshall became secretary of state, he both created the policy planning staff as a way to produce planning. and he did something that tends to neutral lies the policy planning staff which forgive me for saying this. it's the state secretary. they see it as their job to protect the secretary for uncoordinated recommendations hence the idea of private advice to the secretary bec

we should emphasize the significance of the helsinki agreements in re-establishing the legitimacy anduniversality of the rights inscribed in the 1948 universal declaration and let's remember what that declaration affirmed. the right to life, liberty and the security of person. the right of every person to equality before the law. the right to be free from arbitrary arrests. the right to be free of arbitrary interference with privacy. the right to freedom of movement and travel. the right to own property. the right to express one's self freely. the right to enjoy social security, gainful employment, educational opportunity, and a minimum standard of living. those are the fundamental rights that had such wide appeal to the peoples of east berlin, east germany, eastern europe and ultimately the soviet union. second, i think we should emphasize and celebrate the attractiveness of a social market economy, not a free enterprise economy. indeed, it was the print principleses of the social market that were incorporated into the law of the social market that were incorporated into the law cipl

concerning the helsinki process, how realistic it is, i think some parts of it can be imposed on iran. if the u.s. government genuinely takes spread of democracy, prop oh gags of democracy as a model very seriously, that so be tied to the nuclear negotiations. this is one of the issues that we really need to talk even more with obama administration about. we also need to make the leaders in iran understand that a democratic transition, a slow democratic transition would even be in their own interests. because a violent turnover of the regime and the system would be much worse for the entire system, for the country, and for the current ruling elite. we are witnessing a gradual maturity among large parts of the opposition. particularly in the united states. where even those who are victims of the regimes abuse human rights. for political prisoners. those who have lost family members, they say we do not want revenge. we do not want revenge, we want justice. justice is different than revenge. there are those who genuinely are talking about south africa model. those who say that keep even

if we're going to have any kind of support for the helsinki process, any kind of opposition to sovietn political grounds, we can't abandon the support for democracy. he said there's a better way to do it and going around harassing individual governments, and that is to work on system change. we produced a memo and gave it to the deputy secretary judge clark, a very enigmatic man if he ever had to deal with them. it. never said much that he took it, he must have taken it to his best friend president of the united states, came back a couple weeks later saying we want to keep the bureau. help me figure out some people who can run it. and i think the rest is history. i think was a good institution that was important to save. when george marshall became secretary of state a both created the policy planning staff as we've been long range strategic plan and he created i think something that tends to neutralize the policy planning staff, which for those of your veterans, forgive me for saying this. it's state secretariat. basic as the job to protect the secular from uncoordinated recommendati

. >> de de helsinki, por allÁ de noruega. >> de dinamarca. >> ademÁs traemos nuevas canciones, nuevaselleza, bienvenidas, imagÍnate, todo el mundo te estÁ aplaudiendo, saliste en la portada de "siempre mujer". cÓmo te sientes? >> estoy muy feliz porque represento a las latinas jÓvenes en estados unidos. (inglÉs) >> ella estÁ nerviosa, obviamente, pero muy contenta con la oportunidad, siente que le abre la puerta a la mujer latina, se siente orgullosa de representar a la mujer latina de hoy en dÍa, viene de padres latinos y se ha criado en el paÍs. me gusta que en tu revista exalten de la mujer latina que viene a cumplir sus sueÑos, ella estÁ estudiando, que bueno que le dan la oportunidad a chicas normales. >> sÍ, esa era la idea, una chica normal pero tambiÉn una mujer con sustancia, querÍamos buscar la nueva generaciÓn de la mujer latina en estados unidos y alexis no representa muy bien, el hecho de que ella haya sido nacida aquÍ, y se sienta mÁs cÓmoda hablando inglÉs, demuestra lo que estÁ sucediendo, las nuevas generaciones que hablamos. >> quÉ sentiste cuando llegaste a la sesiÓ

. >> de de helsinki, por allÁ de noruega. >> de dinamarca. >> ademÁs traemos nuevas canciones, nuevas trabajo, tengo que parar un poquito, tengo que hacerme un espacio, pero... la verdad es que me gusta mucho trabajar,y han salido cosas muy interesantes. >> parece que ha habido mÁs presiÓn por parte de sus amigos y de la prensa que por voluntad propia. >> si el bebÉ llega, yo feliz y encantada de enterarme que estoy embarazada, pero tampoco estoy buscÁndolo, y sin dejar de hacer nada, estoy trabajando a la par, y si llega pues feliz, tampoco lo estoy buscando, digÁmoslo asÍ como me decÍas. >> no te estÁs cuidando? >> no, ahora sÍ que a ver quÉ pasa. >> paletta,no tiene planes de hacer televisiÓn, quiere seguir trabajando en cine. >> creo que el trabajo habla por uno, y las acciones hablan, y estoy en un buen camino, tengo varios aÑos ya apostÁndole a otra cosa, y voy por buen camino, he hecho cosas que me satisface mucho personal, y profesionalmente, entonces estoy contenta por eso. >> wow, quÉ bella. >> estÁbamos hablando de eso, precisamente. >> yo tuve la bordura debe trabajar con