when i came to a plant in 1960 my friend henry sawyer recalls it was a different kind of place. it was nothing like it is today. in many ways, we can go through all of that. is a totally different place. even before that, think about, be honest. whiff it was a pretty racist place some people did not have opportunity in that you have great opportunities here. not perfect, nothing is perfect but things only change if we come together in spirit and collaboration and i'm glad this is a school of public policy that also focuses on nonprofit organizations because i think that is really important. if you think about what i call the five or six great problems of the world, poverty, health care, energy and the environment, education, job creation and global peace. there is a reason why those are such intractable problems. there is no one single solution. to solve even a small piece of one of those problems we have to collaborate. is going to require-- there is no corporation in the world, no government in the world large enough to solve any one of these problems by itself and i think we