the hippocampus turning short term into long term memories was stunted, and the emigulo all were stunted leads researches to cognitive disorders, antisocial behaviour and worse. we are see true tangible effect of living in poverty. >> when we do the research, are we talking about environmental factors, the places where poor children live, or the nutrition they get for the stimulation that the environment provides. what is it that we are measuring development. >> in this particular case, what made that study stand out is it was scans of children followed over a long period of time, but didn't take into account environment factors, except they were living in poverty. results were consistent. when you think about the broader questions - nutrition, exposure to trauma, violence, the ripple effect of poverty, science is just coming to grips with. a study of maryland area found half living in poverty experienced severe depression, compared to mother among 14%. instead you have a jump of 35%. that when you have a mum who is depressed, and the center of the family, it ensnares kids into bad stuff