booknotes, we've only had hobbes mentioned once. >> guest: well, hobbes is so--sort of the primal conservative in the sense that hi--he came--comes before locke. and his notion was that if we're not impressed by fear, that we will be at each other's throats; that man is by nature acquisitive and greedy and--and aggressive and ambitious and will take away his neighbor's property if he can possibly get away with it. and, therefore, when we climb out of a state of nature, we make--this is--again this philosophical fiction--we make a kind of agreement to give up our freedom in return for which we get protection. and i don't think hobbes cared terribly whether oliver cromwell or charles ii or whoever was ru--running england, as long as it was run as--as not--not a libertarian and believed in--in f--that fear keeps us honest. c-span: now you--you--james madison came in second, but you only mentioned him on one page. >> guest: well, because our--our section did not read the federalist papers, but there were other sections that did. and i think, by the way, that since these--the--the idea of these cou

as disgruntled activists target boards and trade hobbs in an effort to hamper a financial giant goldman sachs that as police continue a relentless crackdown on the movement's activities. taking the plunge again russia's third richest man announces his second attempt to and her politics by running for president. and as brock obama celebrates the end of the iraq occupation of rocky's point to the devastated infrastructure and unstable government american troops are leaving behind. ranjit saying ha ha was any is a bastard to iraq in the one nine hundred ninety s. and he's analysis of the u.s. troop withdrawal from iraq is simple washington will still try to control the country's rich oil reserves are just british writer caught up with him in new delhi . president obama has announced the united states will definitively end the war in iraq at the end of this month but as the united states attempts to get the military personnel and contractors out of the country questions still remain about the implications of this decision for security in the region joining me to help discuss this is the for

relationship from the get go which adventurously became an affair both parties would like to forget that's a hobbs of seeing a v.p. we're going after each other for years the russians represented by a r. and the brits in b.p. what have gotten a divorce if this were a marriage their irreconcilable differences involve this over the company's corporate governance and strategy but any business is just like a marriage if there is a money at stake that sometimes keeps parties together but when ross north came into the picture and seduced b.p. they are one said revenge b.p. wants it to partner up with russia's oil major and the share swap and explore the russian arctic they are said any deals made the russia should go through the peat they took them to court and froze the deal there was a way out b.p. could include sank a v.p. in the project but rosneft refused and the deal went belly up while each side was blaming the other over the failed deal rolls never found someone new and that was exxon mobil this new couple is now seen as a powerhouse that will not only develop oil and gas reserves but also open

as this grand old activist target boards and trade hobbs in the finds of a real landless police crackdown. taking the plunge again russia's third richest man announces his second attempt to products by running for president. and as barack obama celebrates the end of the iraq occupation iraqis point to the devastated infrastructure and unstable government american troops are leaving behind. eleven am in moscow you are watching our t.v. arena joshie welcome to the program now some of the largest yet i'll get by protests have erupted across america paralyzing its west coast from the block port of oakland to the shipping hub of seattle thousands upon thousands of disenchanted occupy movement activists have taken to the streets in defiance of a police crackdown our correspondent janet should count as more from washington d.c. seattle police used flash bang grenades to disperse protesters who blocked an entrance to an order yeah don't go so what he always said multiple people have been arrested they did not specify how many of those those protests were part of a national effort to block the way

arab league observers into the country to monitor the regime's dealing with the unrest the league hobbs threatened to ask the u.n. security council to take action unless damascus gave the green light let's talk about this new significance and go to beirut based political analysts campbell was looking at some of them from beirut the eye there i mean it took so long for damascus to allow observers into the country will this step a change of in terms of resolving the conflict in syria do you think. well obviously syria took the brave step today because allowing those observers said from the beginning those observer are well come to see and witness what is taking place in syria especially there is terrorist as the syrian chemical stories are going to stop if i may just stop you said it took the brave step can you outline why you use that. because you have to remember syria is an independent dependent country has its own sovereignty and those those initiatives by the arab league they want to frame it in the first place on the sovereignty of syria and they strengthen syria and they apply econ

values of the enlightenment as articulated by john walk in john jack rousseau and even arguably thomas hobbes and certainly by franklin roosevelt. benjamin franklin and thomas jefferson and james madison we seem to have forgotten how to win wars consistent with those kinds of values with those and lightman values but george washington understood this at the battle of trenton for example he'd captured a thousand has sions these were german mercenaries base and he ordered his troops to treat them in accordance with the values that this new nation it was not yet even a nation actually was fighting for then the battle of princeton washington sent this order to his troops in regard to how to treat british prisoners of war he said treat them with humanity and let them have no reason to complain of our copy in the brutal example of the british army and their treatment of our unfortunate brother and who have fallen into their hands is the fact the matter is the british army when they took american soldiers as prisoners they would torture them many of them died being tortured they would indefinitely d

and after the house vote came in, hobbs said his two eyes and had two was a domestic policy adviser, who are the seven sons of who voted against my bill? [laughter] so he expected a victory and he got one. this is a controversial bill, a very divisive ability so that his 395 to seventh and 90 to four vote. so at this point he's trying to sell it in congress. and this is a point at which the kennedy round had really gone. can he run to some successful because the congress to amend up passing the legislation needed to enact. so there would not be a trade agreement until april come to strauss sadr be foolish to wait for the final product to be in china. as the white house presented billowed peony special legislative path introduced by the trade act of 1974 to which the didn't want the bill was to congress commander changes could be made. no deals can be cut, no minutes adeno filibusters permitted. so stress his team included congressional staff and coming up with legislation. he wanted there to be no surprises. i am not a full stress is bad before the house ways and means committee in 1

thomas hobbes, 1651, families he said in a state of nature the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. 100 years later john jacques cousteau of countered that in the state of nature nothing can be more gentle than man in his primitive state. both of these men were pontificating from the armchair. neither of them knew anything about what life was like was like half the state of nature and today we can do better. there are two methods to measure death rates in nonstate societies. one of them is forensic archaeology, a kind of csi. namely what proportion of prehistoric skeletons have found violent trauma such as bastions goals, decapitated skeletons, arrowheads embedded in femurs, fractures on older bones, the kind of fracture you get when you hold up your arm to ward off a blow, and mummies found with rope tied around their necks. well unfortunately, this space will not accommodate visuals but i have a graph of 20 prehistoric archaeological sites in which archaeologists have tried to estimate the proportion of skeletons with signs of violent trauma. they range from 0% to 60% a

hobbs lately, but he talks about without having -- and this was in the leviathan written in the 16th century -- he said that without having some sort of force that can impose order and underwrite security, there will be no commerce, there will be no arts, no letters, no society. and which is worst of all, continual fear and violent death? in the life of man solitary, poor, nasty, brutish in short. and if you want a more updated, modern version of that quote, i'm going to quote president obama when he accepted the nobel peace prize, and i quote: i face the world as it is and cannot stand idle in the face of threats to the american people. for make no mistake, evil does exist in the world. a nonviolent movement could not have halted hitler's armies. negotiations cannot convince al-qaeda's leaders to lay down their arms. to say that force is sometimes necessary is not a call to cynicism, it is a recognition of history. the imperfections of man and the limits of reason. so i think that is the number one thing that the u.s. military does, is to give us the basis upon which to have a civil

he referred to the fact that after the news of the world's he suggested that hobbs there was less on her voice will allow us to reverse. march 22nd and it the community recommendations appears low blow. given the importance of who the lead out of the story in this series seven pitbull. >> there are a lot of -- to you after question about how you did nothing to mention? >> well, i said, the most important thing, i think, in the mini- is that we get to the truth to these allegations as quickly as possible, and that the that the sewer culpable of that, if that turns up to these true, should paid and that just a program "but also the character's sister lee uses of. so i am very mindful that have to be careful what i say because where arnelle. the fact is the suggestions that his voice low was intercepted by someone working for "news of the world" was unknown to me, is a report to me, and that's all i can tell you. for several press alone but further tried to understand the fact that there was a specific preference in the story. i am prized. i fully accept. >> but just to accept that,

i guess they call them dead white males now, plato and hobbs and edmund burke.e courses i took later where i read contemporary things, you know, i've forgotten all this stuff. but i read this book, "reflections of the revolution of france," and i just hated it. and i reacted so strongly because it was telling me things that i now think were true but i just didn't want to hear. so my violent reaction against that book was sort of an important moment in life. >> host: we're getting a lot of e-mails. a couple of quick ones, first of all, from dee carnahan who lives in california with regard to shakespeare, do you think he wrote the plays? >> guest: i do. you know, a lot of people don't, there's been a movie out based on the supposition he didn't write it, but i am not an expert on this, but i defer to those scholars who think he did, and i, by the way, we have shakespeare theaters here in washington, d.c., and i had a chance to tour the archives, the basement room. and they let me see his, shakespeare's deed to his house. and what they did in the old days, they cou