hoover. >> richard smith, why kdid you call your book you wrote 35 years ago, uncommon man? >> it's taken from the title of a relatively famous hoover speech about the uncommon man. you remember vice president henry wallace, who was the second of fdr's vice presidents, gave a famous speech in 1942, maybe '43, about the common man. and wallace, from the left of center, perspective, was projecting in effect the goals and am birgss of the generation that was fighting world war ii. it wasn't enough to simply beat the nadzis, but to create at home, a true democracy. a place where the common man would finally come into his own. and hoover approached this from a different place in the political spectrum. he was in effect making the case for what we might call ameritocr a acy. i shouldn't paraphrase it. when you get sick, you want an uncommonly skillful doctor. when we go to war, we want an uncommon uncommonly able general. you get the picture. the advances in society were brought about not by common

and he asked hoover, and basically gave hoover a choice, and hoover picked the commerce department, which in those days was, perhaps, the least important department in the cabinet. well, of course, hoover being hoover, soon there were cartoons portraying hoover as secretary of commerce and under-secretary of everything else. and he did rub a lot of feathers because he use - well. he created something out of what was there, the federal radio commission. radio is regulated because hoover started it. forerunner of the fcc. and from the outset, he was certain that he did not want a bbc type arrangement. he did not want - he wanted government to regulate the industry, but he didn't want government to run the industry, with, you know, enormous repercussions ever since. the first airfield in washington was hoover field, over where the pentagon is now. he took - he wrote zoning regulations that could be adapted all over the country. he promoted the construction of new housing with standardized products. i mean, sounds kind of dull, but the fact is, something - hoover was an engineer. he thought l

hoover. hoover field. it's over where the pentagon is now. he took -- he wrote zoning regulations that could be adapted all over the country. he promoted the construction of new housing, with standardized products. i mean, sounds kind of dull, but the fact is -- i'm trying to think. hoover is an engineer. he thought like an engineer. he ate like an engineer. in the white house, it was famous, no state dinner could last more than 60 minutes. and he once eight five courses in 13 minutes. in the 1920s, he called his son into his office one day, his son, who was -- he was herbert clarke hoover. and he was herbert clarke hoover jr. and he said, you mind dropping your middle initial. and he said, no, but why. and he said, well, i have to sign my name hundreds of times a day if i don't have to. i mean, you've got to get yourself inside that kind of brain in order to understand both hoover's accomplishments and his lamtations. >> how long was he commerce secretary? >> he was commerce secretary for ei

and it was hoover wit.he said, "i've never met an american parent who is proud to have their son or daughter called common." and it's an interesting - you know, it's an interesting outlook. >> so, in any event, it seemed to me that it applied to hoover more than anyone else. hoover said, "when all is said and done, accomplishment is all that matters." which, when you stop to think about it, is a rather unsentimental - the sort of thing you would expect an engineer to say. and that's one of the keys to understanding his life, his success in everything but the presidency. >> as we continue our series on the presidency, go back to the beginning of herbert hoover. where did he come from? where did it all start? >> his life began in august,s to me, such a window on his later shortcomings, if you will, as a politician in particular. he remembered as a boy sitting in the stark, cold, barren meeting house that the quakers used in west branch. and his feet didn't even touch the floor. and along with all the adults,

our partners for the third thursday program are the hoover presidential library museum, hoover historic site, west branch public library, and the hoover presidential foundation. today's speaker is craig wright. craig is the supervising archivist at the hoover presidential library museum. craig's talk will be "travels with dad, lou's 1921 cross-country trip." craig: thank you for that wonderful introduction. thank you to everyone for tuning in and checking out this video. i am here to talk about lou henry hoover, one of my favorite ladies from history. i started learning about her 16 years ago when i began working at the hoover presidential library. quite a woman before her time. lou henry was born in waterloo, iowa, march 29, 1874. she was very close to her father, who was a bookkeeper at the first national bank. for most of her young life, she was hoping she could go into banking as well. they were extremely close, until he passed away in 1928. she had a younger sister, jean, who was born on june 30, 1882. her mother, florence, developed chronic bronchitis, which caused the family to m

our partners for the third thursday program are the hoover presidential library museum, hoover historiclic library and the hoover presidential foundation. today's speaker is craig wright. craig is the supervising archivist at the hoover

it was herbert hoover. why hoover? hoover comes in march of 1929 -- by the way, herbert hoover always gets a bad rep. he was really a very, very brilliant man, has -- much of europe after world war i, comes to the white house. he's in office since march. and then in october of 1929, the stock market crashes and the great depression begins. one historian wrote that herbert hoover came to the white house poised for a grand job of building, and instead he was obliged to catch. he was pretty unlucky. harry truman used to say that herbert hoover did not create the depression. the depression was created for him. but it didn't matter. he couldn't help the united states from push out from the weight of the depression and he lost the election in 1932 to franklin roosevelt in a landslide. ok, so understanding that luck would have this effect for certain presidents, again, it's the same thing for donald trump. he did not create coronavirus, but he is dealing with the effects of it. and you know, we've been living through trying t

it was really hoover prosperity, and hoover promised to go forth with the policies of the last eight years. so he and his supporters saw smith's progressive agenda as a threat to their new era. 48 hours later, smith responded to herbert hoover's indictment. the socialism charge was an attack with which he had been grappling his entire career. so these charges invited the governor to review his progressive credentials. so he did. take the workmen's compensation act, he implored his boston listeners -- what was the argument against that? because it set up an insurance company under state ownership and state operation, it was referred to as socialism. take the factory code, take the nightwork law for women, the law prohibiting manufacturing in the tournament, or inhibiting the working of children in the tanneries, that great factory code of new york designed to protect the health and welfare of the men, women and children in the last 25 years has been referred to as paternalistic and socialistic. well, al smith vigorously agreed with at least one of herbert hoover's assertions that each

it was really hoover prosperity, and hoover promised to go forward with the policies of the last eight years, and so he and his supporters saw smith's progressive agenda as a threat to their new era. 48 hours later, smith responded to herbert hoover's indictment. the socialism charge was an attack at which he had been grappling his entire career, so these charges invited the governor to review his progressive credentials. and so he did. take the workman's compensation act, he implored his boston listeners. what was the purpose of that? because it was a state operation, it was referred to as socialism. take all the factory code, take the night work law for women, the law prohibiting manufacturing in the tentenemen the law prohibiting children working in the tanneries of the state. that was designed to protect the health, welfare of women and children referred to as socialistic. herbert hoover agreed that each candidate's proposal should be taken seriously and that the contradiction, in hoover's words, signalled in the american people a question of fundamental principle. so smith not onl

the triumph of herbert hoover.

hoover. she works with us.now both halves of the hoov - hoovalons. >> if you warch archie bunker from queen, then you get an idea who's actually sitting in the white house right

herbert hoover. that's a long time ago. joe biden and garrey peters kno the key to a strong economy is

herbert hoover. that's a long time ago. joe biden and gary peters know the key to a strong economy isn't cutting more taxes for

hoover, that's a long time ago. joe biden and gary peters know that the key to a strong economy isn't cutting more taxes for

it's hoover, he should be comparing himself to.he start of the great depression and he was in denial of it. his messaging was in denial of it. he said it'd be a quick turn. wound up costing him the election. is that a better point of comparison? >> i think it is because the great failure for trump was not taking that national -- he called himself, at one point, a wartime president. and what that would have meant is mobilizing all the national resources you have. defense production act, not just respirators and not just ppe but perhaps making sure that schools are safely reopened, the money it would take. making sure that businesses can come back. making sure that there is rapid testing. and what hoover was unable to do was he didn't think it was the federal government's responsibility to deal with the depression. it should be individuals. it should be private and charity. it should be local and state governments. when it didn't work, it was fdr who assumed responsibility, even as governor of new york, he said it's my responsibility

republican herbert hoover. though to be fair to herbert hoover, he was a fascinating bio, he did great things before his zis sass strous presidency, but the great depression is a pretty darn good press kent. we haven't featured a catastrophe since hoover. when trump was painting a rosie picture, they gave a private briefing that fueled a market selloff and that was to none other than the hoover institution. herbert hoover's disastrous stewardship did not give him a ground swell of support. i don't think the 17 point differential is possible anymore. lord knows what will happen in the next two weeks. lord knows if the polls are right. right now it looks like donald trump like whoever before him is driving both the country and his electoral chances off a cliff. want to start with the reporting is yasmine whose title is a great piece of reporting. can you tell me about the roll atlas plays which does seem to be in total crisis right now? >> sure. what we've found is since atlas arrived since the late summer, he's

than hoover but just positioned differently. hoover has his own job, wilson has a different place in the fermament. and he's thinking long-term, the long-term political requirements to, in his view, stem the revolutionary tide, restore order through reform, through more accountability. but it doesn't surprise me at all that they were -- there was overlap in their thinking. i don't know if you would call hoover a progressive, but there certainly are some shared aspects in that thinking. >> ladies and gentlemen, please join me in thanking dr. erez manela. ♪ >> "the contenders," about the men who ran for the presidency and lost but changed political history. four-time governor of new york and the first catholic presidential candidate for a major political party al smith. the contenders, this week at 8:00 p.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span3. >>> "the presidents" available in paperback, hard cover and e-book. from public affairs, presents biographies of every president, inspired by conversations with noted historians about

his four page summary is in the collection of the herbert hoover

the event's hosted by the hoover institution. >> pacific affairs, david r. stilwell, who is joining us from tokyo today and will address the theme of today's session, covert, coercive and corrupt, counterrerring chinese party malign influence in free societies. following his address, he will engage in a conversation with two leading china scholars, orville shell and arianna movstro. but first, it's my pleasure to introduce condoleezza rice. >> i'm delighted to open this session of our project at hoover on chinese sharp power. and i especially want to welcome assistant secretary of state for east asian affairs, david stilwell. this project, i think, is one of the most important that we're engaged in because we face an extraordinary challenge can with a rising china. ever since dunn shoo punning -- dunn shaw ping brought china out of its isolation and where we recognized the people's republic of china, where we had come, eventually, to a one-china policy, continuing our obligations to taiwan to help it defend itself, but really with an expectation that with th

first on herbert hoover and also on woodrow wilson. herbert hoover was secretary of commerce before he was the 1928 nominee, and woodrow wilson, the point about whether he was serious about a third term in 1920. >> well, i'm just writing the biography of calvin coolidge. i'm in the period when wilson is ill after his stroke and wilson and wilson's crowd thought about a lot of things, but it was clear to the party that he couldn't be the next president. so that's a little bit of a different category. we didn't say roosevelt was secretary of the navy, we said he served the secretary of the navy but we appreciate the caller's precision. >> indeed. >> and james is joining us next from stanford, north carolina, go ahead, please. >> caller: i just wanted to comment that in the fall of 1940 wendell willkie did a whistle stop tour through florida. and i happened to be western union trainee at melbourne, florida, he came through and he was on the rear platform of the train and there were about a crowd of 50 or 60 people and i had the opportunit

taft, hoover, do we. and there people or was he to reasonable arrived in the party to engage the leaders the way a veteran republican politician would have? >> professor madison, you're shaking your head no. i don't think he got a kind of support he wanted or deserved in the conventional politicians. a little -- it comes from the senator from indiana, james watts, who said on hearing of wilkie's nomination, it's all right if the town prostitute wants to join the church. but she shouldn't be asked to sing a solo on the first sunday. wilkie was an outsider to senator watts, he was an outsider to many of the professional republican politicians. they never ever trusted him. they never got behind him. >> to go back to that speech and indiana. just north of where we are here. he said, you republicans. how did that resonate within the rub humble can base? >> some of the notice that they were called you rather than us, we. because he wasn't a republican hero tip prior to that speech. he was a democrat. >> charles

i've just become director of the hoover institution. but frankly, the time off the road, not on airplanes, allowed me to it make a pretty smooth transition. so all in all, the hapless keeping in touch with friends and family by zoom or by text, it is really quite okay, it is quite okay. >> 2020 has been, and i have to say first of all it sounds like you're working hard in the ever in their being modest about it. i know everyone i know feels like they are. this has been a year, literally like no other. first and foremost x .6 million americans have been infected with covid, almost 200,000 americans have died. another 700,000 people of lost their lives around the world. size the united states a blow to the u.s. economy, tens of millions of americans out of work, many people going hungry. the racial injustice of george floyd, while fires right now across the western united states, deadly reminder of climate change. then of course as we are here to discuss, the interruption of education. and questions about this fall's election. as if we di

herbert hoover won 36 districts, al smith won 8. miss mirissippi mississippi, alabama, georgia, south carolina, massachusetts and rhode island. we have another question here from our audience. hi. >> two questions. if you were to grade his governorship, what letter would you assign to it? and the second question is, as the first catholic presidential candidate, did he help how the country viewed religion as a factor? >> let's take the governor question here and the religion question there. >> i would give governor smith an "a" because he faced a tremendously uphill battle. new york was a republican state at the time, and as i mentioned, he had a very tough time dealing with the legislature which was overwhelmingly republican. in fact, in 1920, when they expelled the socialists, i never understood why because they had 110 republicans in 150 seats, and it didn't really matter when it came to the votes. i would give governor smith an "a." he created so many things, as i mentioned, the executive budget, the short ballot, meaning the sho

we saw pictures of your wife doing the hoovering. times have changed. your current wife is now your news editor, isn't that right? cheers, lady pamela. she is very good. tracking the progress of women. at this station. kevin, what was it, obviously it was something about deke that caught your eye. what is your radio station like, how is he making a contribution? we are unusual. deke group ata contribution? we are unusual. deke group at a time when it was fast paced and there was a lot of craft. notjust paced and there was a lot of craft. not just playing paced and there was a lot of craft. notjust playing music, there was a lot associated with it. in our case,

herbert hoover won 40 states. smith won eight. louisiana, alabama, mississippi, south carolina, massachusetts, and rhode >> two questions, if you were to grade him what letter would you assigned to him. and the second question is, as the first catholic president did he help how the country viewed religion as a factor. >> i would give governor smith an a because he face -- 1920 when they expelled the socialists i never understood why because they had 110 republicans out of 150 seats so it didn't really matter when it came to the votes. but i would give smith an a. he created so many -- so many things, the budget, the short ballot, to stop voting for six or seven statewide offices and have some appointed. are and the port authority in new york and new jersey was one of his authorities, a bi-state authority. he had a lot of interesting things. >> john evers? biggest failure of smith? >> some of it might be that he overthought things. >> i think from a political science point of view public authorities were something he wanted to deal

the court sided with hoover.mong the various things that the government did during the war that no administration had double for was to fix rental prices. in october, although hostilities had ceased, much of the federal government remained on wartime footing and congress established a commission to regulate property rights in the district of columbia. the size of the government had expanded enormously during the war to the creation of new agencies and expansion of the old ones hundreds of people was working for the war industry board, nearly all who have come to washington from other places. based on the complex shop of financing the war, they also hired on hundreds of people and again, most of them came from out of town. fáhomebuilding practically stopped not only in washington, but around the country as a government took all building materials to erect the various training post needed to turn civilians into soldiers. the capital led many landlords to raise the rent to a point that government workers cannot affo

herbert hoover was pushing this. he said republicans should declare the principles of free enterprise and become the conservative party in the sense of conserving triple liberalism. hoover said that because he was still [bleep] off. he wanted to reclaim that term which fdr had preferred. frank jenkins, newspaperman, said how is the republican party to consolidate sentiment and defeat the radical new deal? he answered, by embracing free enterprise. glenn frank who was an important figure in republican circles, president of the university of wisconsin and hopeful for political office who tragically died in an accident. in 1943. you can see how thoughts were changing about the possibility of realignment from what he said between 1933 and 1940. in 1933, he said hope for a conservative party and they had into the waste bucket. by 1940 he said "we may be heading into a different situation because of the extreme liberalism of the democrats." that is getting a little ahead of the story which starts with the free enterprise b

and trump is so terrible he makes hoover look like gandhi. hoover was someone with empathy. he had done a lot to get food to people at the time of world war i and he was actually considered a pretty progressive republican. in donald trump's case, why did he cut off those negotiations today? the nice explanation is he did it because he wants to be able to blame it on democrats in congress. the not nice explanation is a lot uglier, which is that tyrants through history when they're turned out by the people, they say if i'm not going to be the leader, let them suffer. >> right. >> sampson pulling down the temple. i hope that's not what this is, but i'm not sure it's not. >> there is a real question, too, about president's condition and what the implications of that are. i'm sitting here thinking -- we're watching the president tweet. those tweets are official statements. if the president were to tweet an announcement we were moving naval ships into the south china sea or some aggressive military action against some state, that would be read as a president. i don't know, is the

what was exciting about willkie was he went to hear herbert hoover and could not bear that hoover would hog the nomination. yet again, hog the party. he said, let it be someone i have met and heard about. in that way willkie was, grassroots. he, himself, was not of the grass entirely. as an attorney gone up. he was chosen by people who were revolting against the party. the other names were "the party." willkie came in as somebody different, not who we expected should -- not who we expected. >> he retired and an exciting man. i think for many people, it was none of the above. it was the perfect atmosphere for a newcomer an outsider who promises and looks very different from the republican standard of the late 1930's. >> what was the state of the democratic party, amity shlaes, and franklin roosevelt and his support in 1940, eight years after the new deal at a time when most presidents would step down? >> tongue-tied because roosevelt's victory, 46 out of 48 states in the preceding election was so hard to get, past. even as the party was beginning to get past it, this idea of having a thi

we have herbert hoover on the other side. in terms of prosperity, as you might imagine, both of them are running in favor of prosperity. the problem for al smith is that you've had eight years of republican rule in the presidency by that point, first warren harding and then followed by calvin coolidge. and the republicans have a leg up on the prosperity front. you've had the 1920s. it's been a boom decade certainly for wall street. although less for farmers and agriculture agricultural at that point. that's our second "p." and the darkest part of this election and why it was one of the most vicious elections in history is the third "p," the question of prejudice. and al smith, i think most americans today are probably more familiar with john kennedy as a catholic candidate. even in 1960, that causing real stir, a real set of questions about the presidency, but al smith raised all of those questions much early in 1928 which already had been a decade that had been seized with a lot of questions about immigration, immigration re

back to the hoover study. it's very important, done well. you're going to get crushed. you will lose jobs and gdp and your family income. you know, did you look, under the hood of the gdp today, you're talking about 41% increase in consumer spending, 59% housing. business investments 70%, automobiles up 1200%. >> laura: they claim that's only because, larry, the economy was so in the toilet in q2. that's the only reason. i'm telling you that's their spin because they have to spend it. >> i understand that's their spin. let me get my point of view out. i'm saying that not only do we have this remarkable rebound across the board but now inventories are going to explode. businesses have to build inventories. business have to build housing to meet all these demands. that inventory rebuild, empty shelves right now, it will drive this economy up by five or 6% in the fourth quarter and probably the same about next year and will probably reach parity, recoup our losses by the late winter, early spring. it's a remarkable recovery story. it is a v-shaped recovery story and the pr

we haven't faced a catastrophe since hoover. bungled this badly. when he was painting a rosy picture of the virus the trump administration gave a private briefing on the virus that fuelled a market sell off. to the hoover institution. disaster great depression didn't result in a ground well support. he lost his election race. by 17 points. it was a landslide. i don't think a 17 point differential is possible anymore. lord knows what will happen in the last two weeks. it looks like trump is driving both the country and the electoral chances off a cliff. i want to start with that reporting about scott atlas in the "washington post." one of the reporters responsible for it. the story she coauthored. coronavirus surges. it's a great piece. tell me about the role that atlas plays in this task force which really does seem to be in total crisis. >> what we found is since atlas arrived in the late summer of the pandemic. he has consolidated power over the response. had says things and advocates in line with the president. and what the political advisers wa

the hoover guys come down on pretty much negative impacts. side of the equation is the spending. and what you heard jason say spending is great. spending is great and with the hoover guys say the kind of spending in there. clean energy spending, healthcare spending and look in detail will that stimulate the economy? the short answer is no. if you put unsometime lative spending and taxes you get a bad outcome. >> sandra: to doug's point you talk about spending as you just did a moment ago. what we've heard joe biden propose and raising taxes in a really difficult economic environment right now. would that really stimulate a struggling u.s. economy? >> yeah. sandra, my kids are in middle school and they learn to assess sources based on whether they're trusted sources or not. the hoover study you are pointing to is done by a bunch of very political people. it's not surprising. >> sandra: tell us what they got wrong. >> i can point you -- not just the moody's study. goldman sachs not typically very friendly to the democrats and the two things the

the information from the hoover meeting meant little to us by the 24th." so listen to david tepper and what he told jim cramer ter vate very begin of february where the super bowl was and aired on our network on february 3rd. here's david tepper speaking to jim cramer. >> you have to be careful. it may be a game changer you have to be cautious. two weeks ago before the virus was unthione thing and it's a different environment. it is what it is >> by the time that memo, whoever it was relayed to him was brought up, he was already on top of the virus from the time he saw that lancet article in january and started acting as such in terms of how he would be positioned >> i agree and i've written on tepper's position a couple of times it was a conversation that the ceo solomon that made solomon feel worried about what was coming and looking at contingency positions for goldman sacks. tepper was one of the cautionary vi voices on coronavirus. i don't know the complete story between tepper and this gentleman, it may be why they were dialoguing in the first place.

hoover. who works with us. it's her great grandfather. >> i know both halves of the hoover-lon. margaret hoover and john avlon. >> if you watch archie bunker from queens, right, then, you get an idea of who is actually sitting in the white house right now. it's that kind of mentality. or you think he may represent that sort of -- what do you think? >> here's what i think. i think that this election is tough to call because it should be all pandemic. however -- however, there is a parallel dynamic of this president seen as an agent of people's animus, their fear, their outrage, their humiliation, their distaste for the elites and the system. and i coin the phrase from the movie "snatch." when one of the characters says, do you know what nemesis means? the righteous infliction of retribution, manifested in the appropriate agent. that's what trump is. he is their animus. he is their virus, inserted into the political corpus, to make it sick and change. >> that part. that part is true. but, listen. i think that elite word. i wouldn't give too much for that elite word. what is elite?

on c-span2, the hoover institute hosted discussion on china's relations with the u.s. at 6:00, president trump holds a campaign rally in rochester, minnesota. days before election day, senator lindsey graham and his democratic opponent jamie harrison debate. 7:00coverage begins at p.m. eastern on c-span. holder, former attorney general under president obama, and former house speaker, newt gingrich, join "the washington post" to discuss election day. mr. holder discusses voter suppression. mr. gingrich discusses the race in georgia. this is 40 minutes. good afternoon. i'm bob costa, reporter from the washington post. welcome back to the post lives daily show. we launched this show yesterday so you could have up-to-the-minute election news every day at 1 p.m. eastern. today, i will be joined by former house speaker, newt gingrich, who is a strong supporter of president trump. in just a minute, i will be joined by former attorney general eric holder, who has been working on redistricting for years now with president obama and he has been advocating for democratic nominee

on c-span2, the hoover institution with a discussion on china's relations with the u.s. trump holds adent campaign rally in rochester, minnesota. >> joe biden took his campaign to tampa, florida thursday where he held a drive-in rally with supporters. this is 25 minutes. ♪ >> good evening tampa bay, make some noise. come on, tampa bay, good evening. my name is chloe. until november 1, my middle name will be chloe vote early. i am grown up from tampa. i have lived here all my life. i helped to integrate this close -- the school system here. you heard congresswoman castor talk about that. i worked in the court as the very first black provision and parole officer for judge as edgecomb. i have dedicated my life to lifting up this community. i am a wife to my childhood sweetheart. i am the mother of three wonderful children. i have my son out here, ernest, jr. i am a grandmother to three beautiful grandkids. i am known as the woman that wears many hats. you know if you know me in tampa, i love my hats. it is because i have worked to serve tampa however i can. i am really prou

in 1932 americans voted to oust hoover and elect franklin d. roosevelt. shift in the electoral map represented an american people who were reevaluating the role of government in their lives. >> the end there. re-evaluating the role of government in their lives. ken burns, do you see a similar moment here? we are in this polarized age and people think big statements from the american people. can't happen any more when we are locked into a map that looks like this. do you see in this pandemic an economic fallout a moment like that? >> of course. because i think americans are always willing to shed those labels, those party descriptions in favor of what seems like better leadership and because we have a pandemic that is out of control, it suggests that you have the possibility maybe not for some seismic or tectonic shifts but certainly enough to move the needle one way or another. this is a conversation about those maps that you love and how they have changed. the herbert hoover in '28 won with african-american support and that is who supported the republica

what hoover does is kind of the difference between humanitarian aid and political change. hoover is worried about revolution and he says we will feed these people, and stem the tide of evolution temporarily. but wilson is thinking long term political requirements to stem the revolutionary tied. it does not surprise me that there was an overlap in thinking there are certainly some shared aspects in their thinking >> we join me in thanking doctor erez manela watch tonight beginning at eight eastern and enjoy american history every this weekend and every weekend night on c-span. contenders". >> i come here i come here tonight knowing that i'm the underdog in these final weeks. but if you know where to look, there are signs of hope. even in the most unexpected place. even in this room full of

ae hoover institution hosts discussion with china and its rations with the u.s.sident trump will hold a campaign rally in rochester, minnesota. >> four days before election day, lindsey graham faces his democratic opponent in a debate. the coverage begins to at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span. washingtonk's journal has been focusing on key data ground states this year. analysts on the ground, examining what h

herbert hoover is one of the people pushing this. he said, republicans should declare the principles of free enterprise and become the conservative party in the sense of conserving true liberalism. and hoover said that because he was still pissed off that he felt that roosevelt had stolen the very good term liberalism, which is how he described himself, from him and so he wanted to reclaim that term which fdr had perverted. a newspaper man, frank jenkins in oregon in 1938 said, how is the republican party to consolidate conservative sentiment and defeat the radical new deal? his answer was by embracing free enterprise. glen frank, who was an important figure in republican circles, president of the university of wisconsin and hopeful for political office who tragically died in an accident, i think, in 1942, you can see how thoughts were changing about the possibility of realignment from what he said between 1933 and 1940. '33 he said, hopes for a conservative republican party and a liberal democratic party have gone repeatedly into th