i'm pleased to introduce our first witness general richard hol howley. military leaders for kids, which is a nonprofit, nonpartisan national security organization of hundreds of retired military officers committed to strengthening future generations through smart policies. during general howley's military career he served in a variety of command and staff position in the united states and overseas, commanded a group winged number air force in two major commands. his assignments as a flagstaff officer included duty as the air force director of operations during the first gulf war, commander u.s. forces japan in fifth air force. principal deputy sandt, secretary of the air force for acquisition and commander united states air force in europe and allied air forces central. welcome. our second witness is mr. thornton, president of the national parent-teacher association who is a senior operations analyst with general dynamics in fort stewart, be georgia. he is a retired united states army lieutenant colonel and last two assignments were with the white house