. >> host: page 264 you write the history of humankind is at least as much about cooperation as it is about conflict. can you give an example of that? >> guest: well, the book is full of examples of that. i suppose the general point i was seeking to make in saying that was that conversations across the boundaries of identity are at least as important as conflicts based on claims to identity which are often, i think mistaken and so rather than give one particular example issue think one of the points that's the book tries to argue nit last chapter on civilizations is that in a post-samuel huntington world, we're invited to believe that the world is driven forward on the basis of civilization's clashing. and that assumes we can -- their relationship is antagonistic. seems to me on the contrary it's difficult to -- that i think is a hopeful thing we ought ponder and the relationship of civicses chancer yeted by conversation and interaction and feeding off each other. >> host: you define six areas or categories of how to divide humankind, religion nation class, gender, race, and civilizat

we had globalization for long time and perhaps, globalization started with the history of humankind.ut anyway, a phase of globalization, which was negotiated one, the western bloc. the united states and central europe and japan. associated also with the military arrangement that was one partner. the united states alone, but the united states with its european and japanese alliance. under that, we had the soviet union. [indiscernible] china, which had a degree of independence whether it's internal choices of development or international politics, that was clear and became more clear and clear along with [indiscernible] no less important, out of the conference in 1955. celebrating the anniversary this year. coming out of it, we had the movement of nonaligned countries, which established the one hand, a political [indiscernible] between most nations and states and africa on the one hand, and on the other hand, the reestablishment of the group that was a pattern of globalization. it came for a variety of reasons. therefore, it created as conditions for what i call a counteroffensive or a

. >> you do question, though, whether or not or what role humankind has had in the - in climate change as it stands now, crisis. >> i don't think the human causation issue is important. if you look at the context of temperatures, we are cold when you compare temperatures over 6,000 years. they are warm compared to the ice age. so the real issue is are we causing so much global warming that one, it's unprecedented and is causing a crisis. the answer to growth is no. >> most are comparing it to the world we live in, a built environment since the industrial age. we are not locking at compared to 6,000 or 7,000 years ago. can we go forward and live in rising? >> we know we can. 3,000, 4,000 years ago temperatures were today. >> it's different. >> population james... >> you asked me a question, i want to answer it. >> we don't look the way we did 6,000 ways we did, we don't have population density that we did 6,000 or 7,000 years ago. telling me what happened then is not relevant to the world in which we live today. >> i disagree. 6,000, 7,000 years ago we didn't have 1% of the technologies

. >> you define the six areas or categories of how to divide humankind religion nature civilization. how do you define civilization? >> part of the purpose is to argue that it's difficult and the people who try to define civilization get into a lot of trouble and a lot of people can never agree as to how many there are, what they mean, how long they last or how they develop and interact with each other or not but it's a very powerful term and it was to say we ought to be careful about using these sorts of collective categories because they are on robust. we should be careful supposing there is a world of conflict built around these categories. for example she has a notion that india is a hindu civilization while there are more so that these kind of delusions are very powerful and misguided and can be put to punishable use. >> you open the book with religion. why? the >> because it is one of the six categories that has the longest history that seems like one good reason and i also thought it was a good idea to start with religion because the world is divided between the christian west

those stories are bone-chilling and are undeniably some of the most deplorable acts of humankind. and what the senator from texas's bill was designed to do is start attacking this issue in way that we reason for a very long time and gives law enforcement the tools in order to target these traffickers to bring them to justice provides the tools that are necessary to help restore the lives of the victims of these heinous heinous crimes. and so i would ask the senator from texas because it is interesting to me that we are where we are. i mean, this is clearly a bipartisan issue. so much so that my understanding is when this was marked up, debated, and voted on in the judiciary committee that it came out unanimously. in other words all the democrats on the committee voted for it. is that correct? is that the way it proceeded from the judiciary committee? mr. cornyn: i would say he's absolutely correct, which is one way why i'm so perplexed about where we find ourselves today. 10 cosponsors on the democratic side for this underlying bill that was filed on january 13, was marked up in t

those stories are bone chilling in a deny of late some of the most deplorable acts of humankind. what the bill is designed to do an tackiness issue in a away for a very long time and gives law enforcement the tools to target these traffickers, to bring them to justice, provide the tools necessary to help restore the lives of the victims of these heinous, heinous crimes. i would ask the senator from texas because it's interesting to me we are where we are. this is clearly a bipartisan issue. so much so that landers innateness when this is marked out on the debated and voted on that it cannot unanimously. all the democrats voted for it. >> mr. president, i would respond to my friend from south dakota to say he's out for the correct which is one reason i'm so perplexed that we find ourselves where we are today. 10 cosponsors on the democratic side for this underlying bill filed on january 13 was marked up in the judiciary committee a month later and got a unanimous vote. i would add in response to my friends question that we also saw some and we haven't seen here in a long time on t

. >> this is one of the dishes of humankind.potato, chick peas, water, lamb cooked together. add a little fat. mash it up with potatoes and chickpeas. that's good. what do iranians want to eat today? it is a home cooking culture. i mean -- >> yes. we didn't hatch the culture of eating out. this is a culture of sacred foods in the house. things which are unheard of. it's not in the book. >> that's really interesting. >> a lot of secrets. ♪ >> have you ever tried traditional iranian food? >> it's difficult because everybody says the great food of iran is cooked in people's homes. >> yes. >> this is a land of secret recipes passed down within families like treasured possessions. beautiful spread of food. >> she's my wife. i am a really lucky man. she is very good cook. >> like so many iranians i have met, he has been kind enough to invite me to his home. >> this is milk and chicken soup. >> it looks really good. >> my mom said that iranian people loves guests. and they will never get tired if the guest likes their food. >> mm. a st

charlie: and you can open people's eyes and hearts to the possibilities of humankind.you are back in the u.s., you are back acting. what else fills your day? kevin: learning lines, when i'm trying to do a play. the current production of clarence darrow i'm doing is a one-man show, so i am on stage for 90 minutes. clarence darrow had this remarkable life. what is most interesting about doing this play, which was originated by henry fonda who did it in 1974, is that every single issue that clarence darrow was fighting for or against in the late 1800s and early 1900s, we are still grappling with today. every single issue. we are still trying to get it right. he is such a remarkable figure. i've had the chance to play him on two other occasions. i did a film about his life 20 years ago, and one at the old vic about five years ago. there are two things that i've never done. i've never done a one-man show and i've never done a show in the round. we have reconfigured the old vic for this season to be a theater in the round. that means there is nowhere to hide. they are everyw

there's also science to show how humankind evolved. the most important thing here is reporters have to do their homework and they have to be very careful in how they say things while giving a candidate the right to do the campaign he or she wants to do. >> ted cruz is an interesting case because he actually is of a kind of approach on this rhetorically that is an older vintage. the more common way that republican candidates sort of high level republicans approach the issue now is with the i'm not a scientists dodge. you can hearing a sampling here. >> i'm not qualified to debate the science over climate change. >> i'm not a scientists. >> i'm not a scientists. >> i would leave it to scientists. >> i'm not a scientists by any stretch. >> that strikes me as more ingenious. what that dodge does is let both people off the hook. the candidate says i'm not a scientist and reporter says i'm not a scientist either. >> actually, if you are -- if that's not your thing as a candidate, you shouldn't be talking about it in your campaign. everyone u

that is why its responsibility is huge toward humankind. >> we've heard people say in the middle eastand north africa america's friends no longer feel they can depend on the u.s. and adversaries no longer fear the u.s. is that fair? >> feels a lot of threat and is work. and to be in one with the big response from capable countries countries that are able to provide assistance. the suspending of muslim weapons and arms and negative indications being that, the united states is not standing by egyptians while they're against tourism. >> we have seen iran expand power. now, they're fighting in iraq. >> arab countries are supposed to show their interest. we used to show this world before arab countries were capable of doing that. we're capable of restoring our capabilities one more time. >> for now, the world waits to see what america will do next. but isis won't wait. and if america doesn't act boldly, it's likely others in the world will step in as well. as a reminder of what this is all that, a post script, this year takir who lost his family was reunited with his wife and three childre

controversial exhibits is a koch-backed installation at the smithsonian which promotes the theory that humankindved in response to climate change. the letter sent tuesday is the creation of a different kind of museum -- the new, mobile natural history museum, which seeks to "highlight the socio-political forces that shape nature" and "affirm the truth of science." the letter reads -- "when some of the biggest contributors to climate change and funders of misinformation on climate science sponsor exhibitions in museums of science and natural history, they undermine public confidence in the validity of the institutions responsible for transmitting scientific knowledge. this corporate philanthropy comes at too high a cost." well, for more, we're joined by two guests. beka economopoulos is co-founder and director of the new mobile natural history museum and coordinated the letter sent from nobel laureates and other scientists to 330 science and natural history museums. and in santa barbara california, james powell is one of the scientists who signed the open letter. he is a geochemist, former presid

we believe he is someone who is done great benefit to humankind in terms of revealing crimes that havered and that should not be kept hidden. this is the contribution he has made. i am not saying that we fully agree with everything that julian assange does. when you grant asylum, you don't turn the person into a saint. but we do think that the contribution in terms of the information that has been provided to the world has helped to open the eyes. plus, he wasn't the one who gave the information. it was communication media. in no proceeding has been pursued against them, just jillion assange, who they considered to be a dangerous man. amy: we're speaking with ricardo patiÑo, the foreign minister of ecuador, here in our new york studios. when we come back, we will talk to him about ecuador's case against chevrontexaco for what it has done in ecuador. we will be back in a moment. ♪ [music break] >> amy: this is democracy now!, democracynow.org, the war and peace report. i'm amy goodman with juan gonzalez. our guest is ricardo patiÑo, the foreign minister of ecuador. juan: we want to turn

. >>> since the dawn of time, humankind has wanted to take to the skies.ing machines are one thing, but is it possible that this guy can actually take flight? >> you see this man who's got these big wings on, and this guy is running, running, running. >> the man is actually able to flap his arms and liftoff and actually fly. >> this is crazy. this is everything i wanted to do in my life. >> he's coming in for the landing. >> whoo! and there's much celebration. but is it real? or is it fake? >> i don't know, but the mechanics of it seem sort of funky. >> you would probably flap your arm for five times and the air friction would be so much you would just pass out. >> the human bird wing is not a fake. i think you can glide jumping in the wind. probably was fun to do. probably would be scary to do. >> this is what sells me, the fact that he is so emotional, like, he did it, he really did it. he flew like a bird. [ speaking in a foreign language ] >> i got a little teary eyed, i'll admit it. look at that face. that's the face of someone who just flew, in my mi

and we knew it's been with us since the beginning of humankind. cane killing abel, the beginning of genesis, you can't get earlier than that. and yet at least it was not obvious to me six months ago that today this would be an even more important topic. that wherever you go when you pick up a newspaper when you listen to your programs you see one episode or another of extraordinary aggression. shootings in the school sexual assault in the military and in religious orders. genocide and terrorism in the islamic state of iraq and syria. outbursts of anti-semitism all over europe. denmark 7,000 jewish protected almost every individual during the second world war now has anti-semitic outbreaks. shooting of a guard in front of a sino going. the list goes on. -- synagogue. the list goes on. when you look at the whole picture, not only nationally but internationally you see this is one of the most important problems facing us all. and president obama appreciated this when he called for an international summit to see how we can handle it. so this program c

because it is the most infectious microbe known to humankind, the efforts to contain it, the efforts to track down everyone that the infected person has come in contact with are just incredibly, incredibly expensive. >> narrator: the cdc tracks outbreaks of infectious diseases around the country from its center in atlanta. over the last 15 years they've detected pockets of diseases like whooping cough and measles. the cdc uses forensic techniques to dissect in fine detail how dangerous pathogens can spread. they analyzed one such event, a measles outbreak that struck an under-vaccinated area of san diego in 2008. like most measles outbreaks, it came from abroad. it began when an infected seven-year-old returned from a family vacation in switzerland on january 15. the child gave measles to two siblings, and collectively, they infected classmates at the san diego cooperative charter school in linda vista. a visit to the children's clinic of la jolla spread the infection to four others. one of these, an infant, flew on a plane to hawaii, where she was intercepted and quarantined. the ot

a deterministic view in which fixed causes produce results and humankind moves along a certain predestinedpath to a predestined conclusion. it's not a rigid system. it is not an absolute system of historical interpretation. but it can be, it can give us historical insight. now, if you are with me to this point, and i hope you are, you may be asking yourself, what is the problem? well, the problem is that even under this more supple approach i am trying to lay out for you here, in which we invoke history as an analogy but not as theology, even then a certain a fatalism can set and the logic of the historical analogy can seem all-powerful, inescapable. and the reality is this -- as a rule, policymakers tend to use these analogies badly. when resorting to an analogy presidents and their advisors -- keeping this focused on the united states for the moment although we could extend it more broadly -- they tend to seize a hold of the very first analogy that comes to mind. they tend to not search more widely for other potential analogies. they tend not to test its applicability or ask how this ana

. >> rarely does a time, long in the advancement of humankind on this planet earth that we gain the potential of freely demonstrating to ourselves and to the rest of the people. the challenges. -- the people the full list of the challenges. we can send people to mars and an efficient way. we can do it by stepping up, by using some things but not hitting on down with a lot of investments involved in landing humans, building the rockets storing them -- we don't need to do that anymore. we can observe how other people take care of them, but where we want to do that is at mars. we need to invest the things to get to mars. if we invest in a stage to go along with the people that are going there, it is going to cost more money. going there with the asset stage interferes with just the lander. by building that stage in the return capability, it is taking longer to do that. the cost per person on the surface of mars is less if they stay there. if we start bringing people back -- the biggest thing to me is all of this comes along on earth, with humidity being able to advance and to do all these wondro

to help with nature and the security of humankind are more links than we sometimes realized. it is essential to our well-being and ultimately, to our survival that we address those together. this connection is something that i have sought to advance through my own modest efforts, including the work of my international units. the great-great nephew, the governor of pennsylvania, who also under the leadership of resident was established the u.s. for service. i have sought, then, to advance this connection because i believe the primary challenge of our times is to find ways in which the natural systems and resources on which we depend can be sustained to support our needs indefinitely into the future. while maintaining the incredible diversity of life on earth. despite the evident challenges there are nevertheless signs of the seeming insuperable problems, then they can be addressed in a number of areas. one of the greatest challenges and priorities is the establishment of genuinely sustainable fisheries. at a time when so many fish stocks are in serious long-term decline. since

to help with nature and the security of humankind are more links than we sometimes realized. it is essential to our well-being and ultimately, to our survival that we address those together. this connection is something that i have sought to advance through my own modest efforts, efforts, including the work of my international colleagues, who also established the u.s. forest service. i have sought, then, to advance this connection because i believe the primary challenge of our times is to find ways in which the natural systems and resources on which we depend can be sustained to support our needs indefinitely into the future. while maintaining the incredible diversity of life on earth. despite the evident challenges, there are nevertheless signs of the seeming insuperable problems, then they can be addressed in a number of areas. one of the greatest challenges and priorities is the establishment of genuinely sustainable fisheries. at a time when so many fish stocks are in serious long-term decline. since 2010, we've been working to establish consensus on our goal to rebuild s

a deterministic view in which fixed causes produce results and humankind moves along a certain predestined path to a predestined conclusion. it's not a rigid system. it is not an absolute system of historical interpretation. but it can be, it can give us historical insight. now, if you are with me to this point, and i hope you are, you may be asking yourself, what is the problem? well, the problem is that even under this more supple approach i am trying to lay out for you here, in which we invoke history as an analogy but not as theology, even then a certain a listen can set -- a certain fatalism can set and the logic can seem all-powerful, inescapable. and the reality is this -- as a rule, policymakers tend to use these analogies badly. when resorting to an analogy presidents and their advisors -- keeping this focused on the united states for the moment although we could extend it more broadly -- they tend to seize a hold of the very first analogy that comes to mind. they tend tonot search more widely for other potential analogies. they tend not to test its applicability or ask how this a