so, for example, the author ibram x kendi, says that any disparity in outcome is due to a system.he cause of the disparity. robin diangelo, another bestselling author, says it's not if racism occurred, but how it occurred. so, woke in itself is a way to think about the world in a general orientation towards social reality. the analysis you allude to is about the way in which so many problems to do with lack ofjustice, as they would see it, problems are to do with systems and structures... that's correct. ..and can't be addressed simply by looking at the behaviour of individuals. do you not accept that? no, no, that's correct. let's linger on that for a second, because that's really important. so you could have an entire system in which nobody was a racist, but the system itself would be racist. so you can have a conspiracy without any conspirators. so, again, getting back to the idea of disparity, it's the belief that systems themselves are fundamentally problematic, and if you want to fight for racial justice, for example, you have to go after the system. so, when it comes to you

so this contradiction was actually laid bare in a new piece, coauthored by ibram x. kendi of how to raise an anti-racist. and founder of boston university center for anti racist research. dr. ibram x. kendi writes quote, the color blind offense either color or superior, as harlan did. the peoples production costs in the constitution quebecers figured by legal fantasy yet again, to protect racial inequity. history repeats sometimes without rhyming. race neutral is the new separate but equal. then, the fantasy was that separate facilities for education appointed to the race this were equal and that actions to desegregates them were unnecessary if not harmful. today the fantasy is that regular college admission objects are race neutral in that affirmative action is not necessary, in fact harmful. now racial neutrality is a doctrine of the land as separate but equal was a century ago. and we need a new legal movement to expose its fantastical nature. joining us now is doctor ibram x. kendi, professor and founding director of the central center for interest researcher boston un