there's been a lot of academic studies about the role of the indian army and very few about the indianops in the burma campaign... 0ur correspondentjohn maguire is at the national memorial arboretum in staffordshire, where today's commemorations are taking place. the ceremony ended a while ago now the dignitaries are members of the royalfamily, prime the dignitaries are members of the royal family, prime minister, secretary of state have all departed, but there are still many people here wondering around. it is a very calm and peaceful, interesting and moving environment here at the national memorial arboretum and very fitting for a today's service. many veterans here talking to members of the media, each other, sharing stories. i'm delighted to see ted woodward is still with us here today. how are you getting on? tell me about what you getting on? tell me about what you thought of the service. where do you thought of the service. where do you want me to start? what did it make you think of? those quiet moments or moments of reflection, what were you thinking? mywife, she said she was

hierarchs of the indian army has released a statement the indian government in fact saying that late on saturday night in the early hours of sunday morning that chinese troops violated a consensus that was agreed to in mid the trade diplomatic engagements during an ongoing standoff between the 2 countries in the region of east in the dock and that china tried to carry out military movements to judy lashley changed the status quo they said that indian troops preempted this activity on the southern banks of the pabulum so yea they also said that india is committed to maintaining peace through dialogue but equally determined to protect its territorial integrity and that there are now commanding level talks going on to try and dissolve the issues now talks have been going on between the 2 sides since may 2 there's all of these escalation in tensions and the border dispute between india and china goes back decades they both have territorial claims on one to read a half 1000 kilometers of land they often have soldiers often have clashes along that unofficial boarded the line of actual cont

then these talks between the 2 sides have really ramped up and yet the latest statement from the indian army would indicate that there is still far from a resolution to this. dozens of people have been injured in violence with security forces in indian administered kashmir share muslims were taking part in a religious procession which had been banned by the indian authorities but reports . injured and in pain dozens of people to help the hospital in srinagar the largest city in indian administrate kashmir sama suffering from serious injuries to their eyes and face. others need treatment for wounds to their bodies after indian police shotgun pellets and tear gas and shia muslims taking part in a religious procession it was a peaceful protest. as will be as well to be followed. by what happened. all of a sudden you got to get started and some. of them would notice off the moms on the flop. house earlier hundreds had defied a ban by indian authorities on perceptions to mark assure which commemorates the death of the prophet mohammed's grandson but government forces were out in large numbers. an

the indian army has released a statement the indian government in fact saying that late on saturday night in the early hours of sunday morning that chinese troops violated a consensus that was agreed to in the treaty diplomatic engagement during an ongoing standoff between the 2 countries in the region of east in the dock and that china tried to carry out military movements to you need naturally changed status quo they said that indian troops preempted this activity on the southern banks of the path leg they also said that india is committed to maintaining peace through dialogue but equally determined to protect its territorial integrity and that there are now commanded level talks going on to try and resolve the issue now talks have been going on between the 2 sides since may 2 this all of these escalating tensions and the border dispute between india and china goes back decades they both have territorial claims to read a half 1000 kilometers of land they often have soldiers often have clashes along that unofficial boarded the line of actual control but what changed was despite these tal

calling provocative military movements by chinese troops at a disputed section of the border they indian army says it happened overnight sunday in the eastern ladakh region near the yellow line shown on this map the so-called the line of actual control china denies the allegations. india has recorded $78000.00 cases of corona virus in 24 hours it's the largest single day number of coronavirus infections anywhere in the world is also reported $948.00 deaths that takes the total number of people who died 263500 those are the headlines coming up next on al-jazeera a.j. selects good bye on the counter but how carving up the oil and gas riches of the east and that is radio could prove to be a costly mistake millions of jobs lost as peru tries to control the spread of the corona virus. plus the brig's who wants to run the world trade organization counting the cost on al-jazeera ringback. they only. take an amount. who's who cornish. katie here here at the east passing to those so same people that you want them to xena plain old style. game you know as you are by the sound of happy tune from it but

and within the indian army where the 35,000 gurkhas 27 battalions who marched in general slim's 14thn up in richmond. one final question - what will you be doing tomorrow? well, i'm joining some colleagues from the brigade of gurkhas, there are lots of gurkhas serving in the british army now. we are laying some wreaths at three very significant memorials in london — firstly at the chinned it memorial at the thames embankment. they were a clandestine force that air landed into the rear of the japanese lines and threw off the japanese forces away from the battles that were being fought at cohiba. secondly, we are laying a wreath at general slim's statue in whitehall. he was the architect of the victory at burma. he was the most marvellous strategic general, and also he had wonderful human qualities which endeared himself to his soldiers. and he set high standards for morale by those qualities. he was a very, very significant, probably the greatest british general of the second world war. and then finally, we are going to lay a wreath at the gurkhas statue. this was a very punishing cam

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from the british and indian and other allied armiess were placed at memorials here and in many of the nations that were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here or in their homes, or wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished with all our hearts and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was remembered and its last survivors cherished. nicholas witchell, bbc news. we can speak now to the historian sir max hastings. thank you for speaking to us here this afternoon. first off, we're hearing a lot about this being the forgotten war, the forgotten army and just how brutal it was. what was it about this particular time in history that lent to those things we're now? it was a very hard business. it's hard enough at any time to risk your lives and make sacrifices for your country. but it becomes especially so if you feel that what's happening to you is not recognised. especial

are have been carrying out a campaign of terror on its territory for decades the indian army has always faced a determined intelligence effort to. send militants across the border into kashmir to train up. many of them have been armed trained financed equipped and occasionally even offset by the pakistani military the pakistani i.s.i. has embarked upon what has been described in pakistani literature as a war of death by a 1000 cuts we learned never to underestimate the enemy for general assad to ronnie the former head of pakistan intelligence using any means to defeat the enemy is justified for me there can be quite a particular purpose. durani served in the military for 4 decades and as the intelligence chief he was responsible for pakistan's strategy against india. every yes. if you do not have enough conventional a suit because of a lot of your enemy. you do not rely on a conventional response. and among those assets. fighters allies of pakistan who in 1980 s. had been waging war in neighboring afghanistan when the soviets pulled out of a gun stand a lot of the would have been with n

despite driving the previously undefeated japanese army from the indian border and out of burma, the eferred to as the forgotten army. robert hall reminds us of their efforts.( robert hall reminds us of their efforts. it had started with a series of defeats. japanese forces had swept through the far east, driving britain and her allies back to the borders of india. thousands of soldiers were marched into captivity. many of them would be worked to death orfall victim to starvation and disease. in india, rajinder singh dhatt was among the young men who volunteered for the fight back. in our mind it was not only that we are indian, for only india we are fighting, but we are fighting for the globe, for peace and democracy, which we are enjoying today. in 1944, the japanese attacked again. at kohima, 1500 commonwealth troops held back ten times their number. newsreel: men fling themselves across japanese barbed wire. .. eventually, the newly formed 14th army would begin its advance through the jungles of burma. it was difficult, getting throughjungle very often, you know. because more ofte

and for african american soldiers to be recruited into the indian army. when the proclamation comes a, and congress does the authorization for and blacklisting, douglas is encouraged by several abolitionists leaders to really hit the road and or rate as only he could persuasively ignorantly the get african americans to enlist. so he turned his editorial into a broadside which is a one page she. most of them were just pasted to walls, distributed to people. it's kind of a remarkable thing that the new york new york historical society on such a copy. when we wrote the book i don't know if you remember but we dated it's acquisition to just about the time it was issued. >> exactly yes yes. typically new york a store nickel. >> it is typical? right objects to 9/11, and objects to the current pandemic. now it new york historical society is kind of a contemporary museum. it's the record of what will be his feet down the. row so this document, it's got some great lines in as ali douglas can write. liberty won by white men alone5x ally half is left. who must be fr

calling provocative minute she movements by chinese troops at a disputed section of the border the indian army says it happened overnight on sunday in the east in the dock region near the contested himalayan border china's military says indian troops crossed that border. china has arrested in australian citizen who's a t.v. anchor for chinese state owned channel c g t n a strain his foreign minister has confirmed the high profile arrest of chang lay the reasons for her arrest remain unclear but it comes amid growing tension between china and australia over the coronavirus pandemic and beijing's handling of the outbreak. a strain has bushfire commission has warns the government to be prepared for more frequent and intense natural disasters over the coming in as many states 1st report on the summer bush fires that burned through millions of hectares of land on a gauge a visitor to the community of braley near the capital canberra to see how recovery efforts. it's now known as a stroll is blocked thelma months of writing bushfires devastated the country southeast claiming dozens of lives and dest

we are extremely honoured to be joined by veterans from both the british and indian armies here today over a0 languages were spoken, and all the world's major religions were represented. today, 75 years on from the moment of japanese surrender, we give thanks for the bravery, service and sacrifices made. james fenton of 178 field regiment wrote home in 19aa from burma, to his family in lancashire. we are with the fourteenth army living a solitary life. it is very warm here within the burma border. aircraft are droning overhead, leaving no space in time when their engines cannot be heard. we are in the middle of a jungle into which your eyes penetrate no more than a couple of yards, and some places ankle deep in dust. all i can see are palm trees, dense jungle, sun—baked earth, and scorched grass everywhere. private isaac fadoyebo, aged 18, of the royal west african frontier force, recalls an ambush on the kaladan river, in burma, in19aa. we anchored at nyron village to pass the night after paddling our bamboo rafts for several hours. gunshots rang out from the opposite bank. we all ra

purpose it would be prepared to seize power by force that the may have been infiltrated the indian national army. and that he regrets that's the muslim league hasn't organized in the same way so we're talking a serious mistrust at this point yet i think this indicates complete breakdown in trust between between the 2 poles season and that you know it's the leadership of those policies new delhi and although the scene looks quite jeana any route had 1st come together to fight the british now they were fighting each other disturbances against the muslim league to reach the end of life by 946 any hope of a united india had evaporated order with god i believe the service of every muslim on him the break down at the top of the indian politics was mirrored on the streets as tension spilled over into violence. chaos erupted in major cities 1st because of a grim audio post by british an indian probe during the worst drought in the history of calcutta. road vantec in many places higher pitched battles continued between muslims and window for muslims the fear of being ruled by hindus convinced them they n

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from the british and indian and other allied armies many of the nations that were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here or in their homes, or wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished with all our hearts and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was remembered and its last survivors cherished. nicholas witchell, bbc news. we are going to take you to central london because there is a special parade taking place at the moment. this is the royal hospital chelsea, famous of course for being the home of the chelsea pensioners. amongst the pensioners living there are actually three star recipients. there are 3a pensioners who are currently there and served in world war ii. three of them, as i said, had served in the far east conflict and were awarded with burma stars. this had been planned ahead of the red arrows fly past, which we have learnt within the last hour has ha

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from british, pre—partition indian and other allied armiesand in many of the nations that were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here or in their homes, or wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished with all our hearts and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was remembered and its last survivors cherished. nicholas witchell, bbc news. let's speak to the daughter of —— let's speak to artist sally daughter grumbridge, the daughter of george edward milner porter — who was a far east prisoner of war from 1942 until japan's surrender in 1945. thank you forjoining us, we had problems earlier, butjust tell us your father's story. he was a bombardier in the 45th royal artillery. the regiment left the shores of the uk and travelled to singapore, arriving in january 1942. they fought on the mainland melayu and then defended singapore and of course became captive on the 15th of febr

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from the british and indian and other allied armiesat memorials here and in many of the nations that and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here or in their homes, or wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished with all our hearts and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was remembered and its last survivors cherished. and also as part of the commemorations, the raf‘s red arrows flew over belfast city centre. the aircraft passed the landmark titanic building and the harland and wolff shipyard cranes as they flew up belfast lough, leaving their famous red, white and blue smoke trails in their wake. in tokyo, the japanese emperor, naruhito, has expressed deep remorse for his country's past military actions. the war was brought to an end shortly after the us dropped nuclear bombs over the cities of hiroshima and nag

silence and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from british, pre—partition indian, and other allied armiese and in many of the nations which were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here, or in their homes, wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished, with all our hearts, and for all time. in a tribute recorded on horse guards parade and broadcast by the bbc tonight, images of veterans, including the duke of edinburgh. he was aboard a warship in tokyo bay when the second world war ended. his grandson spoke of the need to cherish peace. we must not forget our responsibility to learn the lessons of the past and ensure that the horrors of the second world war are never repeated. we owe that to our veterans, to their families and to the generations who will come after us. 75 years on, thanks were given for the moment a world war ended. nicholas witchell, bbc news. well, at ceremonies injapan marking the end of war, emperor naruhito exp

as we talk to the indian chief of staff, the army, he's focused on the ground forces. as we have discussions, we're looking for common interests and how we can improve relationships. >> yeah. let's talk about the trip you just came from. you met with your counterparts in a couple of other countries in southeast asia. can you speak a little bit about what you heard in the midst of covid and in the midst oh of this competition between the united states and china? >> yeah. first of all, you know, many of the countries are very, very concerned about covid. covid is affecting the entire globe. even during think travel, i was tested many times on national television, and in thailand, just to make sure as we november through the region, that covid is not spreading. so all the countries are very, very concerned with that. we're all aggressively working on some type of vaccine and some type of therapeutic to do that. so they're very interested in what they're doing. once we discovered it, that we can share. again, most of our partners are very concerned with some of the activit

army. india and pakistan dynamic and it is very important to that. are they still focused on ground forces? >> guest: i had to talk to the ground forces as we talk to the indian chief of staff of the army, certainly focused on ground forces, we are looking for common interests and improving relationships. >> host: you mess with your counterparts in a couple other countries in southeast asia. speak about what you heard in the midst of covid-19 and in the midst of this, between the united states and china. >> many countries are concerned about covid-19. even in my travel i was tested many times on national television, and thailand's to make sure as we move through the region covid-19 is not spreading. all the countries were concerned about that. working on some type of vaccine, very interested, and once we discovered we could share, they are very concerned, the limited capability to do what they need to do. that is the biggest concern. they don't need to choose within partners because they are all dependent on partners for the economy. and respect their interests. >> host: with chloroquine for being such a predominant factor, the influence campaign activity aro

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from british, pre—partition indian, and other allied armiesced at memorials here and in many of the nations, which were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here, or in their homes, wherever they may be, let us affirm that they, and the surviving veterans, are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished, with all our hearts, and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was honoured. nicholas witchell, bbc news. 50,000 british and commonwealth troops died in the war againstjapan, half in prison camps. some of their relatives have joined veterans, at the national memorial arboretum today, and our correspondent, sian lloyd spoke to some of them. 96—year—old joan burfield, known asjohnny since her navy days, one of the remaining few who remember vj day because they were there. she was then a wren, aged 21, stationed in the far east and tasked with decoding signals, one of a group of young women who'd joined the navy to serve their country. 75 years on, she hasn

and in remembrance of lives lost from so many nations, from british, pre—partition indian and other allied armies memorials here and in many of the nations that were involved in the conflict. today, in this hallowed place, and in the presence of all those gathered here or in their homes, or wherever they may be, let us affirm that they and the surviving veterans are not forgotten. rather, you are respected, thanked, and cherished with all our hearts and for all time. 75 years on, the forgotten army was remembered and its last survivors cherished. it was honoured. nicholas witchell, bbc news. the exams regulator quual has set out the criteria for how appeals of gcse, as and a levels in england can be made. because of coronavirus — no exams took place — and grades are being awarded using a controversial modelling system. schools and colleges will be able to appeal on behalf of students from monday. the bbc‘s education correspondent elaine dunkley explains how the appeals process will work. after the anxiety and adrenaline of a—level results day many students will now go through those emotions again

institutions had already banned it internally from wells fargo to the biden campaign, from the indian government to the u.s. armyrld is going on? well, tiktok collects information from users like their location and what they're saying in messages to other users. that isn't much different from what other social media companies gather. the real difference, tiktok's parent company, bytedance, is chinese. there's a fear tens of millions of americans' interests and movements could be handed over to the chinese communist party. in addition, the skeptics say, beijing could use the platform to promote itself and restrict ideas it doesn't like. perhaps in response to these concerns, bytedance seemed to be looking for american ownership for tiktok. first american investors were reportedly trying to buy a majority stake in the company. then "the new york times" learned microsoft was in talks to buy it outright. even trump said this would not be enough to ease his security concerns, threatening to ban it entirely. meanwhile, tiktok points out that the app is not even available in china and says it has not and will not turn

confederate statues were going down california, they ask that he be taken down in the army answered that statue was built for the indian wars not the civil war. exactly, exactly. he was honored for killing indians. so right, right. that's what i'm talking about. so when i think it's time for us to open up, as melissa there? melissa? so my alarm went off. just hi, thank you very much for that discussion that's really great. i will move into some of the questions we have in the q&a box. again, if you are on the line and went to ask a question you can do so with the ask a question button at the bottom of the screen. start with in your book you detailed the effects of covenant policing and other discriminatory measures in st. louis. do you see the current protest having a longer term effect st. louis' racial division? >> i hope so. i see this moment of this terrible strife on the police riot of tremendous possibility. i think these are norma's brave people that confronted the police nonviolently make it excessive character of law. i hope it has an effect in st st. louis. one of the things i tried to do right at the end of

despite driving the previously undefeated japanese army from the indian border and out of burma, the japanese forces had swept through the far east, driving britain and her allies back to the borders of india. thousands of soldiers were marched into captivity. many of them would be worked to death or fall victim to starvation and disease. in india, rajinda singdat was among the young men who volunteered for the fightback. in my mind it was not only that we were fighting for india, but we were fighting for the globe, for peace and democracy. india, but we were fighting for the globe, for peace and democracym 1944, the japanese attacked again, and at kahina 1500 commonwealth troops held back ten times that number. eventually, the newlyformed 14th army would begin its advance through the jungles of burma. 14th army would begin its advance through the jungles of burmam 14th army would begin its advance through the jungles of burma. it was difficult, getting through jungle, very often. you know, because more often than not you didn't stick to, you know, well beaten tracks or anything like

tensions have been rising as the 2 countries build more roads and army facilities in the remote blocked are huge and in june dozens of indian troops were killed in their brawl with their chinese counterparts on this frontier. and these 3 migrants died and 5 others were injured when a fire broke out on a boat carrying them across the mediterranean the smoke from the fire could be seen from any beach if the italian town of croteau no 2 police officers were also hurt. the 1st ever commercial passenger flight from israel to the united arab emirates has taken off from tel aviv airport bound for abu dhabi the historic flight comes after israel and the u.a.e. agreed to normalize relations in a deal brokered by the united states the u.a.e. is the 3rd arab country to establish full diplomatic ties with israel. after many presidents the deal means they can finally bring covert business and personal relationships into the. downloads on your visa and usually days to mark the jewish israeli palestinian businessman from his small office in jerusalem and through travel he has been doing business with the united arab emirates for several y

disputed border tensions are rising as the 2 countries build more roads an army facilities in the remote dock in june dozens of indian troops were killed in a brawl with their chinese counterparts on that front. a well known russian opposition blogger and radio host says he was wounded in the attack in moscow. was handed a suspended sentence on extremism charges last year for making videos criticizing president putin. well the 1st ever commercial passenger flight from israel to the united arab emirates has taken off from tel aviv airport bound for all but dopy historic flight comes after israel and the u.a.e. agreed to normalize relations and a deal brokered by the united states the u.a.e. is the 3rd arab country to establish full diplomatic ties with israel for many residents the deal means they can finally bring business and personal relationships out into the open. down of them here these are unusual days for the jewish israeli palestinian businessman from his small office in jerusalem and through travel the house been doing business with the united arab emirates has several years but always under the radar the co

rest of the way to another court appearance army of volunteers joined emergency teams to try to stop more pollution of beaches and coral reefs in the indian ocean south korea is reporting nearly 300 new cases of corona virus the highest in 5 months many recent cases a link to a church group in seoul a church pastor tested positive after attending an empty government rally at the weekend $6000.00 police officers who were on duty that day being tested the restrictions on gatherings have been imposed in the capital and surrounding areas. there is still many people related to serang church who are being tested all waiting to get tested and medicine fictions continuously breaking out in other regions so we expect to see an increasing trend in the number of new patients until this week it's our priority to slow down the virus spread through quick tracing intestine and social distance and this week will mark the most critical in preventing food the mess breed airline passengers in colombia can fly nationwide again domestic flights have been grounded for 5 months due to the pandemic lockdown president of undue care who greeted some arriving passe

arrest and awaiting another quarter parents an army of volunteers joined emergency teams to stop more pollution of tourist beaches and coral reefs in the indianocean well i mean a good of him is a former president of marshes she is also a biodiversity researcher and a member of the african academies of sciences she joins us now via skype from the capital thank you so much for your time how hopeful are you that this new team coming in from japan will make a real difference. thank you for having me and thank you for casting a light on what's going on in nourishes you know we are experiencing the worst ecological disaster in our history we are as you have rightly said we are expecting a group of japanese a researches and of course policymakers i presume coming here but up until we see. the place cleaned up we are not very hopeful so we just hoping that they come in there bring some good news of course resources to help us along this very very tricky and very nasty nasty job the worst ecological disaster i mean you must be pretty angry. yes we are because you know i think we're angry because the way the shipping industry has been behaving we saw