and drove the remnants of the british navy out of the indian ocean and rated as far as madagascar are. they sank the british carrier and its escort. they sank dozens of merchant ships. they destroyed all the tankers that were caring oil from them -- all the tankers that were mideast.oil from the that access to mideast oil was vital for america. german war staff had to report to hitler's on february 14, 1942, if germany and japan joined hands at the indian ocean, the final victory should not be far off. is thent i am making battle of midway was not about the japanese and the u.s. in the pacific, it affected all of world war ii. it affected north africa, it affected russia, it affected china. there was a threat to cut off the lender lease supplied of the u.s. -- to cut off the len d-lease supplied to the british in suez. it had a worldwide of fact. it was extremely -- it had a worldwide effect. it was extremely significant. on april 14, 19 42, a midnight meeting of the british defense commission. .ield marshal halbrook spoke if japan's advance was not halted, they would cut off thre

and they drove the remnants of the british navy out of the indian ocean. they went as far as mad gaza strip -- madagascar. they sank the british carrier h hermes and its escort. they destroyed all the tankers carrying oille from the middle east that were headed for america to fuel our war machine and our military. that access to middle east oil was vital for america and the german war staff had reported to hitler on february 13, 1942 "if germany and japan join hands at the indian ocean, the final victory should not be far off." i guess the point i'm making is the battle of midway was not about the japanese and the u.s. in the pacific, it was a war that affected all of world war ii. it affected north africa, it affected russia, it affected china. there was a threat to cut off the supply from the us to the british troops at suez to the stalingrad troops of russia and so the chinese through the burma road. it had a worldwide effect. it was extremely significant. on april 14, 1942, midnight meeting of the british defense commission field marshal lord allenbroo

russians in and preventing a link up of japan and germany across the indian ocean. so the three enforcers the same point. if the japanese and germans had achieved this link up it would have impacted the war. a tremendous ripple effect on allied strategy and what could be done in europe. for the war. we have we're down now to just a couple minutes left. and i want to say that i much appreciate our panel today. i think we have time for maybe one or two quick questions. so anyone has any questions to ask, anybody on the panel. i will entertain at this point. >> we'll be down to one question. and -- >> george could you talk about the intelligence and particularly the code breaking and how that contributed to the success in the battle? >> that's more than a -- quite simply. japanese made naval code. was kept in place for much longer than necessary that gave us time to break tli the cipher. extract and you can't emphasize enough they're not reading complete messages. they're getting bits and pieces. there's where the great genius was. to take from the pieces and see the b

in the middle of the indian ocean sand is a matter of life and death. of the sand divers have been collecting call sand from the lagoon for years and selling its developers. but with sea levels rising this sand harvesting is leading to some serious problems. sand is a very ambitious commodity and the moment it's because this one millimeter of the ocean touching you constantly every minute every second every day every year is such a false and it is eat. or you don't deny. the mall deaves our road at an alarming rate residents do what they can to protect their homes but many beaches are little more the memories. really not god and i'd get all of them are sick and have a demonic in the home and nobody did it come up was done deal with the law one nun a difficult adama to go lie number macdonald didn't i got in the ottoman economically monophyletic the highgate got the law given enablement in an economical need of money for the last of the night in the going to come and live in . several hundred islands have already been evacuated and today the refugees cro

in the middle of the indian ocean sand is a matter of life and death. to the sand divers have been collecting call sand from the lagoon for years and selling its developers. but with sea levels rising this sand harvesting is leading to some serious problems. and. sad it is a very ambitious in the maldives because this one millimeter of the ocean touching you constantly every minute every second every day. is such a false and it is eat. or you don't deny. the mall deaves our road at it well daryn you're right residents do what they can to protect their homes but many beaches are little more the memories. really not god and i'd get all of them are sick in a demonic in the house i'm in nevada did it come up was done deal with the law one none of difficulty down the dictaphone line number tunnel vision i got in the ottoman like a name on a clinic i gave at the lodge i didn't enablement in an only kind of money but unless the united made any come of it in. several hundred islands have already been evacuated and today the refugees crowd on to larger and bette

memorials are being held across thailand to mark the anniversary of the two thousand and four indian ocean tsunami which left well over two hundred thousand people dead and in the show it was the country hit hardest by the natural disaster considered one of the worst in modern history. china has sentenced a prominent rights activist to eight years in prison for subversion who gang is a blogger better known by his online pseudonym a super vulgar butcher and has drawn attention from mocking china's government his lawyer says he will appeal the sentence. the west african nation of liberia is picking its new president in which could be the first democratic transfer of power in over seven decades voters are choosing between senator george weah a former world footballer of the year and incumbent vice president joseph a book a the winner will succeed president ellen johnson sirleaf who won the nobel prize as africa's first elected female leader for helping secure peace after liberia's back to backs of the wars. and a short while ago i spoke to evelyn today in the liberian capital monrovia and beg

memorials are being held across thailand to mark the anniversary of the two thousand and four indian ocean tsunami which left well over two hundred thousand people dead indonesia was the country hit hardest by this natural disaster considered one of the worst in modern history. china has sentenced a prominent rights activist to eight years in prison for subversion and is a blogger better known by his online pseudonym super vulgar butcher and has drawn attention for mocking china's government is lawyer says he will appeal the sentence authorities in western austria are keeping a close eye on the mountains above the vals valley after a massive landslide there buried the area's only access road they're worried some of the slopes are so unstable that more rocks could still come crashing down a landslide came on christmas eve with people in a nearby village lucky to escape unharmed rocks keep falling adding to the tens of thousands of tons of rubble in the valley the mayor of vols says the precipice above the village still poses a risk. but if the danger is far from over after the first helicop

morals are being held across thailand to mark the anniversary of the two thousand and four indian ocean tsunami which killed more than two hundred thousand people in tunisia was the country hardest hit by the natural disaster considered one of the worst in modern history. polls have now closed in the west african nation of liberia this presidential runoff follows an earlier vote or neither of the top two candidates passed the fifty percent mark its needed to win outright the vote is expected to be followed by the first democratic transfer of power in liberia in more than seven decades. the day after christmas voting got off to a slow start but the election appears to have been largely peaceful an impressive achievement in itself for a country that's known decades of war it's a runoff vote between former international footballer george way and vice president joseph. both of whom joined voters and casting their ballots just as an experienced long time politician having served in government for the past twelve years he's found it harder to convince voters that he will bring change. because

morals are being held across thailand to mark the anniversary of the two thousand and four indian ocean tsunami which left well over two hundred thousand people dead indonesia was the country hit hardest by the national disaster considered one of the worst in modern history. liberians have been at the polls today to elect their next president the whole school system short while ago in the west african nation and the result could see the first democratic transition in the country in over seventy years of voters are choosing between senator george we are a former world footballer of the year and the incumbent vice president joseph. we are tops the first round of voting with both coming in second neither managed to secure the fifty percent of the vote that needed to win outright and so feel lection headed to a runoff now the winner will succeed president ellen johnson sirleaf who won the nobel prize as africa's first elected female leader after she helped secure peace after liberia's back to back civil wars. the day after christmas voting got off to a slow start but the election appears to

being in the middle of the indian ocean for the last five thousand it's become just . lost to human greed and stupidity. when we use that sand that mean we loose. our life. we've never needed so much sand so badly with beaches and entire islands already disappearing who will live in the sand worse. for most of us san makes us think of days at the beach sand castles and sunshine and once the holidays are over we slip back into our busy lives. but is feeling the sand between our toes or caught in our bathing suits the whole story. does this so familiar substance played any other role in our daily lives. standard is what i like to call the unsung heroes of our lives because there are just endless examples. of the way in which sarah and intersects with daily lloyd's which we all really know commonly aware of. sand has quietly infiltrated every corner of our world melted and transformed into glass it sits on every shelf. it's also the source of silicone dioxide. a mineral found in our winds cleaning products detergents paper dehydrated foods hairspray toothpaste cosmetics.

. >> memorials are being held across thailand to mark the anniversary of the 2004 indian ocean tsunami was left over 200,000 people dead. indonesia was the country hardest by the natural disaster. it is considered one of the worst in modern history. polls have now closed in the west african nation of liberia as presidential runoff -- need of the top two candidates gained the next -- 50% due to win outright. the vote was inspected to be followed by the first democratic transfer of power in library in over seven that. >> the day after christmas, voting off to a slow start, but the election appears to have been largely peaceful. an impressive achievement in itself or a country that is known decades of this. >> it is about but between former international footballer george way it and vice president joseph walk-on. joseph is a experienced longtime politician having served in government for the past 12 years, he has found it harder to convince voters that he will bring change. >> is this -- it is a test of democracy, we wanted one time, there were 20 of us. this is what the process has produ

strait to babble men open free will wait to see asian best indian ocean and best civic and. so this thing this should be i mean concession about it from the whole country but. briefly please what's the danger of overreach for turkey in africa and the red sea. for almost a year what we see in the turkish foreign policy is a shift from. fashion diplomatic civilian design to foreign policy to an more muscular more economy centric foreign policy which i define as moral realism in this more of the realities in. combination of a user of or a promotion of heart powerful military capabilities push for economic cooperation humanitarian purposes and you know historical cultural and religious values so we see a sort of combination of these four kompany and seen this in the paradigm i would say more of the realism so in this is new paradigm the issue. the question that should be asked is the question that you ask in fact you know the capacity side of the story and can maintain this in an sustainable fashion but right now has me feeling itself in any pressure is i said before and we do s

you were shipped to the indian ocean or mediterranean to relieve crews on british ships. 10,000 families that were never going to see the head or the brother of the family again. so the fear of the indians and the outrageous practices of the british -- they were also blockading seaports. ship,e they stopped a they discovered things in the cargo they said, that is illegal. that, they took the entire ship and silted up to it up, sold it -- sailed to canada, sold it at auction, and share the loot. we were in an outrageous position. madison knew we were ill-prepared, but decided to attack. it is one of the most during things any president has done, the only president who has ever gone into battle. he used troops to protect washington, but he was very courageous. with the army look like at the time of the embargo, the whole army was 3000 men. the british army had 250,000 men at the time. if you are talking about the navy, we had 20 ships, only six of them big enough to be called warships. the british had 900. it was a ridiculous, lopsided proportion between them. we didn't have much military.

is the only one iran has on the indian ocean its location is what makes it important the port allows india to bypass pakistan and trading with iran and afghanistan pakistan blocks land based trade between the countries it provides india with a south north trading route that could go as far as russia a test run of wheat from india's dean dale porte a distant for afghanistan was a success one month ago n.d.o. now developed at the port and help build a right on line direct to afghanistan not only does this build a transport corrido independent of pakistan it puts a run at the heart of the initiative how would a time when the u.s. is moving to isolate iran through diplomatic and economic means india and iran first agreed to develop the port together in two thousand and three but it went nowhere after iran was hit with sanctions fourteen years later the two regional powers of joined with afghanistan to develop trade beyond their borders. germany's anti migrant and islam party has a new leadership a far right an alternative for germany is meeting in whatever its choice for could be a sign

mr dunn along with five other british men, had been guards on a ship to combat piracy in the indian ocean13 after being charged with carrying unlicensed firearms and ammunition. after years of campaigning, they won an appeal against their convictions last week and were given permission to leave india. well our correspondent fiona trott was at the airport when he arrived well, here he is, nick dunn. finally back home afterfour well, here he is, nick dunn. finally back home after four years in an indian prison. here he is at newcastle airport, hugging his sister lisa. his mother margaret, he is hugging. hasn't seen herforfour yea rs. is hugging. hasn't seen herforfour years. my goodness. look how emotional his family are. we remember nick dunn always said he wouldn't really feel like this ordeal was over until he walked through those doors here of the arrivals hall at newcastle airport. well, here he is. he has been dreaming about that for a long time. when he got the news he would be released from prison, it was like a dream after being through a nightmare forfour dream after being through

>> alive. >> fantastic, mate. >> reporter: 28 1/2 hours after indian ocean, brett archibald was rescued hour to live. brett believes he was spared to change his life. >> and share this story because life is short. and if you don't live it well, you have regrets. i have 28 hours of regrets. and i have a second chance. >> if you can believe it, brett went back on the surfing charter the next day. his memoir is called "alone." you can learn more about it by heading to today.com/shop. >> i am blown away. i don't know how he would have the physical or the internal strength to carry on. >> and challenge him. for his friends to show up again. >> and then leave. >> what an amazing gift. >> floating, treading. i would have been dead after 30 minutes. whatever lesson he feels life has handed him. >> "true grit." >> craig, thank you so much. >>> coming up next, you want to avoid the hassles of shopping. homemade gis. first thftis safety isn't a list of boxes to check. it's taking the best technologies out there and adapting them to work for you. the ultrasound that can see inside patients, can als

certain places certainly -- there's jellyfish that invaded eastern mediterranean originally from indian ocean which is quite warm in the past it probably would not have been able to survive this the eastern mediterranean which was significantly cooler but that part of the ocean has warmed as proportionately so much, much warmer now and these jellyfish came through are thought to have come through the canal or else in the water ship that cascade through the canal, and they've been dispoflted in the eastern mediterranean u now formed looms that are tens of miles big every summer. and these jellyfish are really, really bad sting percent. they're called nomadic jellyfish so you can't go to the beach when they're bloom and then they wash probably they wash into power plants which use sea quarter to cool their machinery, and they are like millions sink stoppers coming into the machinery so they have to shut down operations and then you can google it like there's these container ships physical of jellyfish that they have to scoop out of their machinery and wait until the bloom dissipates. this simil

and what it is from western europe to the gulf where we under write their security to the indian ocean to the south china sea will underwrite their security to korea and northwest pacif pacific. every trade deal we are upside down on. i hear the wall street journal and financial times say he doesn't know what i'm talking about. tell that to the folks in wisconsin and michigan to jobs that went overseas. you want to solve the opioid crisis? i have a solution for you. let's bring the jobs back to america and we'll solve it. you want to solve the inner city problems? put capital to work, bring manufacturing jobs back and those will go through a renaissance. it is not the people that's the problem, it's the system that is the problem. we underwrite -- i was there and some guy that used to run nato, he says here is the problem. he says we have your allies and we do this. we have regional responsibilities. you have global responsibilities. i said that's the problem. the eu is the size of the united states of america. it has about 350 million people. it is economy like 15 trillion. their mind

basically underrig underwrite their security to the gulf where we underwrite their security to the indian ocean where we underwrite their security and all the countries where we underwrite their security to korea and japan and the northwest pacific which we underwrite their security. every trade deal we're upside down on. and i hear "the wall street journal" and the "financial times of london" saying bannon doesn't know what he's talking about. tell that to the folks in ohio and pennsylvania and wisconsin and michigan, the jobs that went overseas. [ applause ] >> you want to solve the opioid crisis? we've got to take on the drug -- i've got a solution. let's bring those jobs back to america and we'll solve it. [ applause ] >> you want to solve the inner city problem in this country? i got a real solution. put capital to work. bring manufacturing jobs back. those cities will go through a renaissance. it's not the people that's the problem. it's the system that's the problem. we underwrite -- i was there and some guy who stood up, mr. bannon, nice guy, here's the problem, in nato we're your allie

chubb a hobby horse is the only one iran has on the indian ocean its location is what makes it important the port allows india to bypass pakistan and trading with iran and afghanistan pakistan blocks land based trade between the countries it provides india with a south north trading route that could go as far as russia a test run of wheat from india's dean dale porte a distant for afghanistan was a success one month ago india will now develop her berths at the port and help build a royal line direct to afghanistan not only does this build a transport corridor or independent of pakistan it puts a run at the heart of the initiative how would a time when the u.s. is moving to isolate iran through diplomatic and economic means india and iran first agreed to develop the port together in two thousand and three but it went nowhere after iran was hit with sanctions fourteen years later the two regional powers of joyed with afghanistan to develop trade beyond their borders parts of india are preparing for more bad weather days just after cycling aki back to the south of the country a low pressure

." >> pelley: one of his first journeys was sailing the indian ocean. >> safer: it is on rare days like yes! ( tango music ) >> pelley: in finland, morley and producer john tiffin found that, for some reason, the tango was all the rage. but they found the argentinian dance-- ♪ ♪ --didn't quite translate. >> tango finlandia: it's a sad shuffle in a minor key. with lyrics to reaffirm a couple's instinctive sense of hopelessness. >> safer: vincent was enormously proud. >> pelley: morley loved art, and knew his way around the galleries and museums. there was no better companion for viewing the sublime, and what he considered the ridiculous. >> safer: a sink went for $121,000, and a pair of urinals for $140,000. >> pelley: he'd take a shot every once in a while at the pretentions of the modern art establishment. >> safer: it's a white rectangle. >> right. he's a minimal artist. >> safer: i'd say so. ( laughs ) >> pelley: and then he'd move on, to the next airplane. ♪ ♪ and, as he later recalled, to the next adventure. ♪ ♪ >> safer: you get to travel the world, you get to meet some of the wor

we basically underwrite their security -- to the gulf -- we underwrite their security -- to the indian ocean, where we underwrite their security, to the straits of ma lanka, and territories we underwrite their security, to korea and japan and the northwest pacific, which we underwrite their security. every trade deal we're upside down on. and i hear "the wall street journal" and the financial times in london is going to say bannon doesn't know what he's talking about. negative trade deals are fine, that's a growing economy. tell that to the folks in ohio and pennsylvania and wisconsin and michigan that jobs that went overseas. [ applause ] you want to solve the opioid crisis? we have to take on -- you want to solve the opioid crisis? i have a solution for you. let let's bring those jobs back to america and we'll solve it. [ applause ] you want to solve the inner city problem in this country? i have a real solution for you. put capital to work. bring manufacturing jobs back and those cities will go through a renaissance. it's not the people is the problem. it's the system is the problem. we u

four other british men were arrested while working as guards on a ship to combat piracy in the indian oceanowing years of campaigning by theirfamilies. the foreign office says it worked tirelessly behind the scenes to reunite the men with the families. speaking earlier to victoria derbyshire, billy irving said he felt let down and betrayed during the first three years of his detention. i believe i was let down back in 2014, when the case got quashed. we, by indian law, should have gone home. we had no charges keeping us at all, but the indian government and tamil nadu government refused to release our passports, and basically refused us our right to leave the country. however, the government didn't believe us, they were kind of keeping back and thinking, are these actually innocent men at the time? but, as we've recently found, that they did do a lot to secure our release towards the end. maybe not the last time. from the start, they didn't help. when we first went to prison, we were in prison for the one night, the next morning they came to visit. they didn't speak about anything, they did

afghanistan in an agreement with india and iran, a port they can ship product to to go out to the indian ocean and beyond. they started freight train connections with china. the salma dam was inaugural rated by india and afghanistan recently and the air corridor that greg talked about is a very exciting development because it's long overdue and they need ways to get their products out and that's a way to do that. i'll hand it off. >> that was a great introduction of some of the highlights of where we've been. i'm going to put it in ate l bit in context. it is true that per capita gdp has gone up about 64%. since 202, so overall, the economy has grown, but it is also true that despite our recogniti recognition, it's been hard to mend growth of the private sector. in afghanistan. as jeff mentioned, agricultural employs about 70% and then services are another 55%. so you have a business industrial sector around 25% and then the asian development bank in their last report said maybe the real business sector is 10 to 23% which they'd like to see grow very much. so there's a lot to do out here, even

people in hawaii could control the gozinzas, because they own everything from the west coast to the indian oceannow they're just basically telling them to feel free to do your job. so that's there, those are the immediate ones that leapt out for me but what else is there? what are the priority things we have to get to on the premise that another one of these could take out the navy completely? >> i thought it was interesting how you talked a little bit of the history of this, i think it's important that we keep that in mind because in my view, we're crossing the rubicon again. after the report and much improvement has been made since then. but in the report it talks before how this process was slowly, insidious and over time people may have been confused by the good results that they were getting. i found that to be too much of an excusing of people, and unfortunately, when the curtain was yanked aside by admiral davidson, there are few people standing around, and the music stopped and they went for a chair and they didn't get it, so, admiral aucoin, who i don't know. i sincerely doubt he was --

mr dunn, along with five other british man, had been guards on a ship to combat piracy in the indian ocean, finally back home. —— here he is. afterfour yea rs back home. —— here he is. afterfour years in an indian prison, here he is at newcastle airport, hugging his sister lisa. and his mother margaret. hasn't seen them for four yea rs. margaret. hasn't seen them for four years. my goodness. look how emotional his family are. remember, nick dunn always said he wouldn't really feel like this ordeal was over until he walks through those doors here at the arrivals hall at newcastle airport. well, here he is. he has been dreaming about that for a long time. he says that since he got the news that he would be released from prison, it was like a dream after the nightmare of four years. he could not wait to come back and see his family, spend christmas with them, and do normal things that we ta ke them, and do normal things that we take for granted. he said he wanted a nice, hot bath and a cup of tea. so he has just arrived a nice, hot bath and a cup of tea. so he hasjust arrived back from that c

a search for survivors across the vast arabian sea and indian ocean, all the way up to the maldives.ng communities. they've depended on it for everything. now it's wrecked their lives and shaken their faith. we know trees can help in the fight against climate change, but did you know it's also important to plant them in the right places to see the greatest benefit? the bbc‘s helen briggs has been to london's kew gardens to find out about their role in urban areas in particular. she spoke to damejudi dench about her passion for trees. trees in their winter glory. but they are more than just beautiful. as damejudi dench learned in a new documentary, they are an ally in the fight against climate change. i am told all of those leaves are helping the tree to breathe in more carbon dioxide, which it will then use to grow more branches. it is notjust about planting more trees, it is about the right trees in the right places. these giant trees are very important for drawing down in cities, the high density of trees is important for removing particular matter from the air. you will have less

indian artifacts here. diplomatic gifts that they exchanged on their way to the pacific ocean and back with the indian nations. he had busts of influential thinkers like a french philosopher and a french economist. he even had for broadway musical fans his nemesis hamilton. a bust of hamilton here in this hall which he set on the opposite side of the room of a bust of himself. he liked to tell guests that he would be opposed in death raeter than in life. one visitor once told me that perhaps it was a political hunting trophy because of course jefferson eventually won in the political battle versus hamilton by becoming president of the united states. the dining room is one of the brighter spaces at monticello because of the chrome yellow paint on the walls. it would have been located on the north side of the house which would have been the coldest and darkest side of the house, but that's where breakfast would be served each morning and dinner about 4:00 or 5:00 in the afternoon. jefferson is very famous for his political uses of food. when he was president he would multiple times a week invite politicians to