and this court case was a real blow to indian people who have really revered the indian child welfare act as a tool for them to help reclaim the care of their children and to regain children who have been lost to them. there is a long history of the u.s. government and eventually state governments, too, interfering in indian families. trace this back to the 19th century when the u.s. government decided that it was remove indian children from their environments and place them in boarding schools. they thought this would be a way to assimilate children so they would no longer follow the dictates of their cultures, and they become less dependent on the federal government. so, but this policy was in place until world war ii. at that point, the federal government kind of changed course. they still thought it was beneficial to bring children away from their indian communities, but they had kind of lost faith in the boarding schools as a way to do this. so, gradually, i found in my research that in the 1950's, the federal government moved away from trying to help indian families regain their

the indians get to hudson bay. the french are kind of working in a certain sense a lot harder. are the western indians without a negotiating position with the french, without leverage? what kind of thing do they say, we would love to have a trading relationship with you if? for example, the french abandoned us. as long as the frenchmen remain in our lands, we promise you not to go elsewhere. what's the upshot of that? >> just move from point a to point b. >> they can move and they can have demands on the french. they want a consistent relationship. you can't just come and go. you got to come and stay. they're asking for an ongoing relationship with the french that will be equal in value or predictability to what they can do with the british in hudson bay. they're moving the french. yes, we would love to be your friends but here's what we expect from you. there's a negotiation going on there. on 296, they say we'll keep quiet as he desires and let the sioux do the same. the herd is still sore on account of your son.

in 1758, one year later, a group of indians, an alliance of comanche and wichita indians, and groups from the north annihilate the san saba mission. so seeing that that area, viewing that as unacceptable, the spanish try to pursue the ka manch comanches and their allies north. they find a camp with a stockade and ditch. it's flying a french flag. and the spanish who attacked this fortification claim there's all kinds of guns and ammunition and a french presence there. they claim there are people carrying french flags and wearing french uniforms. the spanish are repelled with about 52 people killed or wounded. the key point is the weakness of the span nicish in texas. they have mobile striking power on horses, they can also build fortifications that can repel a they don't have a clear military advantage in places like texas. that helps explain why there's a spanish movement to texas and why it's relatively limited. mexico is also an interesting case. the other key spanish salient in north america at this time of our course. we'll talk about california on wednesday. new mexico remains

when the indians, the kaw the oroved to the indian nations the indian territory, what is now oklahoma, he really wants to go with them. that is it 73, when he is 13. his indian grandmother, french and indian grandmother, says no, she says you have got to make something of your life, so you have to stay with your wife karen mother -- white grandmother and make something of present. i do not think you can overestimate what those two went on, the impact that those two women had on his life. he comes to to become attends topeka high school, did not graduate, so it is not unusual for people not to graduate since it is a to have in your program. he worked. he had one horse and a buggy, and he borrowed or rented another horse, and he basically runs a taxi service. running the legislators and the attorneys back and forth around the capitol. he reads for the law, as was not uncommon at that point, and that is how he passes the bar. curtis had decades of legislative experience. he was both in congress. he was the first republican senate majority leader. was to some people, some newspaper editor

it was on behalf of indians.it did not succeed of course but it was noticed and it was memorable, and many of the same people after they failed to protect indians moved on to a given cause and became abolitionists and opposed slavery. one of the leaders, one of the organizers of the women's petition movement is a woman named catherine beecher it was an educator whose little sister was harriet beecher stowe, later wrote uncle tom's cabin which was hugely influential in changing white people's attitude about slavery. more questions. go right ahead. someone else with a tie, this is awesome, thank you. >> you spoke about the slavery that the white settlers wanted to bring to cherokee land but also can you speak to, but the cherokees themselves the old, i believe owned slaves implantations? and the other question i had was regarding him if he could speak a little bit about the supreme court case with john marshall. >> absolutely. i'm just delighted by the depth of knowledge in these questions. thank you for reminding

the indians always maintained that they had very light casualties. and the reason we don't know is because they always removed the bodies of the dead and wounded from the field of battle. so they left no trace of how many casualties they took. but we do know that people who survived that fight on the indian side continued to die for months after that, so that probably there were more casualties than the indians first admitted, possibly even as many as the whites sustained. c-span: any photographs from that battle? >> guest: no. c-span: and where do you go in the united states to find all the different accounts that have been written? >> guest: well, there's so many, you would have to go to a good library and hunt around. more has been written about custer and the battle of the little bighorn than almost any other historical american figure. it's really an amazing thing when you consider that custer was not historically significant in the way that other leaders have been, but he has certainly captured the imagination of the nation. c-span: you write t

indian that these ponca had arrived. his beer is said to turn their races south and march the back to indian territory. he knew that that order was tantamount to a death sentence how many times in history military commanders have been given order by superiors that initiate this fierce battle between their military conscience and their civilian conscience. and you can envision him pacing in his home, trying to decide, do i honor as a west point graduate, as a heavily decorated civil war hero, as the highest-ranking man in the army west of the mississippi, do i honor my commanders orders? or do i honor my conscience? you can imagine that at some .1 night that needle that kept flitting back and forth landed the civiliantly on slide and he decided he could not go ahead with that order. .. this table gets on his horse, he writes three miles south under the cover of darkness and enough on the door of the editor of the local newspaper that the time with the omaha daily herald. the door opens late at night, quixotic megalomaniac

indian people are almost all matrilineal. children we may consider today could be half white and half choctaw. some of them just don't appear in historical record as being european or white american because they were indian and part of their tribe. >> you mentioned at the end of the spanish on the french were white. [inaudible] were they working to gather as a unit and how far up the coast -- [inaudible] >> so the french and spanish actually work for a brief time working loosely together. even attempted an invasion of britain itself during the war. [laughter] but it could've happened and things would've gone differently. the french are involved all the way up to rhode island mostly i see. the spanish almost all of their actions aside from the gulf coast and north america were in the west indies said the spanish and the french took quite a few different islands that in fact were on the verge of an aging jamaica when britain agreed to peace. losing massachusetts not that big of a deal, but jamaica is a big deal. actually a mone

the indians always wanted to come in by the water to be warm. that would be their normal way to do it. cap by the water when he got cold. dash cam -- camp by the water when it got cold. when the buses when out on a trail, it was an obvious. any trail or road when he cut a cost -- quite across -- when it cut across the everglades, it made it difficult for the indians. when they set up their villages along the way, sometimes only lien twos, the buses would stop. because he was a tourist attraction. when they came into tourist attractions, they were getting a weekly allotment of food. and they were sometimes getting the rental of sewing machines where carpenter would rent and other people would use them. they would also sometimes get fabric because it behooved tourist attraction people to supply them with fabric. so they were selling and making things for craft market. this is -- sewing and making things for craft market. this is a little boys shirt. this was annexed or mental time for patchwork. -- this was an experimental time for patchwork. this

why allow these indian restaurants to serve only indian food.people don't like indian food. all restaurants should serve all foods. and it should be served to you by only all people. it is only fair. bob don't you think they should ban all ethnic foods? >> ban everything. all ethnic foods. >> eat crackers and cheese. >> at every restaurant. >> yes. >> it is the only way to be fair. >> early 1970s midtown manhattan there is a kosher chinese restaurant called moisha-p king. jewish chinese. chinese food, but kosher. the waiters were all chinese men in boxer rebellion costumes with yamikas on their head. the human rights issue did not exist, but they would have had a case. >> why not so more of that 1234 jews love chinese food, right? >> that's right. >> especially on the holidays. >> it is true. >> my father-in-law lives across the street from a kosher chinese restaurant. it is cho sen chinese restaurant. chosen. that would be long island, the nasa county civil rights. >> are you going to get your way? >> am i getting my way? >> a future where ever

the society of american indians was the first secular indian led rights association that sought to impact policy and to help indian people on the reservations. it was made up of professional people, educators, lawyers, members of the bureau of indian affairs, 52 of them actually gathered here to set the agenda for the future. what was happening at the time, for american indians, the reservation system was appearing to be a failure to many different parties.

as an empire, indians living in waves that were incompatible. if they were incapable of change, destined to be overrun but in fact they had additions that were reasonable and came close to realizing their goals. despite alexander's best efforts it did not come from large numbers to help the british, the british british lost the battle to pensacola and the results of that battle for quite important for the rest of the war. as soon as the british surrounded, west florida and the spanish they sailed to the west indies and tried to sailed north and block allowing the continental army to win at yorktown and persuaded the british to cut their losses to try not to lose anymore colonies and florida hadn't even rebelled. others assume they would continue their power and pull over the land despite who won the war. the settlers wanted their lands and con plantations to spread west it created a different future from what the people of the gulf coast imagine. i will take questions of people have them. >> [applause]. >> i don't have a question i just have a,

physical proof that flight 370 ended in the indian ocean. saima moshin is live at the french laboratory. good morning. >> reporter: good morning, christine. investigators have arrived again. you see the black cars in the distance behind me there inside the laboratory running a second day of tests. there is a disparity between the prime minister of malaysia, razak. he is stating that the flaperon belongs to mh-370. so some of that could be the difference between legalese and the prime minister of the nation. one of the investigators involved is from the australian safety transportation board. we spoke to warren trust, the deputy prime minister of australia. here is what he had to say. >> we know for certain it comes from the boeing 777. that this part does not fit any other aircraft. we are aware the manufacture te time is about consistent when the aircraft operating mh-370 was actually constructed. of course, there are still i's not dotted and t's not crossed. they are now satisfied that the body of evidence is sufficient to say this is wrec

we started collecting primarily american indian pottery. a lot of this isack impha pottery which is from new mexico. these books are revolution through probably 1850. most of these books cover that era which is the era that we cover more with our writing today. a lot of these books we use frequently as well as some of the books down in the library. we look for accuracy in books as well as the reputation of the authors though we do buy a lot of books by new scholars because there are a lot of new things coming out all the time and different interpretations of people. most of these books and on these shelves are not that recent although there are a few here by more recent scholars. plus we collect published papers of a lot of the people we work on, people like andrew jackson, henry clay, george washington a lot of their papers are published so we buy a lot of their works as well. this biography by john sugdon i found fascinating. i'm interested in american indian history as i started doing a lot of work with that. it's one of my favorite book

also vibbling -- individually responsible for advocating that the indian congress happen here at the same time. he would petition the american government to have that here as part of the trans mississippi. a majority of the fundraising as done by another prominent businessman. aha has the distinction of being the only exposition that opened on time and under been. most happened late or didn't happen, or over budget, those types of things. omaha was the model for doing it right and opening on time and knowing what it would cost. this is a model of the grand court of the exposition. this is sort of the main area where the new inventions brought to omaha to be showcased to the world were chibt -- exhibited. two million people came to this over the course of the exposition and all of they will would have wanted to be inside these exposition buildings to see all the new inventions, talk to the new people. it was sort of tv and radio, before there were tv and radio, this is how people found out what was going on in the world. the exposition had the opportunity to have electric lights and m

the united states has a trust responsibility to the indian nations, and the indian tribe entered into treaties with the united states, and as parts of that treaty the indians were required to rely ink wish their right to - i mean in the past if this sort of thing happened if non-indians came on to the reservation and killed a tribal member the tribe, itself would have gone after the offender to get their own vindication. they gave up that right when they entered into a treaty with the united states and in response the united states said we will come in and we will prosecute offenders. and that has not happened here. the u.s. is violating its treaty obligation to the tribe. >> i want to ask you a question and ms bassett, i want you to answer the same question what does all of this say about america? >> they do not honour really our existence. they do not honour the treaties just like ms bassett explained. we have the 1868 fort larrabee treaty that covers the state of south dakota covering wyoming and nebraska and montana. they do not see that as law. they told us long ago that that was

is violating its treaty obligation to the ute indian tribe. >> mr.all, i want to ask a question and ms. bassett i want you to answer the same question. what does this say about america? >> they do not honor really, our existence. they do not honor the treaties just like ms. bassett explained. we have the fort laramie treaty that covers wyoming parts of nebraska and montana. they do not see that as law even though they told us long ago that was the supreme law. that's what we follow. it's one side, we as lakota people are following it, but it's the non-native people within the judicial system in the state of south dakota that comes down from the call of governor dugard who say we will not value native rights especially here in south dakota. >> i thank both of you pore being with us this evening. and coming up next on al jazeera america, a surgery in--a surge of violence in the death of freddie gray. >> organizers behind the justice will mash to washington, d.c. ashington, d.c. j. >> an alleged audio message from the the new taliban leader. he said he'

how they had been removed from their home lands in the dakota territories and forced down in the indian territories. a long journey where people young and old died from the trip being exposed to weather and malnutrition. and he was standing there on a national tour trying to bring attention to this mistreatment. helen jackson was present and something about this case about the story it and story about bright eyes swayed her and she began to become involved and she began to advocate and joined an organization to try to shine a light on the mistreatment of the indians. for the first time in her life she became a woman with a cause. she set her sights on writing a book that would change america's notion of 19th century treatment of american indians. she set to work and in a matter of months she published -- or she wrote "century of dishonor" which was published in 1881 and a record not of the entire history of american indian but of seven tribes. one of which was the pong ka. she meant to shine light on agreements that were forgotten and she to bring attention to wake americans up if you w

we signed up to fight indians and there are no indians over there. we are going home. smith and chandler realized they were beaten. the records came back to austin. thomas william ward came out of the land office very disgusted and said, put the records back in the office. they said, sorry tom, we do not trust you anymore. they buried them in angelina everly's backyard for safekeeping. a city.early died as the population shrank from 1000 when government was here to 200 when it left. in the early 1840's they heard the rustle across the river from the south, wondered of congress avenue, several of them straight through the abandoned capital avenue through the halls of congress. in 1844, and stan jones was elected president is the final president texas. he had been relatively quiet in public about his intentions regarding the capital and did not do anything at first. congress was still meeting in washington. ton the treaty of annexation the united states was approved. in early 1846 they had a ceremony in which jones here in austin at the old capital lowered the texas flag

even though pakistan says the dialogue, they are hopeful that indians will come back with modalities and will get things straight underred out at some point. >> thank you kamal. so liddy dutt. >> certainly from the indian government's perspective as we have been hearing for the number of days, one of the situations is the issue of cross border terrorism which the foreign minister has said did raise in her press conference. she did say as the papers are leading with this morning, if there is to be talks that will take place it will only be on terror. keeping in mind that this comes against the backdrop of an attack in punjab in the last month as well as allegations by india that there are fighters continually coming across from pakistan and india-administered kashmir. that is where india stands. the disputed kashmir should they play a part in the talks? if there are talks, certainly the disputed region has to be a part of it. we are still waiting for more analysis and commentary, we'll hear more on just what the indian government thinks is the way forward on these talks given they've

it has been understood as having been part of the plains indian wars. actually it was part of the civil war as well. the civil war was the war of liberty and also of empire. a war that was spot over what would happen to the american west, what shape an american empire would take, and that sand creek was a byproduct of those struggles. what i believe the park service has tried to do to find the appropriate place for this massacre on the landscape of southeastern colorado and an american memory. >> how you tell the story of sand creek? prof. roberts: right now the national historic site is developing. we are to complete our first management plan for the site. we have not developed an interpretive plan now. what we do tell at the site is granted -- grounded in congress' direction to us. it tells us that this was a massacre that has had 150 years of impact on the cheyenne arapahoe people and part of our job is to foster an understanding of what happened and what the consequences have been. foster an appreciation for the cultural values attached to such a sa

civil war played out in indian country. >> how many victims? >> that is somewhat disputed. somewhere between 150, 225. what is not disputed is the overwhelming majority of people killed were women, children, or the elderly. this was a camp under peace chiefs, made up of people who believed they had forged an uneasy truce with authorities in colorado territory earlier in 1864. in the fall of 1864. >> alexa, the 150th anniversary of the massacre was last year. in 2014. can you talk a little bit about the connection of the massacre to the civil war? alexa: oh gosh. honestly, ari will be the best answer that question. prof. kelman: the way in which the civil war is remembered and popular memory is as a war of liberation. i have a seventh grader. last year he learned in elementary school that president lincoln died so the united states might live. a resurrection story. there is a great deal of truth to this popular conception of what the civil war meant. there is another way of thinking about the war. and that is to understand the civil war as an op

we have the evidence of indian women in this time period being in the fort. and this is a needle made from the rib of a deer. if you look closely, it is decorated here. and these are the types of tools the indian women would use to make the finally woven mats the colonists loved. they talked about them all the time. they sent him home to england. as tapestries. it appears the indian women are sitting in the fort producing no for the colonists' use. we also have evidence of fashioning projectile points or ofow points from the tips deer antlers. so that is another native technology, that is being produced. theseand here's -- see beads made from this muscle. it lives around jamestown. this is a production site for these beads, because they're all unfinished. we have strong these together, but a are all right around the edges. if they should be finished, they end up being very tiny. they are like this. since they are all unfinished, we know that someone is in the process of making these. and that would be most likely the indian women, because that is part of thei

but he really made his fame during the indian wars. he fought against ger on in -- geronimo, against crazy horse at the battle of rosebud and he actually started his career in the pacific northwest. he fought over a period of several decades and over time he became sim pat elt -- sim t etic -- sympathetic to the american -- nate americans and tried to see that the treaties they made were honored. over time i just he just became interested in them and didn't think of them as many of his contemporaries did as less than human. he thought of them as human just as he was. i mean, that sounds ridiculous but at the time it was pretty unusual, so i think he saw that they had families and they loved their children, they loved their husbands and wives and he felt that they were treated very poorly and he wanted to try to do what he could to ensure that they were treated honorablely. he was asked to take them, send them back down to oklahoma with, you know, with no delay. he felt this was a injustice and so he recruited a friend of his, a man nam

ocean. >> the southern indian ocean. of miles away, where no one could likely have survived. family members were shocked. distraught and angry there would be no rescues, no debris. hour, a last hope remained. find the black boxes before they stop emit pings. >> you're not in an ivory tower. you haven't got the luxury of time. you've got pingers that may expire. so you've got to say, this is our best guess now. >> their best guess is a remote area more than twice the size of california. >> good morning. these are all the aircraft flying today. >> the australias take over the search. and soon after the australian ship lowers its towed pinger locator into the water, pings are detected. >> clearly, this is the most promising lead. >> wow, again. >> it was miraculous. they had just put the towed pinger locator in the water. >> i was convinced, this is it. they've got the answer, it's matter of days. >> a robotic submarine scours the 329-square-mile area where the pings were heard. it's painstakingly slow work. and two months

this sort of cowboys, mexicans, indian, romantic ideal.otion of the west and wanted to come out here and sort of create their own version of the west. was that a good thing? >> that's what helps us as a people, as a native culture. as a culture that's been here for these years. we invite you to come and enjoy what we partake in. i mean, the indians had the beans and the chili and the corn. the spanish people brought the pork. i mean, and we put that together, and we have this meal here. >> people love the native culture, they love the hispanic culture here. it wasn't always that way when i was younger. >> you played cowboys and indians as a kid. if there's one american iconic hero, it's the lone cowboy. does that have any resonance at all out here? >> every culture here, mexican, spanish, in pueblo, reservation, white, we all are cowboys here. >> i am a native new mexican. i've gone through strange phases of like my ownership of this place. it's this weird mixed bag of everything here all the time, and that's -- that is the identity. that

, particularly the comanche indians.volunteers to range the countryside. if you owned it, you had it and if you didn't own it, you didn't have it. they banded together to protect from those indian raids and that is how they got their start. involved --rs, they they evolved into the modern law enforcement agency they are today. the evolution took place over 200 years. they are celebrating their anniversary in 2023. most native americans were relocated, so that threat was no longer there. developed during the civil war and after and became a more modern state. as this development came about, the rangers would change. thehe 1900s, you have discovery of oil and texas is the place where you can get rich asked if you have some of that oil. people started coming to texas, so the rangers would work security in the oilfield. there were things in the early 1900s like prohibition. the united states government decided alcohol should be illegal. unfortunately, texas borders mexico and mexico has a lot of tequila. started acting as bo

the question is where in the indian ocean.e information, we will certainly bring it to you here on happening now. ♪ when you're living with diabetes, steady is exciting. only glucerna has carbsteady, clinically proven to help minimize blood sugar spikes. so you stay steady ahead. he needed help all day so i adopted him.r. when my back pain flared up, we both felt it. i tried tylenol but it was 6 pills a day. with aleve it's just two pills, all day. now i'm back! aleve. all day strong. everyone is looking for ways while to cut expenses.s unique, and that's where pg&e's online business energy checkup tool can really help. you can use it to track your actual energy use. find rebates that make equipment upgrades more affordable. even develop a customized energy plan for your company. think of it as a way to take more control over your operating costs. and yet another energy saving opportunity from pg&e. find new ways to save energy and money with pg&e's business energy check-up. months, what happened to malaysia airlines flight 37

it washed up on this remote french island in the middle of the indian ocean.reunion island, it is 2.5 million miles away room where 2 ships are still searching the seabed for the main body of the airplane. that huge distance has reassured investigators they are looking in roughly the right place. if you look at the currents and the wind, that would carry it north, then west across the ocean. that means that nearly a year and a half later it might make land in madagascar were over us -- not a gas car or as far away as south africa. after 15 agonizing days, the families of those on board remain in limbo. >> it is not the end. they still need to find the whole airplane. we still want them back. >> the search for the whole plane remains on the other side of the indian ocean. only when they find the black boxes will they know if this was an accident or something more sinister. laura: i spoke with the former chief of staff of the federal aviation administration. michael, five hundred 15 days after the plane vanished we have a confirmed trace of it, but where does th

so there are a lot of sioux indians around. father was always rather close to them. he understood them. as a young teenager, he had other to learn their language. -- he had father bothered to len their language. so he was really a great friend of the indians, which is a very -- very rare for white people in those days. the net result of that was that he became an37, honorary sue indian chief. chief eagle star. knowledge, he was the only non-politician that has ever been recognized in such a way. so, he received on that occasional full headdress of eagle feathers. all the way to the ground behind. and i inherited that. and just a couple years ago i lresented it to the lcooca library as part of their western united states collection. that's now out of my hands. but they take good care of these things. then after high school, i went to shattering state college derin state- sha college, there is a geological formation called a shaderin formation. it is named for the formation. thet it is where the, where high plains start to break away in southlower country dakota. and t

our business editor has been taking the pulse of the indian economy in delhi. reporter: india, a country on the move, with a government that wants it to be the next economic miracle. with more than one billion people, it could become the world's third-largest economy in the next 10 years, as fears over china grow, india is rising. india's proposed economic revolution, delhi. prime minister narendra modi runs a government just down the road and he says he wants to release the potential of the indian people. 2020,xperts say that by india will have the largest middle class in the world, and that is a lot of consumers. it has got all the big names you would expect in any western city, but this is select city, hamill in north delhi. it is where the middle classes like to shop. >> they like change and they want change now. >> i don't think we can compete with china because they are far ahead, but we are catching up. reporter: the yellow diggers of jcb, british-owned and one of india's biggest. toufacturers, they used produce five machines a day at this factory near d

terrorism, that the indian government says pakistan is aware of and has the ability to help solve. without it, the indian government says without decisions there can be no viable or sustainable discussions between both countries, islamabad was a more broader pallet. including the issue of disputed kashmir regions. the disputed kashmir region is not on the agenda in the talks. >> anti-abortion protesters staged rallies. at thousands ever sights across the u.s. banners condemning the practices. the rallies were planned following the release of a video from an anti-abortion group on friday, saying it shows members of planned parenthood negotiating prices for aborted foetal tissue. the protesters want funding cut to the group >>> digital art is nothing new. it's been around as long as the computer. as the art is more sophisticated, so, too, is the way it's show cased. >> reporter: hi, meet latervo. >> i'm a digital artist. >> this is the curator of panther modern. >> i create architecture for other artists. >> unlike other online galleries connected to a physical space, panther exists

the india would be a candidate particularly indian women.indian and a nepalese women when women appreciate it they really weren't appreciated over there. their duty for centuries was to when their husbands either their spouse dies was to jump on the funeral pyre of the husband and a malik themselves along with the husband. there's one particular story about a nepalese queen who will did all sorts of power until the husband died three forced into this ritual. india, there's another indian emperor who was old and fell in love. this was the same guy that of the taj mahal and he took this early form of with life changing results for india. he ended up not being able to go to the bathroom because of this perpetual state that he was then and his son took advantage of that and started a war and they destroyed each other. the results of this war millions of indians died and the poor guy ended up in prison with a few of the taj mahal in front of him until he was able to join his beloved. so those are the kinds of tales. and it was interesting there i

anyway, we can come back to the indians if people are as fascinated with them as i am and lolis is. on another theme altogether, new orleans has been called the northernmost banana republic. it has also, and i think with equal relevance, been called the southernmost part of the rust belt. so you can liken us to detroit which is maybe the more immediate and/or current analogy -- >> and the westernmost mediterranean. >> uh-huh, that's right. we do have our share of -- >> and one of my favorite jokes about new orleans is that you have to go north of i-10 to get to the south. >> that's right. mississippi is deeply southern is, and new orleans is a caribbean port. it's very different. all of which is by way of prologue to say that new orleans had been hugely blighted in its detroit mode well before katrina and the levee perhaps. that was certainly not alleviated one bit by 230,000 housing units being destroyed in the flood. we have in our midst a very close scholar of blight and of the particularities of blight in new orleans, and i just thought karen could bring us up to speed on that w

after the american revolution of course the indian trade was over as farmers with dan and filled the backcountry and increasing numbers of land sessions from the creeks and the cherokees with which the indians all the way out of georgia. the initial farmers that lived in this area were producing tobacco. many of them had come from virginia and the carolinas where that was the cash crop and tobacco grew in this area as well so in the 1780s, 90s, we see augustine's and people in the countryside producing large numbers of tobacco that was put into what were called hogsheads and moved into town and basically big barrels that were then turned on their side. and axl put through the center hooked up to a team of horses and then world to town. that was how people made their money. the roads on which they were rolled and came to be called tobacco road because they followed bridges to keep the tobacco from going through low-lying areas where it might get wet. so tobacco was the center of a lot of augusta trade for years and then in the 1790s, 1793 to be exact a connecticut inventor named eli w

as a result, this scene captured by an indian crew, became a daily event.ge is bidding farewell to its sons. they were among the estimated two million young north vietnamese men sent into battle. many headed to the battlefield after only three months of basic training. another scene filmed by the japanese agency. but there is no record of where the footage was taken. the documentation was lost. who are these village youths? what were they thinking as they headed off to battle? did they ever return home? 40 years after the guns fell silent, we went looking for these young men. >> april 2015, our crew begins in vietnam's capital of hanoi. our first interview is with doan, who is 66. during the war, north vietnamese authorities assigned him to act as an interpreter. two interpreters were assigned full time to the office. we asked him to view the film. it seems he hasn't seen it before. and he can't recall going on the shoot. but he thinks he knows who did. >> translator: it might have been qui who went on the shoot. qui was older. for that reason, people in th

experts examining a plane piece washed ashore in the indian ocean. does it belong to mh-370? >>> california on fire. dozens of homes destroyed. thousands evacuated. good morning. welcome to "early start." i'm christine romans. >> i'm john berman. nice to be with you again. it is monday, august 3rd. the political world buzzing over a possible shake-up in the 2016 race. the new york times reporting vice president joe biden has begun actively ex-ploreing a white house run. the democrats close to biden said he has not made up his mind. a biden spokeswoman says the family is still grieving and the rumor is premature and inappropriate. he would face a daunting prospect taking on hillary clinton who has ramped up in a number of states. the clinton campaign is not worried. >> we will let him make a decision. however hard it is to secure a democratic nomination it is hard. there are views in the democratic party. we will be prepared to handle whatever comes our way. >> the clinton campaign rolled out the first set of television ads in iowa and new hampshire. there is just as much dram

the main search area for the wreckage which is in the southern indian ocean. is that the right call? >> yeah that's the right thing. because if you, as david knows if you reverse engineer this and track back from reunion to back to the eastern part of the indian ocean, you end up roughly where they're searching. now, it still is an norm area to search and nobody knows better than david, i think, how challenging it is because it goes down i think, as far as 2.9 miles. it's an extraordinary landscape under there. it's like a miniature alps with mountains and valleys is. they've got very good sonar to scan that. but i would point out that we really won't know the final answer to this until we get hold of the flight data recorder and the flight voice recorder. and in the case of 447, they were down there for two years, and yet when they pulled it up they were still able to show their story. >> it's a very good point and an important comparison to paycheckmake. clive, also before the debris appeared there was this preliminary assessment from u.s. intelligence agenc

yosemite park it dates back before the area became is a popular vacation it i sites it was home to indiansthe camp where the coral now stands up and artifacts are found sometimes arrest this was the tree that the native people calm for the ac accordions that had a high food value the acorns were fatally off the trees in september but they would come up prosecute the foothills and were recipe the same as the people that came to camp camp is celebrating it's 90th year and the indians were up here for 4 thousand we see every day of them in the grinding rocks around the camp we have about 15 grinding sites in came so it was a major summer report area for the 92 hawks. >> through there are signs that prosperity were in the area it was not until the early part of the century with the 76 began the construction of damn in helpfully a say mill was billed open the left hand of the math for the construction by which lake was used to float logs needed for the project at the same time the yosemite park and company used the other side of the camp to house tourists interesting in seeing the national park

he was the first official to carry word of american ownership of this region to american indian people out here, to create a map of the region, to identify resources that were here in the american west, and .o determine boundaries when jefferson bought the louisiana territory, the anddaries were disputed, the spanish would not have agreed with what thomas jefferson thought he acquired. and even if that dispute had not happened, it was still not quite clear where one country ended and another country began, because that was defined by drainages,age is, -- and as the zebulon pike was crossing, shortly after entering what we now think of as colorado, he could again to see the mountains, which he called the grand peak. he identified the mountains as a location where he could get high to understandin how the rivers flowed. he looked down on the planes and area, and itng helped him to map the region. when i was here, he thought he would reach the top within a few days, but it really takes week. partly because in the east, where pike grew up, you do not have this does -- you do not ise vistas

a french island in the french indian ocean, near madagascar. complete opposite direction where it was supposed to be going. that becomes weird and suspicious. such a gigantic expanse of ocean to search for something as mall as a black box. >> absolutely, absolutely. the black boxes are heavy. they sank to the bottom of the ocean most likely because they were still attached to the air frame. this piece that was floating was much lighter, and so we may indeed find other pieces over the course of the next few months on the eastern shore of other islands, but are we going to find the fuselage? again, very, very doubtful. it's not even a needle in a haystack because we don't even know where the haystack is right now. >> excellent point. we have george hamlin joining the conversation, transportation consulting president. george, when you heard that the pieces were indeed from the mystery flight that had disappeared 17 months ago, what was your first thought? >> i can comment previously about closure. this is something the families involved take a mod

. >> there's a new shop in town that caters to the indian brides. i chased this to -- where he met quattara and it's an upscale fashion boutique in bridal boutique that caters to south asian brides that typically find themselves having to settle because most stores don't cater to indian brides and there's a lack of choices for them in america. >> you would be able to order this and find in the three colors that are available. >> every star is different and we want our clients to feel like that when they walk into the store. >> since i'm not typically shopping for a traditional indian sorry i brought my friend to give me perspective. shouldn't. the shopping at bloomingdale's we can walk around and feel the materials. >> the store is very modern and it was a great experience. >> i took a look for myself. hollywood meets bollywood. this is a more modern dress for the modern girl. a western down. you can arrange an appointment or stop by the store whether you are a bright looking for a dresser looking for typical party dress for a fun night. >> very dif

they have been blind-sided by what they call a back room deal between county supervisors and local indian tribe. the deal paves the way for possible tribal homeland and commercial development near winds or in sonoma county as you see on the map. agreement was reached with almost no public input and tonight hundreds of residents packed town meeting to learn more and make their voices heard. many believe they should have been consulted years ago. >> for more than decade the indian has been buying land around the town of windsor to create a tribal homeland pro-postal first included high endd community buildings but when the county finally made a deal with the trib the plan changed to include the possibility of a large winery and resort. angry residents have gathered almost 1500 signatures training to stop it. >> where are they going to get the world trade center for the winery, the hotel, the spa, the restaurants and the 350 homes that they are going to build. >>reporter: money to build all that is coming from the tribe casino in san pablo. gaming profits paid for more than 5 hz acres and th