in san francisco, zack heene, cbs 5. >>> treating insomnia without pills. the new therapy that's helping millions sleep through the night. next. doctor kim mulvihill explains a different th effe >>> millions of americans suffering from insomnia often turn to medication. dr. kim explains a different therapy can be just as effective without the side effects. >>> reporter: jeffrey childs has suffered through many sleepless nights making it tough to function during the day. >> i would have fragmented sleep of an hour.5 at a time. >> reporter: after years of insomnia, he got help from a sleep psychologist, who suggested he try cognitive behavioral therapy. first, behavioral changes. patients should eliminate caffeine in the afternoon. exercise late in the day, wind down an hour before bed. that means no tv. have a regular sleep schedule, and no napping during the day. >> i have an active mind that keeps racing. >> reporter: next comes the cognitive part of the therapy which includes relaxation techniques like meditation. >> we'll teach them ways to quiet their m

, one study also in central pennsylvania showed people who had insomnia, had a four times higher risk of dying it is not clear it is the pills that do the whole problem some has to do with having insomnia, the lesson from that is doctors need to take insomnia, more seriously people who have trouble sleeping need to take it more seriously. >> okay so the question would be then, if there are some people who are going to say i will take my chances with insomnia, what would you say to those viewers versus taking a sleeping pill that might reduce my life span. >> we all take our chances but people who are not sleeping well have a higher risk of having a car crash. people who learn self-hypnosis, relaxation, guiding your mind to certain relaxing patterns people need to be willing to put in the psychological effort and time to do those exercises there are good books on the market to help people do that good psychological professionals who can teach that to people who have insomnia. >> you said at the top of this interview it raised a lot of questions now that need to be looked at what are yo

about. >> reporter: insomnia is not a disease.ually a symptom. it may be the first symptom of something more serious. like heart disease, fluid backing up in the chest cavity can wake you up. diabetes, getting up to go to the bathroom can be an early warning sign. asthma, breathing difficulties can make rest hard to come by. even cancer, hormonal changes and unexplained pain can keep you up at night. sleeping pills are powerful. they act on the same part of the brain that valium does. quieting activity. and ambien and drugs like it have been linked to worrying side effects. like sleep eating and sleep driving. >> night after night and for two, three, four months or whatever, the patient can't sleep, then it's time to go have another look. >> reporter: so if you can't sleep, this is a kind of wake-up call. don't just ask for a prescription. you need to look to see why you can't sleep. >> and short term, long term use, any conclusions? >> short term is fine. if you're having long term insomnia, it's like a mystery you have to solve.

how you can fight insomnia, without using medication. >>> new development today in the california school story. the unusual deal the school board makes with one teacher. >>> and it's friday. will some wintry weather affect your weekend plans? the updated forecast is coming up. [ female announcer ] there's surprising news about whole grain and the cereals your kids love. ♪ now all general mills big g kid cereals have more whole grain than any other ingredient. the same great taste they love in cereals like lucky charms and cinnamon toast crunch with whole grain that they need. just look for the white check, only on general mills big g kid cereals, the delicious way to help them grow up strong. now with more whole grain than any other ingredient. >>> violence erumentses in the- - erupts in the streets of greece. 48-hour nationwide strike started this morning, which quickly turned into a showdown between police and protestors. greece's new auster itplan would make -- austerity plan. >>> london is testing an electronic monitoring device that would force persistent alcohol offenders to stop d

you can't concentrate as well. >> after years of battling insomnia. childs reached out to a sleep specialist. dr. shelby harris suggested he try cognitive behavioral therapy. >> let's look at your sleep diary. >> dr. harris helps patients change their behaviors. eliminate caffeine in the afternoon. avoid exercise late in the day and wind down an hour before bed. that means no tv. >> i have an active mind that keeps racing. >> next comes the cognitive part of the therapy, which includes relaxation techniques, including meditation. >> it will teach them ways to quiet their minds. >> insomnia is the most common sleep problem affecting about 60 million people. but it often goes undiagnosed and can have serious health effects. >> problems with memory, attention, concentration, increased risk of stroke. heart attack. increased risk of accidents. >> research shows talk therapy can be just as effective as medication to treat sleepless nights. child didn't want to rely on sleeping pills, so this was the option for him. >> i work better. i have more energy. >>

. >> reporter: millions of americans suffer from insomnia. from medications to get relief. but as randall pinkston reports for wjz, research shows cognitive behavioral therapy, or talk therapy can be just as effective. >> reporter: jeffrey childs has suffered through many sleepless nights, making it difficult to function during the day. >> i would have fragments of sleep, of an hour and a half at a time. for your work, you can't concentrate as well. >> reporter: after years of insomnia, childs finally reached out to a sleep specialist. dr. shelby harris suggested he try cognitive behavioral therapy. >> let's look at your sleep diary. >> reporter: to start, dr. harris helps patients change their behaviors. patients should eliminate caffeine in the afternoon, exercise late in the day, and wind down an hour before bed. that means no tv. >> i have an active mind that keeps racing. >> reporter: next comes the cognitive part of the therapy, which includes relaxation techniques, such as meditation. >> we'll teach them ways to quiet their mind, and a

experience periodic insomnia and about 10% experience conic insomnia.oshua weiner joins us to tell us what to do without getting a prescription drug to take care of the problem. welcome. this is a problem for a lot of people. >> lot of people suffer with sleep problems. yes. >> maybe some chronically and some just every now and then. what exactly is insee knee a? >> as the intro said, it is a problem where the people have a hard time falling asleep, they wake up frequently during the night or just in general find that their sleep is not restorative and they are tired during the day and it impacts their functioning. >> what causes it? >> there can be numerous factors that can contribute to someone having insomnia and there are medical problems, thyroid problems, for instance, reflux disease, that can cause sleep problems. there are medications like antidepressants, blood pressure medications, steroids, those can cause insomnia. most cases are due to anxiety disorders. or depression or to just bad sleep habits. >> in these tough economic times a lot of pe

i know my aunt cathy is because of her insomnia. >> you call it insomnia. we call it job security.leeping pills have never been more popular. and that's why a new study, which links sleeping pills and increased risk of death, is getting so much attention. abc's dr. richard besser has the details. >> reporter: over two years people who took sleeping pills were at least 3 1/2 times more likely to die. of all causes. than those who didn't take these pills. it's news that will hit home for the 10% of americans who took a sleeping pill at least one time in the past year. >> i would rather not be on a nightly pill. >> insomnia just seems to never go away. >> reporter: one concern -- sleeping pills could delay a critical diagnosis. >> the higher death rate seen in people using sleeping pills may well reflect the diseases that they have which bring the insomnia about. >> reporter: insomnia is not a disease. it's usually a symptom. it may be the first symptom of something more serious. like heart disease, fluid backing up in the chest cavity can wake you up. diabetes. getting up to go to th

seen in people using sleeping pills may well reflect the diseases that they have which bring the insomniania is not a disease that is a symptom and may be the first symptom something more serious like heart disease or possibly even cancer. >>> a sister ship to the costa concordia. >> what happened on board the costa allegra that has crews making their way to that cruise liner. >>> voters in michigan head to the polls today. we have a live report from detroit where the race is pretty much up for grabs. hey guys, breakfast! ♪ [ female announcer ] if whole grain isn't the first ingredient in your breakfast cereal, what is? now, in every box of general mills big g cereal, there's more whole grain than any other ingredient. that's why it's listed first on the side. from honey nut cheerios to cinnamon toast crunch to lucky charms, get more whole grain than any other ingredient... without question. just look for the white check. >>> it is primary day in arizona as well as michigan. polls in michigan will open in about 90 minutes. and then the fury begins. kim russell from the sister station in m

seen in people using sleeping pills may well reflect the diseases that they have which bring the insomnia about. >> insomnia may be the first symptom of something seriouslike cancer heart disease diabetes asthma or hormonal changes. >>> the word more americans are going to emergency rooms for routine dental problems. a study found it's going on er rooms often cost ten times more than preventive care offering far fewer treatment options than a dentist office. shortage of dentist including those who treat medicaid patients are believed to be part of the growing problem. >>> democracy 2012 polls for the michigan primary will be open at 7 this morning and there's lot riding on it for moat mitt romney and rick santorum and arizona will hold their primary today. there are 59 delegates at stake in both states with more than 1100 votesed to cap torr nomination. -- votes needed to capture nomination. kim russell joins us in southfield. good morning. >> reporter: good morning. i am live in front of one of the polling low cage that is will open in over a half-hour. workers have been coming and going

>>reporter: insomnia not a disease. it's usual lay symptom. may the first symptom of something more serious. lake heart disease. fluid back up in the chest cavity can wake you up. diabetes. getting up to good to the bathroom is an early warning sign. asthma. breathing difficulty can make rest hard to come by. even cancer. hormone changes. unexplained pain can keep you up at night. sleeping pills are powerful. they act on the same part of the brain that valium does. quieting activity the. ambien drug lake it link to worrying side effects la sleep driving and sleep eating. >> night after night and for 2, 3, 4 months or whatever the patient can't sleep then time to go have another look. >>reporter: dr. richard vesser abc news, new york. >>> all right. spencer is here with the full accu-weather forecast. we have got snow and rain to talk b.check this out. chains required on highway 50 and 80 right now. people change up on 50 towards south lake tahoe and so many scenes not like this this year. wide open no snow on 50 and 80. >> that's true. more sn

some doctors point out insomnia.mptom to an underlying disease like heart disease or cancer. >> thank you. >>> a developing story this morning. a cruise ship drifting powerless at sea is now being towed to safety. a french fishing boat is towing the "costa allegra" to a nearby island. it should take a day to get there. more than 1,000 passengers and crew are on board the ship. a generator fire set the cruise liner adrift at sea in a region where somali pirates prey on ships. the incident comes six weeks after another costa ship, the "concordia" wrecked off the italian coast, killing 32 people. >>> carnival cruise lines says it is canceling its onshore tours in puerto vallarta, mexico. attackers robbed 22 passengers on a bus at gunpoint during the jungle ex-turgz. the passengers were guests on the cruise ship carnival "splendor." carnival will reimburse passengers for losses and help replace documents taken. earlier this month, the u.s. state department issued a warning about travel to mexico because of the rising vio

between 50 million and 70 million americans suffer from insomnia. the sleep disorder comes with considerable health risks. heart disease, stroke and obesity. this new study shows that combatting a sleepless night can also be dangerous. the study which was publish order the online british medical journal looked at more than 35,000 patients. about a third of whom took popular sleep aid like lunesta or ambien. they found in a period of 2 1/2 years about one in every 16 people taking a sleeping pill died. that's compared to just one death in every 80 patients not on a sleep aid. meaning the death rate was more than four times higher among those looking to control their insomnia. now something that the study didn't 2350i7bd was a cause for the higher death rate. sleeping pills are known to cause drowsiness, depression, alter your breathing patterns and increase the ricks of suicide. dr. nancy snyderman also pointed out that how and when you take the pull could be dangerous. >> a lot of people take them. just because they think they have to clock in seven

. >> reporter: between 50 and 70 million americans suffer from insomnia.he sleep disorder comes with health risks like heart disease, stroke, and obesity. now this new study shows that combating a sleepless night can actually also be a bit dangerous. the study which was published in the online british medical journal looked at more than 35,000 patients. about 1/3 of whom took popular sleep aids like lunesta and ambien. what they found in a period of just 2 1/2 years is about one in every 16 people taking a sleeping pill died. that's kpier ecompared to one io died who were not using sleeping pills. the death rate was more than four times higher among those looking to control their insomnia. something the study did not find was a cause for the higher death rate. sleeping pills are known to cause drowsiness, depression, altered breathing pattern, even increase the risk of suicide. some doctors point out insomnia can be a symptom of an underlying problem like heart disease, diabetes, or cancer, which could be the cause of the death rather than the medication i

for more information go to -- >>> more -- new warning about a popular treatment for insomnia. >>> tapedily getting bigger. . >> if you take sleeping pills to get shut eye a new study may have you considering. a new study shows adults who take sleeping pills may be four times more likely to die earlier. researchers that is true when people take small doses. those folks may be more prone to cancer. estimated 50 to 70 million americans suffer from insomnia and other sleep disorders. >>> this is an exciting time for bird watchers in san jose. clara the momma falcon atop city hall has laid her first egg of the season. the predatory bird research group expects a second egg to drop today maybe by friday a couple more. clara is expected to be ing nest for the next 33 days until the new chicks have come out of their shells literally and figuratively. >> she will have to work hard to get food to feed her babies that's a momma talking she knows. >> exactly. >> what you need to know to get in on a free break fast this morning. >> the protest that left officers injured. new -- >> grim update, new de

>> you named her after an insomnia medicine? >> that is an insomnia medicine? i was told it is a quaint african village. >> no, it has a glowing butter flai. >> her name might be alowicious. i haven't talked to her in a longtime. >> you mentioned you want to keep the government out of the bedroom and i agree with the way you do it, tucker. like i said, anything that goes on in the bedroom should be between you and your partner and a donkey and your web subscribers. >> that's literally exactly right. it is pay per view too. >> i know you were thrown by the fact that brooke is canadian. >> it is like invasion of the body snatchers. you are not sure who is who. >> i am more american than you are right now. >> when you find out somebody is canadian, isn't it like finding out they are adopted? >> that is unsettling, but it is so much worse than that. >> here we have been talking like we grew up the same way, and then it is like, wow, it must have been crazy to grow up that way. >> i can hear you guys. >> tucker, i have to mention you said you would vote for jeffrey

they looked at different medications all used to treat insomnia. if you are not getting enough of mega 3 fatty acids it could be hurting your memory. diet low in nutrients found in fish, may cause you to lose thinking functions. people scored lower on problem solving and multitasking tests. a study suggestions having a stint implanted is no better than medical therapy for it. they looked at 8 studies involving 7000 patients over 4- year period finding people with stints to keep arterys open did not have a big reduction in death or heart problems when compared to patient whose received medication instead. >>> check back in with eye witness news at 4:00, 5:00 and 6:00, the latest on the court hearing today for a teenager accused of shooting and killing two students at a northeast ohio high school. >>> still stranded, updating the story of the costa allegra adrift in the indian ocean. join us for the stories and breaking news at 4:00, after dr. phil. stay with us, the 2-month forecast is coming right up. ,,, >>> a live look at the carousel. >> what a

. >>> coming up at 5:00, help for the 60 million americans suffering with insomnia. the new therapy that doesn't involve medication. >> and ordering bouquets online for valentine's day, well, we're going to put some websites to the test. that and much more tonight at 5:00. >> we had a lot of flowers around the newsroom this week. >> would you like to make your valentine's day extra sweet? >> a cupcake store in pennsylvania featuring a red velvet cupcake has a $55,000 diamond ring on it. one way to make her say yes sue that would work. >> too sweet. doesn't you this? i. >> nope. >> 8 carats? >> i pity your poor bride on tuesday. >> take care. >> caption colorado, llc comments@captioncolorado.com

the concussions had caused migraine headaches, mood swings, insomnia, and depression.s is why he chose not >>> question, by what right is congress able to conduct hearings on concussions in the nfl? pat? >> they can conduct hearings on anything they want, john. but i take the imp taking of your question. i think congress which is the least popular institution perhaps in the united states holding hearings on the most popular institution, the nfl, i think is absurd. they ought to stay out of it. it's a serious problem. i think the nfl ought to deal with it but i don't think the congress a ought -- >> there's a very serious issue. ites also high school football. there's an estimated 100,000 concussions every year in high school football, so they've got to find a way to deal with that problem. else that a very serious. >> than even you think! concussions in football are not just an issue for the nfl. lots of young americans even starting at age 6 or 7 play football. a 2010 study by purdue university and indiana university published in the journal of neurotrauma found an es

person observed developed a stress-related physical or mental ailment ranging from weight gain and insomniaat this time passion and arthritis. maybe a case where hard work is not its own reward actually. >>> that will do it for us today. thank you so much for joining me. next week, hope you will be here, can there be an end to illness? i will talk to the doctor who says what we know about living healthy may be wrong. join us for that interview each week here where wall street meets main street. have a great week, everybody. i will see you again next weekend.

he's only revealing it to you and people with insomnia on c-span. >> so i'm going to sleep well. it's okay. >> mcclellan was very smart. so he built 20 officers. ten were for the russians, ten for us and left the doors open so we could wander in and out. the manager of the -- on the soviet side who was there to help us came in to me very agitated one day. he said, come over here. i came to the top. we could look down. he pointed to you. >> uh-oh. >> he said, she has to go home. and i said, what are you talking about? she's not american. i said, what do you mean she's not american? she's american as i am. no. she speaks russian like me without an accent. >> oh, my god. >> i said, of course. her mother was born here. and they spoke russian at home. you had told me that. >> uh-huh. >> but i never told you that. >> i appreciate that. >> he just threw up his hands. >> thank you for keeping me there. >> before i show you the next photo, i want you to know that we did not -- nobody has paid product placement. can we see the next photo, please? george, how did you get to be -- >> you hav

concerned the new product is actually a downer for your help, because it can cause a fast heart rate, insomnia, and irritability. >> you would sort it much more quickly, and a higher percentage than you would if you drink something. it is easier to get into trouble faster. >> any manufacturers say you should not have more than three inhalations a day, and advise people who are pregnant, sensitive to capping, or under to avoid it- and sethe age of 2 completely. >> taking a look at an industry that is having a tough time this season. >> old man winter is still on vacation. >> no denying it has been a mild winter. that is not a bad thing when you spend your time working outside. no jacket at the end of february. peter kerry says it is the nice getting these jobs started on time and not having to worry about concrete freezing. >> we can pour concrete and not worry about it freezing at night. the weather forecast is always important for us. it has been a great winter to work. >> not so great if you are in the snow removal business. it has been a top go. for others to depend on the effects of bad we

this is great if you suffer from headaches, insomnia and fatigue. >> this is a great overall body stressis the next one. the child pose, right? >> absolutely. let's transition. >> al! >> okay, child pose. >> this is al's favorite pose, too. because it's named after children. >> open up your knees wide enough so you can place a pillow between your thighs. >> i do it without a pillow. >> it's more calming and relaxing with support. so bring the pillow in. >> toes are together, right? >> toes together. as you exhale gently, rest your torso down on the pillow like you're taking a nap. >> i'm relaxed except for al roker, the look on his face. >> this pose is excellent for relieving tension in the neck and back. >> okay. finally, really quickly, we're going to do quick breathing but at home this is good to clear your nasal passages and just help relieve tension. >> it actually lowers the heart rate. it calms an overstimulated nervous system. you're a righty? >> correct. >> we're going to fold down every thifinger except the thum and ring finger. take a deep inhalation. close the left with the

insomnia? notes the answer answered and adds the numbers and if you rate over 18 points. then your depression, you are said to have depression. what we do, what doctors do and they measure the affect of antidepressants to measure how much it moves the scores on the hamilton scale. >> john: how much you get better? >> better or not. >> john: people say, they help with confidence and confidence is present requisite of all successful endeavors. rosie o'donnell. jim carrey talked on tv using prozac. people think it works for them. >>> hu laurie, he talks about confidence. there is no question the drugs do something but we don't know what it is. the drug industry has spent most of their time measuring them against the hamilton rating scale which is lousy way to measure what they do. it happens to be convenient because it allows them to say these are the drugs that are treating depression. in reality the drugs are some like people take recreationly to enhance their world. there are drugs to help func

the other studies showed it was the sleeping pill, not the insomnia, that was associated with death. >> in your research -- i know i asked you about the cause and effect -- but were you able to figure out what is it about a sleeping pill, about any of these drugs that would cause an early death? was there something specific that you were able to find or pinpoint? >> this study didn't pinpoint the causes but we know very well what some of the causes are. these are drugs that are used to execute prisoners, people die of overdose from these drugs. they make sleep apnea worse. they cause depression. suicide is increased among sleeping pill users. infections are increased among sleeping pill users. cancers are increased among sleeping pill users. so those are some of the causes and probably not all. >> all right. dr. daniel krike, appreciate your time and it was definitely an interesting conversation to be had. thank you very much. >> thank you. >>> of course, we'll get to much more on the devastating tornado damage throughout the midwest. we can tell you that eight people are reported de

are the pills to blame or underlying factors that suffer from insomnia? sleep expert talked about that on cbs this morning. >> i think there is an association that they saw with higher doses and you can certainly see that. if you are over using sleeping pills, you are going to be drowsy. you might be driving with it. you have other kinds of accidents. that's clearly a problem that should be dealt with. >> you might not also not realize you have sleep apnia. the study showed higher doses of sleeping pills was associated with an increased cancer risk and they don't know why. the makers of the drug maintain they have a proven safety track record. >> all right, in just 18 days, 21,000 runners are expected to hit the streets of washington for the sun trust, let me get this right. the 2012 sun trust rock and roll u.s.a. marathon. >> and 9news now will bring you the event live on the historic saturday, march 17, anchor and cohost is here. he has a special announcement about the race. >> i can tell you from personal experience, rock and roll marathons are great b

saw doctors and his concussion symptoms, which were painful headaches, insomnia, and irritability eventuallysided. 2009, he was sidelined most of the year by a knee injury, but by 2010, his senior year, a.j. was back. he started off the season getting a fifth mild concussion. and then, in the conference championship -- >> i remember getting hit hard. i remember that actually rang my bell. >> the sixth concussion would end a.j.'s football career. >> and like four other players in greenville that season, a.j. now suffered from post-concussion syndrome or mild traumatic brain injury. for weeks, months, even years, a.j. could have headaches, difficulty concentrating, emotional irritability. his dreams, like jaquan's of getting a football scholarship vanished. >> at the time, i wasn't aware of how bad it really could affect me and eventually did affect me and i was just thinking, i've got to get back on the field and help the team win. >> and a.j. isn't alone. every season, according to the sports concussion institute, one in ten the high school football players get a concussion. 35% get more tha

informing insomnia

. >> insomnia, alcoholism, heart palpitations, eating disorders and an explosive temper. don't know where they get this stuff. it's junk science. explosive temper, come on. >> i would point out that people are starting at wage levels that are below law firms. it's the first time since the mid-'80s that this is happened. when kravath and davis poll were the places to work. i think that's a tough life, too. i do point out it is remarkable, remarkable moment where people would rather work at google or kravath than they would at goldman or morgan. >> send the responses along. meantime, on your mark, get set and go with cramer. his mad dash is ahead on the opening bell. that's next. >>> as we head to break, we'll take a look once again at u.s. futures. it has been a mixed bag. looks like we are strengthening a bit with the dow looking to open with a 14-point gain. with a new view of the market, you could see an investment opportunity you didn't see before. fidelity's next generation ipad app lets you see what's trending around the world, as well as what over a million fidelity

what we don't know is it because you have insomnia and that has an increased risk of death?eping problems? maybe you're getting m misdiagnosed? it is frightening. >> it is. they compare it to the risk of smoking. >> well, thing that's a little bit over the top. >> that they're being over the top. >> yeah. we don't know that there's a direct association yet. it's not necessarily the pill that's causing the problem. i think there is an association that they saw with higher doses and you can certainly see that. if you're overusing sleeping pills, you're going to be drouzy, driving with it, you're going to have accidents. that's clearly a problem that needs to be dealt with. >> when you're a doctor looking at a sleeping disorder, when you see a study like this, what do you do? do y do you vette it, analyze it? >> you read it carefully and look at wait means. there is an association. in my mind i want to know what the association is. they's going to take more work to figure out, as i said, is it the sleeping pills themselves? i think that's probably an oversimplification. >> have

she apparently had insomnia, needed something to ease her anxiety, help her to sleep, and so that couldactor. plus she also had a voice infection, a throat infection and needed to relax. remember, she was really kind of going from zero to 100 with this movie and really kind of getting up to speed. all of that may have played a factor, plus a very, very warm bath. fatigue. there are a lot of different things the medical examiner and coroner are going to be looking at to see what ultimately did it. >> we just don't know yet. as far as her fans, deb, and she has so many, and a lot of them want their chanc to pay their respects. we noted that the funeral and the gravesite is private saturday, so when will the public have a chance to memorialize her? >> a number of folks i talked to today are disappointed. they were looking forward to some memorial at a local arena here, and when they found out it likely wasn't going to happen, it appears that the mayor of the city, the mayor of newark, rory booker, may have been planning something. the funeral director is not aware of any public memorial se

a new study shows medications for short term insomnia are linked to a nearly fourfold increase in deathtake small doses. uh-oh! got to go off the meds. brian? >> they risk their lives for this country. now those men and women who serve in the u.s. military will be forced to pay more for their health care coverage under new proposals from president obama. enrollment fees for military families will shoot up anywhere from 30% to 78% next year. then five years after that, it will increase another 94% and top out at 345%. joining us right now with more analysis of this, fox news legal analyst peter johnson jr. peter, where are these cuts coming from? >> some mornings i wake up and i say values in this country are completely lost. and then other mornings i'm thinking we're doing doctor keith ablow's segment, normal or not. this is abnormal. we're saying to our retirees we made a moral compact with you, we made a bargain with you, your life and our faithfulness to your service for your entire life. so now we're saying ok, your health benefits may go up 345% over the next five years, active mil