part of it probably because the brexit dividend, so—called, dismissed as fiction by the institute for fiscal studies institute for fiscal studies this morning... boris johnson conceding that it morning... boris johnson conceding thatitis morning... boris johnson conceding that it is a down payment on long—term receipts. in other words, after 2023, once we finish paying oui’ after 2023, once we finish paying our divorce bill. but that won't get the money that is needed now. blu ntly, the money that is needed now. bluntly, you the money that is needed now. blu ntly, you are the money that is needed now. bluntly, you are left with taxes and borrowing. taxes, the chancellor is pretty hemmed in by tory manifesto commitments. to pretty much cut taxes by raising the threshold for the lower and higher rate. also, to cut business taxes, lowering corporation tax, not to increase vat. comparatively little room for manoeuvre there. while on the boring side of the equation, he's got his fiscal target of balancing the books by the middle of 2020 —— borrowing side. little room for manoeuvre. mr hammond is going to

but the independent institute for fiscal studies says the public finances will not benefit from any brexit told us they're going to pay for it from a brexit dividend. we don't really know what that means, because we don't know what the deal is going to be and what the overall effect on the economy is going to be. and, actually, whether brexit is going to end up costing us a great deal of money, or whether we construct the sort of deal that would do us some good. and across the nhs there's a feeling this settlement is onlyjust enough to keep pace with rising demand. it does fall short of the independent assessment that we've had done, which suggests we need 4% a year. this is only going to be 3.4%. so, it is a good step forward, but we're still going to have to make hard choices at the end of the day. scotland, wales and northern ireland will also get extra funds, but the devolved administrations will decide how they're spent. this announcement leaves some big questions unanswered, not least the funding of social care, which has such a profound impact on the health service. without those de

there was the institute for fiscal studies are my good friend pauljohnston.conomy will grow slower because of brexit and there will be fewer receipts and the eid dividend will be wiped out by the economic impact of brexit. can he be so sure? yes, he is in the forecasting business, as have i or my life. here's most certainly wrong. you would have to have a much slower economy and worse receipts actually to completely wipe out the brexit dividend. whatever it is, it will not be enough to cover the extra spending. how long did think it will take for the dividend to be released 7 think it will take for the dividend to be released? the thing is, once we have left, we should start with it. it was agreed in december that we would pay a bill of about 35 billion to 39 billion sterling if there were a deal. you are really talking about the dividend, as it may well be, only clicking in in perhaps 2021—2022. may well be, only clicking in in perhaps 2021-2022. they do mention 2023-2024 perhaps 2021-2022. they do mention 2023—2024 possibly, don't they? perhaps 2021-2022. t

as a direct result of cuts to social care spending in england that's according to the institute for fiscal studiesrs has led to one additional visit to accident and emergency for every ten people aged 65 and over. in the final part of our series looking at the difficulties faced by those needing care and those providing it, our social affairs correspondent alison holt has been to lancashire. accident and emergency is the front door of pressure for the health service, the place where more people are turning in a crisis. many are elderly. the doctor's got to give us the all—clear. and that has a knock—on effect on the whole hospital, as they know well at the royal blackburn in lancashire. here, they have an ambulance arriving on average every nine minutes. it's a sign of the sheer pressure the system is under. we are seeing a rise in the numbers, and a typical day across our emergency department and urgent care centres will see 550—600 people a day. the demand for hospital beds is constant. to ease the pressure, effort is going into providing the support patients need to recuperate at home. like 72—

the brexit dividend, as we have heard has been dismissed by groups like the institute for fiscal studieswing more is difficult. theresa may saying she wants to pay for the extra cash responsibly, so that would limit the scope for a big increase in borrowing, which means you come back to these tax rises. but there, the chancellor runs into the buffers of the tory party ma nifesto the buffers of the tory party manifesto which promised to reduce the burden of taxation on ordinary families and promised most of us a tax cut by raising the threshold for lower and higher rates and also promising to cut tax for business by a reduction in corporation tax and not raise vat. there is limited room to move the big tax earners and at the same time, there are other government ministers banging on the door of number 11, trying to get more cash out of the chancellor for the police and the ministry of defence. anyway you cut it, if you are philip hammond, you're thinking theresa may has given you the equivalent of a hospital pass. norman, thank you. three people have died after being struck by a train nea

that was challenged by a labour mp, who raised the response to the announcement of the institute for fiscal studies is no such thing as a brexit dividend. so the secretary of state will need to put up taxes to fund our nhs. will he be transparent and promise nhs workers in portsmouth who he has onlyjust given a pay rise to, that the burden will not fall on hard—working families like them. or is he robbing peter to pay boris? will he be transparent if he disagrees with the brexit dividend and challenge his own party leader who supports it? a conservative suggested the money raised could be ring fenced — a system known as hypothecation. to ensure that this money is always spent on the nhs does my right honourable friend agree with me that we do need to consider hypothecated tax as part of the funding plan? as i say i think there are very compelling arguments. in favour of hypothecated taxes. but there are also strong reasons why one has to be cautious, namely the fact that tax revenues go up and down year—on—year and the nhs needs stable funding. but there are very important arguments that need to be

the institute for fiscal studies says a fall in spending has prompted hundreds of thousands of extrathe final part of our series looking at the social care crisis in england, alison holt has been to lancashire, to see how councils and hospitals are working together to try to get older people home from hospital more quickly. accident and emergency is the front door of pressure for the health service — the place where more people are turning in a crisis. many are elderly. the doctor's got to give us the all—clear. and that has a knock—on effect on the whole hospital, as they know well at the royal blackburn in lancashire. here, they have an ambulance arriving on average every nine minutes. it's a sign of the sheer pressure the system is under. we are seeing a rise in the numbers, and a typical day across our emergency department and urgent care centres will see 550—600 people a day. the demand for hospital beds is constant. to ease the pressure, effort is going into providing the support patients need to recuperate at home. like 72—year—old john mellor, whose bag is packed ready for hi

as a direct result of cuts to social care spending in england, that's according to the institute for fiscal studies led to one additional visit to accident and emergency for every ten people aged 65 and over. in the final part of our series looking at the difficulties faced by those needing care and those providing it, our social affairs correspondent alison holt has been to lancashire. accident and emergency is the front door of pressure for the health service, the place where more people are turning in a crisis. many are elderly. the doctor's got to give us the all—clear. and that has a knock—on effect on the whole hospital, as they know well at the royal blackburn in lancashire. here, they have an ambulance arriving on average every nine minutes. it's a sign of the sheer pressure the system is under. we are seeing a rise in the numbers, and a typical day across our emergency department and urgent care centres will see 550—600 people a day. the demand for hospital beds is constant. to ease the pressure, effort is going into providing the support patients need to recuperate at home. like 72—year—o

anandacvia, chief analyst at the kings fund and elaine kelly, senior research economist at the institute for fiscal studiesat depend on which measure your looking at it from? i wish you say it based on the findings of this research that has been commissioned by the bbc? i think it is a lot more complex than that would suggest. it is a mixed picture when you look at the range of indicators. if you just look at the re—sources, the nhs has to work with, the simple answer it does not have that much. we look to the doctors, the nurses, the number of hospital beds, the number of pieces of medical technology that mris in ct scanners. all of those indicators the nhs has fewer resources than other countries. so starting from quite a challenging position, simply on the resources we have. how efficient is it? we don't have huge number of measures of how efficient the or any other health syste m efficient the or any other health system is. but, honours at measures that we do have the nhs looks the relatively good value for money. we also has very good at using generic drugs rather than expensive branded drugs rather t

we can speak to pauljohnson — the director at the institute for fiscal studies. d more and more for the health service not just in real terms but as a fraction of national income, spending more than two and a half times as much as when it was founded as a fraction of national income, but we have not had to raise taxes because we have had such big cuts in things like spending on defence, nationalised industry, on houses, so we have been able to spend more on health and pensions without raising taxes. but, going forward, as the population gets older, we will need to spend yet more, but it is hard to see there will be many other things we can cut spending on so if we have a health service that delivers what we want, in the end it will come down to more tax. people say they love the health service and want it to be better. would they be prepared to pay more tax, specifically for the health service, if they knew that is what it would go to? people say they would be willing to pay more tax for the health service but there are problems with that, because you cannot tell

pauljohnson, the director of the independent research body the institute for fiscal studies, said, "extra"there is no brexit dividend," he says. unsurprisingly, labour felt that this didn't go far enough — "our nhs is on its knees". "labour will properly fund our nhs with a real long term plan that includes social care." that was jeremy corbyn's treat. —— that was jeremy corbyn's tweet. and even some conservative chair of the health select committee — sarah wollaston — said "the brexit dividend tosh was expected but treats the public as fools. sad to see govt slide to populist arguments rather than evidence on such an important issue". but foreign secretary, borisjohnson, who you'll remember seeing by the vote leave bus which had that nhs funding slogan on it tweeted his delight "fantastic news on nhs funding — a down payment on the cash we will soon get back from our eu payments. #ta kebackcontrol" let's introduce you to our guests them. norman smith at westminster, phil us in. we will have it cabinet meeting this morning, brought forward from tomorrow, specifically to thrash out this bi

for profit side. private sector is very important. a recent study by the fiscal policy institute found reten sha -- retention rates tend to be lower than average. it's 4% for migrants compared to 11% of the industry average. this is good for business and saves them money. we must not forget the role of private ngs and the faith based community is extremely important in finding solutions as well. this past year we went a step further in the city. we established a local government office devoted solely to immigrant affairs. our office of welcoming communities and immigrant affairs is part humanitarian and part pragmatic. we know we need immigrant thalet and we realize the fears of immigrants in these times. the director of that office is here with us today. fully integrated foreign born residents is critical because dallas is a city of immigrants. as mayor i understand newcomers cannot integrate into communities by themselves. immigration requires a partnership. immigrants must do their part learning english and playing by the roles. the community must offer opportunity and hope. t

for profit side. private sector is very important. a recent study by the fiscal policy institute found that retention rates tend to be far higher than average. manufacturing the turnovers among refugees was only 4% compared to 11% for the industry average. this is good for business. it saves them money. forget -- we must not forget that the role of private ngos is important in finding solutions as well. this past year, we went a step further in the city. we established a local government office devoted to immigrant affairs. our office of welcoming communities and immigrant humanitarian part and heart pragmatic. we realize the palpable fear of immigrants in these dynamic times. the director of that office is here with busted i -- is here with us today. as mayor of dallas, i understand not integrate do into communities by themselves. immigration requires a partnership, immigrants must do their part, learning english, navigating the job market, playing by the rules. the receiving community must offer inclusion, hospitality, and hope. it is the idea that dallas residents from natives