. >> thank you for invieding me to this greath[:1 y >> any frailties that i say today you can attributeand instrumental that is to sayy,#kt we are concerned about utility of<ú÷ states and fashioning immigration policy and=@zocp÷ the effect of the state policy on separation of policy and power and preemption doctrine et cetera. ultimately we will argue in the paper that the response to executive branch!f&kv action can be5çñ used to vindicate power concern and as jillian metzger mentioned, to realizehd8@& )jz and so it ismyy federalism perhaps we can say masquerading, or at least used as a vehicle to show the other types of2@lÑ concern. with bill marshal on the prior panel, withzx"q=$ immigration federalism is strongly part of it. the reaction you get at state and local level often times we argue has nothing with demographic reality and have oo'f1 o partisan reality more than anything else. the localities have been significant.é players on the immigration field. those years have been devoid of congressional action. i say not kwens dentally because as we argue using larry cramer's work, wi