the ipcc says it is time to change. otherwise, deserts will continue to advance and hundreds of millions more to go hungry. brent: i'm joined now by a leading climate scientists and co-author of this latest ipcc report. it is good to have you on the show. the findings and conclusions in this report -- do they represent the vast consensus among scientists when it comes to land use and climate change? >> g good evevening from g gene. this is a core question for our work. this report hasas been preparedy more than 100 expepert scientiss frfr 52 2 countries. i should also emphasize the reportrt has assessed 7000 computations from m the scientic liliterature and the skill brout to the table is the assessment of scientific knowledge in those publications to evevaluate the level of confidence with which we can make t these statements d also to identify the opepen questions and the r research h t shshould be done to fillll those gagaps, so wewe clearlylydentify those statements we can mak with high confidence, a and many of tho

the 12 years does not come from the ipcc report.es from a media report about the ipcc report. i became a vegetarian, trapping vegetarian, i call myself, i partake in different cuisines because i want to be able to make the most of my travels. >> so you ordained that. [laughter] >> because of the un livestock's long shadow report that was published earlier in the century. un reports have huge impact in the one-time sightsee report apart from the 12 years did actuate a lot of discussion on climate action. especially in negative emissions. i think the 12 year thing is probably on the same spectrum as climate denial, it is small part of the climate discussion that gets disproportionate attention. >> i think the 12 years framing did one very important thing it gave a lot of the activists who are now very vocal and shutting down cities and forcing candidates to take division. they've used the 12 years narrative to their advantage. it's a slogan it's something you can put on a sign and i think in that sense it's kind of where we see the pr

this is climate scientist and ipcc co-chair valerie massonon-delmotte. >> we humans affect more than this landne quarter of is degraded. the way we producece food and wt we eat contributes to the loss of natural ecosystems. when land is degraded, it reduces the store's ability to take up carbon in this exacerbates climate change. today, 500 million people lilive in a areas that experiene this. amamy: the ipcc c recommends dramatic reductions s in greenhnhouse gas emimissions, me greenhouse gas emissions, more fission fafarming methods, and a shift in dietsts away from dairy and meat, which produce vast amounts of methane and carbon dioxide while using large amounts of land. trump visitedrom th dayton, ohio, and el paso, texas, wednesday in a politically polarizing trip that followed last weekend's mass shootings that killed a combined 32 people, including the dayton gunman. video haed out trereports byby ice shows agents entering loading people under buses. they were taken to a hanger for processing. outside the base, dodozens of family members and supporters gathered chanting "let t

the ipcc is important, will, because it is the consensus.y country in the world and all of its experts agreeing on common language and what is essentially the truth. the facts. and they're pretty stark. 23% of greenhouse gas emissions are from agriculture, land use. the things that go into making our food. nearly 1/3 of the gases are into the entirety of food production. some good news possibly if we get rid of red meats, if we move towards vegan lifestyles, change how we use the land, we might be able to reverse that damage but the clock is ticking. it says half a billion people have already experienced the effects of dessert at this if i case. >> the shocking truth about how our food is ruining our planet. officially estimating that about 1/4 of greenhouse gases in the last decade came from food, farming, and land use. and that if we change what we eat and how we farm, we could eliminate nearly all of that. if we don't, the u.n. experts warn chillingly we risk, quote, long-term impacts including rapid declines in productivity of agricultur

>> we were asked by the ipcc to assess the impact of climate change on land and t then conversely whatand can do o to help us potentntially mitigate climate change. there were couplele of important findings are want to emphasize. the first one is that we talk a lot about the pototential to sea 1.5 degrees celsius temperature increase and we want to try to avoid that because that gives us a lot of potential risisks. that refers to a a global avera. what we're seeeeing now is we he actually already hit 1.5 degrees celsius change over land. that is extremely concerning to many of us because it implies the potential for a lot of risk to our food security systetems, inincreased potential for land degradation, and a number of other r effects. so that concerns us a lot. 1.5e already seeing that increase over land. the other thing we looked at is whether land can be a potential solution to our climate crisis. we know we have the potential to plant trees or manage our landss better and it can help absorb some of the carbon emissions we create when we burn fossil fuels, but one of the things our

but, we have a climate change conference at the end of the month and the ipcc, the u.n.anel of scientists came out today with bullet points of what that is going to be about. just to take one of their major points, we are looking at a possibility of 280 million climate refugees by the end of the century if we can't keep a low two degrees warming and we are already out one degree. brent: people complained about hurricanes, just wait until the end of the century, they say. thank you. scientists have just released images of what one of our early ancestors could have looked like. the reconstruction is based on a 3.8 million-year-old skull found in ethiopia, often seen as the birthplace of humankind. announcing the finding, researchers said the discovery changes our understanding of how ancient humans evolved. we are going to try to show you that picture, but we are having technical programs -- technical problems wewe will try t too that later f we can. >> it is here in ethiopia, more than 400 kililometers nortrth oe capital that this latest discscovery was buburied. the prof

this thing came out of the ipcc report last october, we have 12 years to combat the climate emergency of travel, show willingness that you acknowledge there is a problem. i wouldn't say it was tokenistic, i would say we are taking responsibility for our share of carbon emissions but as well as preventing the sale of beef we've moved our endowment fund, £2.5 million to an ethical fund, that won't be involved in the production of fossil fuels, we're going to renewable energy, phasing out plastics, as we say, solar panels. when a lot of people talk about this and the ipcc came along, the committee on climate change, said this is going to cost £1 trillion over the next by 2050, and there'll be some big choices for example, beef is all very well but things like replacing gas central heating in 25 million homes, ijust wonder if goldsmith said were going to revamp our building and do things like put in insulation and replace gas heating would the student body be prepared to pay higher tuition fees in order to make those really significant changes? i don't believe they would, i believe the va

and on top of it all comes the latest alarming report from the ipcc which finds the growing food fromia to iowa will only get harder as the climate gets harsher we're going to see. >>by midcentury by current projections that are number of days above 90 degrees is going to rise from about 17 days per year above 90 degrees once in a des moines. that will be up more like 50 to 70. >>the report finds that about 3 quarters of the earth's ice-free surface has been paved plowed or d forced great for economies. horrible for nature's cycles. with all the diesel and fertilizer used to grow the modern meal. they say bag or culture is to blame for nearly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. here's the good news. >>right now every corn plant in this field is pulling carbon out of the sky and putting it in the ground and with the right amount of innovation and financial motivation. a smart farmer can leave it there and still feed the world, iowa could be one giant carbon sink. and unlike miners and drillers and frackers they don't have to change careers in order to help save life as we know it. >

the un experts at the ipcc say we're consuming too many meat and diary products in the west and it'so fuel global warming. but their new report stops short of saying people should become vegetarian or vegan. here's our science editor david shukman explains. a wall of dust smothers the parched fields of oklahoma. the planet is heating up, which may make it harder to grow the food we need, just as the world's population keeps increasing. there'll be 2 billion more of us by the middle of the century. and at the same time, up to a third of all food is wasted. and as it rots, it releases gases that raise temperatures even more. and this exacerbates climate change... the un climate panel highlights these challenges in a major new report into how we're damaging the land we depend on — and what that means for the future. we see very high risks, and that becomes incredibly scary, not just for the public, but for us as individuals and scientists, and the question is, what can we do to avoid those risks and build a betterfuture? the first step, the scientists say, would be to see an end to clea

this is the second major report by the ipcc. that is important because this isn't just a fringe group or an activist lobby coming forward and saying, you've got to rethink the way you live your life, uncomfortably, this is the united nations. 100 experts, many countries together here signing on to what they communally believe are facts and the facts are pretty startling, frankly. about 23% of greenhouse gas emissions are caused by agriculture or land use. that's basically making food. over 1/3 is caused by the total of food production. that's a startling fact for people to remember that the chimney stacks you saw in the images then or cars are behind emissions and if you drive teslas, that will vap fish overnight. this is changing what you eat on a daily basis. the report says if we do make major modifications in the amount of meat we produce, particularly beef. if we go vegan, if we rethink how much of the planet we use in deforestation and if we try to slow down the damage we do in soil. soil is being eroded so much faster tha

the ipcc comes out every week with the new timeline we have to meet. you read that report, it comes out every week with the timeline we have to meet. i am the candidate who is saying this. we have to get off coal in the united states. it is too dirty. it is too dangerous. i am the candidate who says we have to start having clean cars. we have to get rid of fossil fuels on our electrical grid system. i have a program to do that on a timeline to get this job done. people who are too timid to do this, they don't have an argument with me, they have an argument with science. we have to meet these targets. by the way, to get this job done, we have to have more than just the president. we have got to take away from the grim reaper, mitch mcconnell, he calls himself the grim reaper. we have to take away that blade he has to cut down all progressive politics. i disagree with the vice president and other senators in this field. we need to take away the filibuster from mitch mcconnell so we can pass climate change legislation. [applause] gov. inslee: i am committ

and on top of it all comes the latest alarming report from the ipcc, which finds that growing food from only get harder as the climate gets harsher. >> we're going to see by mid-century by current projections that our number of days above 90 degrees is going to rise from about 17 days per year above 90 degrees in des moines. that will be more up like 50 to 70. >> reporter: the report finds three-quarters of the earth's ice-paved surface has paved, plowed or deforested. great for economies. horrible for nature's cycles. with all the diesel and fertilizer used to grow the modern meal, they say agriculture is to blame for nearly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. but here's the good news. right now every corn plant in this field is pulling carbon out of the sky and putting it in the ground. with the right amount of innovation and financial motivation, a smart farmer can leave it there and still field the world. iowa could be one giant carbon sink. unlike miners and drillers and fraccers. they don't have to change careers in order to help save life as we know it. >> just listen to all t

what's interesting in the language and the ipcc report, it says that the world may reach a thresholdrent agricultural practices can no longer support large human civilizations. that's the language in the report. and the key term, though, is current agricultural practices, right? the narrative of we're retuunni out of food is thousands of years old. humanity has been asking how we're going to feed ourselves since really the beginning of civilization. the stakes are higher now. the risks are greater. but you know, the question is can we adapt? >> one other trend you point out which seems to be very crucial here is the rising meat consumption. basically, as people, as countries grow richer, they eat more protein, particularly more animal protein, they particularly eat more beef, and the problem is beef takes up an enormous amount of arable land. >> it stunned me to realize in the last 50 years we have seen a doubling in human population and a tripling in meat consumption. so you're exactly right. there's not just -- it's not just a challenge of adding more humans to the planet. it's shi

and on top of it all comes the latest alarming report from the ipcc which finds the growing food fromndia to iowa will only get harder as the climate gets harsher but we're going to see. >>by midcentury by current projections that are number of days above 90 degrees is going to rise from about 17 days per year above 90 degrees once in a des moines. that will be up more like 50 to 70. >>the report finds that about 3 quarters of the earth's ice-free surface has been paved plowed or d forced great for economies. horrible for nature's cycles. with all the diesel and fertilizer used to grow the modern meal. they say agriculture is to blame for nearly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. here's the good news. >>right now every corn plant in this field is pulling carbon out of the sky and putting it in the ground and with the right amount of innovation and financial motivation. a smart farmer can leave it there and still feed the world, iowa could be one giant carbon sink. and unlike miners and drillers and frackers they don't have to change careers in order to help save life as we know it

the highest farm debt in a generation and on top of it all comes the latest alarming report from the ipccgrowing food from india to iowa will only get harder as the climate gets harsher. >> we're going to see by mid-century, by current projections that our number of days above 90 degrees is going to rise from about 17 days per year above 90 degrees in des moines. that will be up mora like 50 to 70. >> the report finds that about three-quarters of the world's ice-free surface has been paved, plowed or deforested. great for economies, horrible for nature's cycles. with all of the diesel and fertilizer used to grow the modern meal, they say agriculture is to blame for nearly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. >> here ate go >> here ate good news, every corn plant in the field is pulling carbon out of the sky and putting it into the ground and with financial motivation, a smart farmer can leave it there and still feed the world. iowa can be one giant carbon sink and unlike miner, drillers and frackers they don't have to change careers in order to help save life as we know it. >> just list

the claim or the conclusion of the one of the most recent governmental panel on climate change, the ipccwe have a chance to do this right to save the world for humans. the earth's going to be here no matter what we do. we want to save it for us for us humans. and so the current administration is taking extraordinary steps in the wrong direction. >> you mentioned the administration. take a listen to donald trump on the issue. >> so hot in here, maybe i'll start to believe it myself. who believes in global warming? who believes in global warming? so obama's talking about all of this with the global warming and -- a lot of it is a hoax. it's a money making industry, okay? it's a hoax. >> is there climate change? yeah. will it go back like this? will it change back? probably. >> plenty to choose from there. i guess i ask you one, will it change back and two, does his type of bluster make it harder for scientists to get their jobs and their work to matter? >> well, of course. of course it makes -- his bluster is very troubling. and it makes it harder for everybody. instead of being the world

with your state climatologist, local university folks, and there are reports online, the ipcc.nd are getting better taking their summaries and making them readable. i studied this sometimes. it is a lot to take in. there is a lot of bad information on the internet about a lot of things. i would say find your person, your state climatologist or local tv person. >> there are a few good aggregators of content. the environment to help news comes online, where they sift through all the stuff out there. a daily or weekly email from them that has gone through a little bit more betting than the random stuff you see. other questions from the audience? i am going deep. i am going d. how my going to get there? i don't want to step on anybody's toes. it is better than fenway park and i don't have a beer in my hand. go ahead. >> sharon johnson. i know kathleen mentioned the east coast. they are very familiar with the hurricanes. along thet the cities east coast have prepared safety measures, preventative measures, and i was wondering what they are. could you talk about that a little bit? ex

the un's climate panel, the ipcc, have released the most comprehensive report on land use and climatehange ever compiled, and it makes for sober reading. it says one quarter of global emissions are because of the food we eat, more than half of that is from animals. the report was released in geneva. roger harrabin sent this report from there. this alpine landscape was covered by forest, the trees sucked carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and regulated the climate. then humans cleared some of the land for food, but cattle birthed methane and that strongly heeds the atmosphere. the sort of low intensity grazing may produce protein from poor soil and it does have some environmental benefits. but it still creates more greenhouse gases than growing plant protein. scientist meeting here in the alps are not saying we have all got to go vegan to protect the claimant, they are saying that we do need vegan to protect the climate, they are saying that we do need to cut down on red meat and dairy produce and shift on towards eating more vegetables. roger was talking about one small european count

losing fear over early frost and trade wars and on top of all comes the latest alarming report from the ipcc indiana to iowa will only get harder as the climate gets harsher. >> we're going to see by mid-century, by current projections that our number of days above 90 degrees is going to rise from about 17 days per year about 90 degrees in de moines. >> with all the diesel and fertilizer used to grow the modern meal they say agriculture is to blame for nearly a quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. >> here's the good news. right now every corn plant in this field is pulling carbon out of the sky and pulling it in the grund. and with the right amount of innovation and financial motivation a smart farmer can leave it there and still feed the world. iowa can be one giant carbon sink and unlike minors and drillers and fraccers they don't have to change careers in order to help save life as we know it. >> just risten to all the birds, too. something you don't hear when you walk out into the cornfield. there's so much more like i said plant diversity but wildlife. >> justin takes advantage of a fed

in a report released yesterday, the ipcc found that climate change is not only going to threaten thecary enough, but also force us all into a series of difficult choices about how to use the finite land service and clean water that we have access to. in the report, data available since 1961 shows that global population growth and changes in per capita consumption of food, feed, fiber, timber, and energy have caused unprecedented rates of land and fresh water use. the atlantic's robinson meyer who wrote about the report, noting that the report's political explosiveness lies in the profound questions it raises about land use as global scale. the relationship between people and land is the most treasured and unresolved idea in global politics. and joining me now is robinson meyer, staff writer at the atlantic, where he covers climate change and technology. it was a great piece, robinson, because i had read an article on the report, i don't think the full depth of what they were saying sunk in. what is your read of the report at both a food supply level and then the one level deeper? >>

the ipcc is warning that soil is becoming drier and less productive and this leads to increases in foodand we see with climate change as well that it is also causing more extreme weather, monster storms, is also causing more extreme weather, monsterstorms, haywire growing seasonings, leaving farmers guessing. there is a terrible imbalance. up to 30% of food globally is wasted, and wasted in the developed world. i would imagine in areas where it is harder to grow things they do not waste much at all. how do we change what we do in the west in the way that we farm? we need to make really big changes in how we farm because at the moment oui’ how we farm because at the moment our current industrialised agricultural system is actually driving climate change. it is destroying forests, pushing people off of their land and it is actually feeling the 820 million people in the world who go to bed hungry every night. this report shows some of the alternatives which government, how governments can make better choices in how they manage their land, aiming forzero in how they manage their land, aimin

i think it is extraordinaire that food waste in the number one thing that the ipcc talks about has notn meat eating and meat production when in the uk, it is absolutely essential that we manage our carbon. the point is made very well about how important it is to have sustainable systems and actually enhance the carbon sinks that we have now. livestock is a vital part in all that and i think this adds massive confusion to what a healthy diet is all about. the nhs and public health england and all advice in the british nutrition foundation say eating meat is a vital part of the die and i don't think that has been made clear today. and what would you said that? me can be part of the die but we need to eat less. we need to eat less that is good and more good—quality in that can be donein more good—quality in that can be done in ways that are good for farmers. farmers need to get more of the value and produce the kind of high—quality beat the your farm produces. not a question of a loss forfarmers but i think produces. not a question of a loss for farmers but i think your point about food i

the other is a more rare arrangement, for the ipcc, which is statutory and independent, to create a fact—findingresponsible response to the aspirations for better understanding of what has taken place in hong kong, and more important of all, it is notjust fact—finding to provide a sequence of fa cts, fact—finding to provide a sequence of facts, it also will provide the government with recommendations on how to move forward and also how to avoid the recurrence of similar incidents. the second area of work i have announced, which will give us a much better basis to address some anxieties and differences in society. we will start immediately a platform for dialogue with people from all walks of life. so this is something that we want to do, in a very sincere and humble manner. i and my principal officials are committed to listen to what the people have to tell us. and we want to reach out to the community as soon as possible. carrie lam. 0ur correspondent stephen mcdonell is in hong kong. two commitments from carrie lam, she talked about open dialogue and an investigation, independent investigation

last week, the ipcc has shown that your food choice does matter.e feed used, is also another deforestation. so when you are thinking about the tues few choices you are making, it does matter. how do you argue with that evidence? it is great evidence but the deforestation issue isn't releva nt to the deforestation issue isn't relevant to british beef and what dnf nfu have said, if goldsmiths had switched to british beef, then that has 2.5 times a lower carbon footprint than the global average, which as you have said is driven by deforestation. switching to british beef would have been a choice that goldsmiths could have made. it could have prompted students to think about climate change but allowed them to make their own individual decisions rather than scrapping beef from the menu entirely. it has certainly got us talking. thank you both very much. a father has been speaking of his heartbreak following the deaths of his son and daughter on a day out at clacton beach in essex. malaika shamas who was 15, and her 18 year—old brother haider, got into d

our environment alanyst, roger harrabin, reports from geneva, where the ipcc has released its findingsscape was once covered by forest. the trees sucked carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and regulated the climate. then, humans cleared some of the land for food. but cattle burp methane, and that strongly heats the atmosphere. this sort of low—intensity grazing may produce protein from poor soil, and it does have some environmental benefits, but it still creates more greenhouse gases than growing plant protein. scientists meeting here in the alps are not saying we've all got to go vegan to protect the climate. they are saying that we do need to cut down on red meat and dairy produce, and shift on towards eating more vegetables. and that message may not go down very well here, in a region that is so heavily dependent on cheese and meat. we need to do what we can on the land, but actually it is important to maintain food production and so there will always be some emissions on land. so, in fact, we have to do as much as we can with the energy and industry and other sectors, as well. we ha