they passed irca in 1986. at that point, here's the state of the world. it's already unlawful, as a matter of federal law, for the employee to get -- to have this unlawful work. and if they seek this unlawful work, they are subject to removal for doing it. in addition, congress was told that most of the aliens who get this unlawful work are already here -- they illegally entered, so they're already subject to an independent criminal offense. so at that point, congress is facing a world where the employee is already subject to multiple prohibitions. the employer is completely scot--free as a matter of federal law. and so at that point, in 1986, they address the employer's side of the equation, they have an express preemption provision that says nothing about any intent of preempting the employee's side of the ledger. and in that, i don't think -- >> but they did provide -- i mean, your position was the federal legislation regulates the supply side. that leaves the demand side open. but there is regulation, and the question is whether anything beyond that i

they passed irca in 1986. at that point, here's the state of the world.y unlawful, as a matter of federal law, for the employee to get -- to have this unlawful work. and if they seek this unlawful work, they are subject to removal for doing it. in addition, congress was told that most of the aliens who get this unlawful work are already here -- they illegally entered, so they're already subject to an independent criminal offense. so at that point, congress is facing a world where the employee is already subject to multiple prohibitions. the employer is completely scot--free as a matter of federal law. and so at that point, in 1986, they address the employer's side of the equation, they have an express preemption provision that says nothing about any intent of preempting the employee's side of the ledger. and in that, i don't think -- >> but they did provide -- i mean, your position was the federal legislation regulates the supply side. that leaves the demand side open. but there is regulation, and the question is whether anything beyond that is inconsiste