the invention of double entry bookkeeping with the rise of currencies fractional reserve banking isaac newton and the other poly mass were definitely involved in all this invented the gold standard copernicus wrote treatises on interest manual swedenborg the head of mining up in sweden the father narrow science a great anatomist he was adamantly opposed to currency and in favor of gold and silver with the continental revolution the french revolution we saw this even something as small as the stirrup you know that allowed knights to be on horses it changed the battlefield of europe and then the longbow got invented that made knights obsolete and then we had gunpowder and we had the printing press and then we had columbus who discovered the trade winds which allowed the buildout of america and so likewise to toshi with to coin has discovered the trade winds of cyberspace it's the holy grail the the cypherpunks of it after all and now the were able to reduce data reduce the value into data itself and transfer it over a communication channel using our way this am for i.t. infrastructure now we're

neil: this was the follow on, because isaac newton came up with a new theory of motion and a theory ofravity, and it worked everywhere we ever measured it. the men going around earth, the moons of jupiter around jupiter. it was not just a solar phenomenon. the planet neptune was discovered because the planet uranus was not following newton's loss. laws.ton's they said wait a minute, maybe there is another planet that we have not folded into our equations. it is a very hard mathematical problem to invert. one is i have an object calculate its gravity, the other one is there is gravity here, where must the object be. the announcement that to berlin, an observatory, and astronomer looked and discovered neptune. newton's laws of motion and gravity were still intact. we find failures at the edge of it, things are not working. all it is, is an updated version of the laws of motion and laws of gravity. it doesn't replace newton, it subsumes it. if you put low speeds and low gravity in einstein's equations, they become newton's equations. charlie: and i write believing that i have read over th

leonardo, also said people hypothesized isaac newton about travel in the air and under the water. the first reported successful submarine was in 1620 by a man named cornelius trouble. trouble was a dutch inventor who ran across james the first, convince james that he could bring on these marbles in james put them in a palace and supposedly invented this machine, this closed wooden structure with a worst that would be kept under the water by the momentum of the orders. supposedly he went back and forth and supposedly james the first even got in the boat and it was like 300 pounds and was notoriously timid. report, if you look, if you google the submarine, you will see there are models in museums across the world because he was so successful that people not only didn't know he had never created a submarine, the real inventors promise. robert boyle, the founder of modern chemistry started investigating edmond halley and also did a lot of basic diving belt and started investigating the policy of undersea travel. there is a man who is a french -- a frenchman who created a submarine and

the story about isaac newton looking at a mirror to looking at solar eclipse, he was blinded three full days afterwards but his vision recovered. trish: something you would feel right way? >> no. trish: no, you said he was blinded for three or four days. >> he looked at it directly through a mirror. that magnified it directly. he couldn't get enough information. >> newton was a bit of a wild man. >> absolutely. >> i wrote a book many years ago, called five equations that changed the world and one of the equations has to do with newton and universal law of gravity. the guy constantly experimented on himself. he was especially interested in optics, the way the eye dealt with color and light. what mark is saying is absolutely spot-on. those are good ol' days. those are the wild west days of science. >> in 1918 they disproved his theory and theory of relativity was proved on another total solar eclipse. the people will not know it until the day after. that is the part that is scary. they won't know there is a problem with their vision. trish: from a scientific standpoint what excites you, m

leonardo all sorts of people hypothesis isaac newton about travel in the air and underthe water one tended toot the other. the first reported successful submarine was in 1620 by a man named cornelius and he was a dutch inventor who went across to the court of james the first convinced james that he could bring all of these marvels and james put him in a palace up near greenwich and supposedly rebel invented this machine, this kind of closeted wooden structure with ores that would be kept under the water by the momentum of the ores, and he went supposedly he went back and forth from greenwich to london and supposedly james the first even got in the boat except problem was that james the first at the that time was like 300 pounds and notoriously timid he was a fraughted. but reports and if you look, if you google submarine you'll see models and museums across the world because he was so successful at perpetrating this fraud that people not only didn't know he had never -- almost certainly never created a submarine but real invent tores brilliant people robert boyle the founder of modern chem

so we've gots a very deep awareness and sensitivity of the operations of nature, just the way isaac newton did. >> rose: what is the difference between dark matter and dark energy. >> unfortunately they have names that kind are similar to one another, dark matter is what we call the gravity in the universe that has no known origin. we should really call it dark gravity, if you must. that is literally what it is. we see things moving in space, an you can calculate how much gravity would be enabling that. and then you look at what is there, there is not enough stuff there to account for the gravity that is making this motion. how much stuff is there about 15 percent of what is necessary in the form of matter to make this, so we just called dark matter. it is a mystery. the longest unsolved mystery in modern astrophysics, possibly in all of science. it's been with us since the 1930s. and so we-- . >> rose: in all of science. >> dare i go that far? an i think i'm going to go that far. >> rose: biggest mystery in the history of science is. >> how many branches of science have a mystery with the

i may have some sense of washington but i will quote isaac newton, i cannot understand what the stocken doing. you don't understand why it's as high and it keeps going? yes, given what's going on in the u.s., we have not had no change in policy and the prospect for change in favorable economic policy are pretty dim. i think improvement in the economy in europe has helped. it seems to me the markets may be overreacting to that. i think there has certainly been a feeling over the past five years or so that the fed is a safety net and whatever shocks we get, we have been recovering from an it has made a good environment for investors. i don't know how long that can continue. >> i think it's a global central bank. yield on, the dividend the s&p 500 is right on top of the 10 year treasury yield. my-2-2 framework. the more the numbers coagulate, the more pe's will expand against that backdrop. jonathan: when you put that , the story ise bond yields are low. is whydon't understand people say we are getting a shakeout in the bond market and that's ok. >> for whatever reason, if the 10 year yi

there's a famous story of isaac newton going blind by looking directly at an eclipse with a mirror, heso you think you've taken all the precautions and start getting some of these symptoms, get to the eye doctor right away? >> right away. and if you don't have these glasses, don't go staring into the sun. even if you have them, please, make sure they're not corrupted. don't spend hours. make sure you're wearing them properly x the best way is the old fashionedded way, put a pinhole in a piece of paper, turn away from the sun, exact opposite -- ashley: see it reflected. >> and let it project on another plate. ashley: is that what you're going stood? i mean, you have your glasses. are you going to watch it? >> briefly. i wouldn't look at it for more than a couple minutes. here's another thing. nasa says if you're in an area of total eclipse that you could literally look at the total eclipse and be safe because during that period of time -- ashley: it's completely out. >> here's the problem with that. out of the two hours and 40 minutes, it's only one minute. imagine trying to hit the nee