haskins, i've been following some of your work with your colleague isabel sawhill at brookings. i'm intrigued by something i want to quote back to you, and that is you said that if families follow three basic rules, that they are virtually assured that they will avoid poverty. complete at least a high school education, work full-time and wait until age 21 and get married before having a baby. based on analysis of census data, you conclude that if all three of these rules, people who follow all three of these rules had only a 2% chance of being in poverty, and a 72% chance of joining the middle class. conversely, these numbers for those people who violated all three rules would elevate their chance of being poor to 77% and reduce their chance of making the middle class -- making it to the middle class to 4%. so if it's that clear that those three things would be -- raise the likelihood of success of people leaving poverty and joining the middle class, what can the federal government do to help? >> first of all, we did something terrific in the '96 welfare reform legislation becau