j. edgar hoover. so pauling in becoming this outspoken anti anti-communist, someone who was saying anti communism has gone crazy. you are undermining american science and american education by attack on these educators. when he said this j. edgar hoover became convinced that that pauling must be a communist. he must be doing the soviets bidding if he was insisting that the red scare in education was wrong or going too far far. hoover was particularly upset when he learned that pauling at first refused to to say anything about whether he had ever in the communist party, because he said, well, that's just pauling said, that's playing into their hands. so i'm just not even going to answer that question. eventually, caltech forced him to answer the question and he said truthfully that he had never been a communist. right. but hoover is convinced that's lie. and so what started to do was, first of all, he launched a major investigation. the angeles fbi office started interviewing everyone from pauling's pa

j. edgar hoover, little young and j. a, b, edgar hoover. here he was, brand new. the bureau of investigation, which was the precursor of the fbi. this time he was the head of the general division when he was only 24 years old. and he got promoted, despite his shady history at the you know, he's only 22 but already had 24. he already had shady history at the bureau. he was involved in the palmer raids course when thousands of suspected anarchists communists were illegally detained and arrested and he was promoted to the head of the bureau at will in france, urging she went to the attorney general and said that he was honest and informed and one who operated like an electric wire almost trigger response. so she is responsible for getting j. edgar hoover hired. and she also him around. he had to answer to her. and i love the idea of j. edgar hoover to answer to a woman. so he handled translation and co to correspond bootleggers and various other. but the one thing about j. edgar at this time was he was really and sincere about having honest force of prohibition agent

j. edgar hoover days. if he is elected president but i would argue, any future president, joe biden has been very clear he will not abuse his powers. he understands what the supreme court died and disagrees with it but will not abuse his powers but what about every other president? it's not just donald trump. >> this is why when i encounter someone who says, i like the idea of a strong executive and authoritarian. we need that and i asked the question,, are you good with it if it is a democrat? if it is a party you don't like? are you good with it if it is not illegal to target you and your group and your bible study or your militia group? are you okay with the illegal wiretaps, the illegal undercovers? are you okay with all of that? in the '70s we had something like that. the counter intelligence program that got exposed by the washington post and new york times and it was about literally suppressing vietnam war protests for example. it's going to happen again. guaranteed. it won't be as dramatic as the s

what's your how do you explain j edgar hoover to a contemporary person? that's a tough one. sometimes. on the one hand, hoover took the bureau from an organization that was really mired in scandal in the day. and very quickly made it into the premier law enforcement organization in the united states. they had a huge impact on american law enforcement trying to professionalize it, trying to raise expectations and training and providing service through the lab and through its fingerprint identifications. he created an incredibly important organization for america, which has been involved in every major or historical incident in our country's history. now, since we were created. on the other hand, he also shows that we can make some very big mistakes. and i usually talk about the way hoover used the investigation of dr. king to try and destroy his public role, try to to basically damage his character. and and that is something that we we can never we should never do. it takes us out of our role as protecting rights and liberties, enforcing our laws, and puts us into an adversar

he trained j edgar hoover's f. b. i . in counter intelligence techniques. he showed wild build donovan, how to create an intelligent service from the ground up. he was close to 2 presidents. any forged a friendship with one of the most difficult men in washington. james hazel's angleton, who later became the c. i is 1st deputy director for counter intelligence. there was no indication during those years that he was anything other than a patriotic british intelligence professional. and then we see reports of a so called confession. several authors have written about it, but was, was it in the actual confession? could it has been transcribed misunderstanding or could ellis maybe have been trying to protect somebody? yeah, well this is essentially, is that i'm trying to, you know, the co mystery as of detail as is, is wanting gently. he supposedly confessed to in 1965. so this time a couple of years have to cancel the defected to the soviet union and of course, intelligence agencies of great britain in the united states were, you know, brownly, embarrassed by

he trains j edgar hoover's f. b. i in counter intelligence techniques. he showed wild build donovan, how to create an intelligent service from the ground up. he was close to 2 presidents. any forged a friendship with one of the most difficult men in washington. james hayes was angleton, who later became the c. i is 1st deputy director for counter intelligence. there was no indication during those years that he was anything other than a patriotic british intelligence professional. and then we see reports of a so called confession. several authors have written about it, but was, was it in the actual confession? could it has been transcribed misunderstanding or could ellis maybe have been trying to protect somebody? yeah, well this is essentially, instead of trying to, you know, the cold mystery of detail as is, is wanting definitely he supposedly confessed to, in 1965. so this time a couple of years have to consider will be directed to the survey union. and of course, intelligence agencies of great britain in the united states were non brownly, embarrassed

enforcement organization in the land, and it's led by the number one law enforcement leader, j edgar hoover that tommy gun, that iconic tommy gun that you have on display, is that a gun or is that an fbi weapon? well, that one specifically, i'm not sure. we had some that we purchased because we were trying to keep up with the bad guys and of course, the bad also had some they usually didn't purchase them. they tended to steal them from others. and so i would suspect that that's actually one of ours. i know the last one we had that was identified, fired as actually having been owned by a police station, was returned to that station when we realized. so, you know, it becomes a matter of whose property actually is it. but we talked a little bit about 1974. and patty, but 1972 to 1974, the watergate era. what was the fbi's role? you could do a whole museum on that. i'm but you have a small display here at the fbi experience. the fbi was the principal investigative in the watergate matter when the burglary happened in june of 1972 was only a couple of weeks after j. hoover died immediately, the

j. edgar hoover including martin luther king jr.rying to convince king to kill himself and including the fbi by most historians now' findings. that coordinating with an intel unit at chicago pd to actually murder a black panthers' leader. all of this extrajudicial, there were no rules so when anybody says oh don't worry about. no, we have been there, we've been there and now we have rules that came out of that church committee that actually are the operating guidelines for the fbi. for the cia. but things had to get very ugly literally murdering somebody deemed a threat because the fbi director thought the guy was a threat. that's where we're headed here. >>> "prime: weekend" continues. ahead with my colleague rachel maddow. family no one wants to be known for cancer, but a treatment can be. keytruda is known to treat cancer. fda-approved for 17 types of cancer, including certain early-stage and advanced cancers. one of those cancers is a kind of bladder and urinary tract cancer called advanced urothelial cancer. keytruda may be use

well, speaking of the federal level, fbi director j edgar hoover testified in front of the kefauver commission, our committee in, january of 1951, the gambling problem must be viewed as a phase of the entire crime. picture organized gambling. gambling is a vicious, evil corrupts our youth, and blights the lives of all adults. it becomes a springboard on other crimes embezzlement, robbery and even murder. but like any other type of crime, it can be controlled if the laws against gambling presently on the state and local statutes books were earnestly and vigorously enforced, organized gambling could be eliminated. could be eliminated within 48 hours. in any community in this land, no criminal. the gambler and his allies included, can long stand up before boy determined in an informed public opinion that in my opinion is the basic answer to the gambling problem. an aroused public opinion which will act on a local level through local law enforcement authorities to wipe out the menace. dan holt of the us senate. up to that point, what was the fbi's approach to organized crime? it didn't really have

i don't know about j edgar hoover, but eliot ness for sure. let me ask you this. you have put memphis and nashville's fbi together, consolidated in one office. i know you have worked with our u.s. attorney and others to work on the crime situation there. it has gotten better. but it is a change in the fbi relationship, we are not going to have an office necessarily -- tell me how that is going to affect memphis. >> i want to be very clear, we are not leaving memphis. what we are doing is -- >> nobody should leave memphis. most of the songs are about people going to memphis. daily nashville, they go to memphis. >> recognizing population growth and the threat environment. we have instead taken, if you look across the state, instead of having two field offices in knoxville and memphis, we are creating a tennessee division headquartered in the middle in nashville, but we are keeping the offices in knoxville and memphis and in fact, when it comes to memphis specifically, not only will it not result in any decrease in the number of agents they are to work. actually, str

i don't know about j edgar hoover, but eliot ness for sure. let me ask you this. you have put memphis and nashville's fbi together, consolidated in one office. i know you have worked with our u.s. attorney and others to work on the crime situation there. it has gotten better. but it is a change in the fbi relationship, we are not going to have an office necessarily -- tell me how that is going to affect memphis. >> i want to be very clear, we are not leaving memphis. what we are doing is -- >> nobody should leave memphis. most of the songs are about people going to memphis. daily nashville, they go to memphis. >> recognizing population growth and the threat environment. we have instead taken, if you look across the state, instead of having two field offices in knoxville and memphis, we are creating a tennessee division headquartered in the middle in nashville, but we are keeping the offices in knoxville and memphis and in fact, when it comes to memphis specifically, not only will it not result in any decrease in the number of agents they are to work. actually, str

i thought there was al no threat of sabotage, as did j edgar hoover? >> there is a lot of historical controve but it that -- underscores that that occurred during wartime and it implicates a potential commander-in-chief concerns, national defense that mightes of provide an as applied article to challenge at the time. i'm not suggesoday. but the idea that a decision that was madwas endorsed by the court perhaps wrongly would support criminal prosecution under 241 which requires under united states versus lanier at it had been made specific so there is notice to the preside >> we could go through other historical examples, i won't do that. let me touch briefly on a couple of other things. the relevae advice of counsel and i wasn't clear what your answer is. ifresident gets advice from the attorney general that something is lawful, is that an absolute defense? the principle of entrapment. this is a due process doctrine that we referred to in our brief. we cited authority of this court that if an authorized government representative tells you tha what you

j. edgar hoover. mr.reeben: so i think that there is a lot of historical controvers it underscores that that occurred duringme. it implicates potential der in chief concerns, concerns about the exigencies of tional defense that might provide an as-applied article ii challenge at the time. i'm not suggesting today. but the idea tdecision that was made and ultimately endorsed b court, perhaps wrongly in the korematsu case, wopport criminal prosecution under 241, which quires under united states versus lanier that the rad been made specific so that there is notice to the president, i don't think that would have been satisfied. justice alito: all right. well, we can go through other historical examples. i won't do that. let me just touch briefly on a couple of other things. e is the relevance of advice of counsel, and i wasn't ear what your answer is. so, if the presidentetadvice from the attorney general that something is lfu is that an absolute defense? mr. dreeben: yes,i think that it is. under the princip

j. edgar hoover is there. can you speak, doris, to how america got to that day 60 years ago?e placed on president johnson by the civil rights movement, by martin luther king, and many, many other people, and the partnership between dr. king and president johnson to get the legislation through. >> it's one of those moments in history when the outside movement, the civil rights movement, comes into the highest counsels of power with lyndon johnson and the congress. starts really back in the 1950s with the montgomery bus boycott, with rosa parks, and martin luther king coming to montgomery to worry about segregation in buses. it takes the freedom riders, takes the sit-ins during the time with the young people in the '50s and '60s, all the way up to birmingham, which fired the conscious of the country. peaceful civil rights marchers were going through the streets in montgomery to protest the failure of civil rights being still segregated, and what is done? they're met by dogs, high-pressure hoses. young kids are struck down, sent to jail. the conscience of the country is fired. m