j. thomas porteous jr. of the united states district court for the eastern district of louisiana. joining me in counsel's tables are my colleagues from the law firm of brian cave, daniel schwartz, p.j. meitl and daniel o'connor. as the majority leader has told you and as many of you know, the porteous impeachment has raised a number of constitutional issues that are rather unique and considerable concern among law professors and legislators alike. the three motions before you today are designed to put these issues squarely before you. we understand that members can choose not to vote on these motions and you can, in fact, reject an article or an allegation in light of these constitutional concerns. however, these issues do not turn on the facts of this case. rather, they present threshold questions for each senator in deciding whether to establish new precedent in the scope, in the meaning of impeachable offenses. the first motion before you today is a motion to exclude as a basis for the removal of a federal judge any so-called pre-federal allegations. that is conduct that allege