if i may, i could tell a story -- it happened with a microchip, where both texas instruments and jack gilby, and intel, coinvented around the same time -- a 20 year patent battle, and a noble prize battle, but finally, they call each other and say, let us just share the patent, and they do. and when kilby gets eight noble prize, he says, if he was alive he would be standing with me here. would you like to make a phone call and sort of bring all of these people together at some point? dr. doudna: it sounds lovely when you put it that way. [laughter] life is always more complicated. i don't own any pens, there are all owned by my university. so it is my university that is making decisions about what to do with intellectual property. there are the ones hiring lawyers and deciding how to pursue things. i would say that this is true i imagine, at m.i.t. if it were up to the scientists, it might be better, or [laughter] maybe not. walter: we do have some lawyers in the room, who say that you keep criticizing or blaming them. [laughter] let me open it up if i may, thank you. i am a scientist and i