, but it's also a broader question of these are inve investments and there's some education by james heckman the nobel-prize winning economist who has argued this that investing in early childhood education pays for itself, fewer health expenses, fewer people on public support, less crime, this kind of thing. and, boy -- >> that's a political argument that starts to get really difficult right now, because there are some people that say investment, other people say it's unnecessary spending, that's a nanny state, that is the way the political discourse is going. >> yes, frankly until recently the data was somewhat ambiguous on some of these, but now we're getting more and more data that is really good, kids who are, you know, randomly assigned to early childhood education and those who aren't and those who do do so much better, so much better life outcomes. the question is not can we afford this, can we afford not to do it. >> sal, you are trying to make a career by closing the achievement gap by tutoring, that's one of the things you guys do, but the gap is widening in the country between th