one of the ones not is james madison. he runs into the problem in virginia that patrick henry is one of the great powers in virginia. he's not a big fan of madison and his big role in the constitution. so essentially, madison is sort of, even though he's one of, we call him the father of the constitution. the obvious problem of getting a seat in the senate doesn't happen for james madison. he has to suffer through being elected and running through office and becoming a member of the house. as for election of senators, that's very recent phenomenon in our history. that would be the 17th amendment. so 1913 when we would start electing our senators. so only over a century ago. so all the men prior to that just have to court their state legislature. you think of the lincoln douglas debates over senate. they're not debating for people to vote for them. they're debating for people to vote for people for the state government to vote for them. so it's a complicated system. which is why when you get into the 20th century populism,

one of the ones who is not is james madison. he runs into the problem in virginia that patrick henry is one of the great powers in virginia. henry is not a great fan of madison and his big role in the constitution. essentially madison, even though we call him the father of the constitution, the obvious plum of getting a seat in the senate does not happen for james madison. he has to suffer through being elected and running for office and being a member of the house. as for election of senators, that is actually a very recent phenomena in our history. that would be the 17th amendment. 1913, just over a century ago. all of the men prior to that just had to court their state legislature. so you think of the lincoln douglas debates over senate, they are not debating for people to vote for them. they are debating for people to vote for people for the state government to vote for them. so it's a very complicated system. which is why when you get into that 20 the century populism, people are saying, you know what, we want to be able to

one of the ones bomb is james madison, who runs into the problem in virginia that patrick henry is one of the great powers in virginia. henry is not a big fan of madison and his big bold constitution. so essentially, medicine is sort of even though you call him the father of the constitution the obviously point of getting a seat in the senate doesn't happen for james madison. he has to suffer through running for election, and becoming a member of the house. but as for election of sanders that's actually a very recent phenomenon in our history that would be the 17th amendment. so 1913 when we start electing our son versus just over a century ago. so all of them and prior to that, just have to court their state legislature. so think of the lincoln douglas debates over senate. they're not debating for people to vote for them. they are debating for people to vote for people for the state government to vote for them. so it's a complicated system, which is why when you get into the 21st century populism people are saying we want to be able to vote for our own senate. we vote for pretty much

within it not only washington also thomas jefferson, james madison and james monroe were born. from this small expansive land on the north american continent came four of the nation's first five presidents, a dynasty whose members lead in securing independence, building the republic. what a great way to start a book. i spent most of last night reading it and it's a wonderful chronicle of four major leaders and the interconnected networks that tie them together at the founding of this country. it is a story that evokes what historian bill mclean calls the spirit of hope and perseverance that runs straight through the american experience . doctor cheney is a longtime member of the faculty so i want to take a moment to acknowledge how much we appreciate her scholarship and contributions to ai, not to mention the service she has done for our country. this is the latest in the series of several works by doctor cheney examine our country's history with rigor. her last book james madison: a life reconsidered became a new york times bestseller in 2014 and shed new life on the one of ou

with and it not only washington but also thomas jefferson, james madison and james monroe were born. grew to manhood and made their own. from this small expansive lands on the north american continent came four of the nation's first five presidents and a dynasty whose members lead in securing independence, saving the constitution and building the republic. what a great way to start a book and i have said most of last night reading it and it's a wonderful chronicle of four major leaders and the interconnected network that ties them together at the founding of this country and it's a story that invokes the historian bill calls the story of hope and perseverance that runs straight through the american experience and doctor cheney is a longtime member of ai faculty and let me acknowledge how much we all appreciate the scholarship and intellectual contributions to aei, not to mention the service he done for our country. this is the latest in a series of several works by doctor cheney and examine our country's history with consideration and rigor. and james madison a life became a new york

you can, to give people that sense when they come in to see what it looked like, when men like james madison or young andrew jackson was sitting in this room. as a member of the house of representatives. >> we're in the senate chamber here in philadelphia, the room as you can see is quite a bit more grant in the house of representatives would have been. there's a couple of reasons for that. our roots as a nation go back to when we were british, of course. the british have a parliament with two houses, an upper house the house of lords, the lower house, the house of commons. and there's definitely parallels with our congress, today. the house of representatives is very similarly set up to the house of commons. and then the senate, they would be left to be the house of lords, but obviously we are gonna have dukes and hurls. no noble titles like that. but, we have states, and every state is equal in the senate. so the states kind of take the place of our house of lords, in the senate chambers. so the british, often using that green color government, the colonies would use, it and then into the

whence in it not only washington but also thomas jefferson, james madison and james monroe were born. grew to manhood and made their home. from this small expanse of land on a north american continent came four of the nation's first five presidents. a dynasty whose members lead in securing independence, created the constitution and building the republic. what a great way to start a book. i spent most of last that reading it and it's a wonderful chronicle, four major leaders and interconnected networks that tied them together at the founding of this country. it's a story that evokes the spirit of hope and perseverance that runs straight through the american experience. dr. cheney is a longtime member of aei faculty so want to take a moment to knowledge how much we all appreciate her scholarship and intellectual contributions to aei, not to mention service she has done for our country. this is of the latest in a series of several works by dr. cheney that examines our country's history with consideration and rigor. our last book james madison a life reconsidered became "new york times" b

the last book james madison a life reconsidered became a "new york times" bestseller in 2014 and shed new light on one of our most underappreciated founders. i also want to thank the interviewer today, vice president cheney for his service to the country and great friendship. i'm so pleased both of you here with us for the conversation today and we will be taking questions after the conversation so if you want to ask questions you can e-mail catherine quigley at aei.org or on twitter using the hashtag virginia dynasty. before handing things over i want to say one last thing. a well treasured piece of history concerns the time vice president cheney conducted an interview with the current vice presidents of the united states. during that interview, he was polite but relentless and asks tough questions. it was a great dialogue but there were some who worry that he pushed the envelope a little bit. our view, have at it, give it your best shot and with that i want to turn it over to doctor cheney to speak about her new book the virginia night. >> thank you and i think you did lay out the c

not just madison -- i like to throw in james wilson too.really underestimated but nonethele nonetheless, they needed that example of character. they needed the sort of forceful competitiveness of a hamilton actually for various purposes and then they needed the broad vision that the madison and the wilson provide. >> that was just a portion of our series on america's first principles with author tom ricks. you can find out much more on website at joe.msnbc.com. up next, coronavirus has hit every part of american life from health care to schooling to the economy. among the hardest hit is the nation's restaurant industry. "morning joe" put together a revealing look at how the pandemic has impacted so many business owners and we'll bring that to you next on "morning joe." tremfya® helps adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis uncover clearer skin that can last. in fact, tremfya® was proven superior to humira® in providing significantly clearer skin. serious allergic reactions may occur. tremfya® may increase your risk of infections and

and in part because i know when i was in congress, a lot of republicans looked up to james madison. checks and balances. but tom writes about how those checks and balances, which sometimes create gridlock is not a bug of madison's constitution, but a feature. talk about that and how james madison's drafting of the constitution with those checks and balances have sustained us for over 240 years. >> well, a couple of things. it's true that washington really focused on public virtue, and madison famously wrote men were angels and we wouldn't need government so we need institutions to rein in the bad influences in our nature. but actually if you read the papers carefully, madison and hamilton put as much emphasis on public spirit as they do on checks and balances. we need both together. we need a culture of democratic restraint, mutual toleration and forbearance at the same time we needed the mechanism. those mechanisms -- your second question, absolutely, they are -- they slow things down without any doubt. and they have, in various ways, produced balance and as our demography has chan

curry: you'd have to read my james madison notes to know -- even after read james madison's notes to know who people were individually. mason worked really hard in shaping the system to be more democratic than it might have otherwise been without him. he was very influential and pushed really hard and refused to sign it in the end. but he made it look a lot better than it could have. other questions? student: i have a question, if that's ok? i'm pretty familiar with the 3/5 compromise and i understand what it is, but i was curious of how it came to 3/5? it's super specific. i know why it is, i don't really know why had to be 3/5. prof. curry: i am not sure if anyone knows why it was 3/5. we have very limited notetaking on the nature of the debates. it varied from moment to moment because there were a handful of people who were delegates who kept a journal or a diary during it, most of those are very spotty. you might have days and their diary just said, "attended convention today." james madison took about as complete notes as he could, but it was him scribbling 18 hours a day while

the other thing that frustrated me the first call is james madison and dolly madison catches wind that they're beginning succession proceedings on what to do in the senate. i'm talking about what happens with vice president gary. she writes a note exaggerating her husband's recovery. he eventually makes a recovery. james madison was instrumental in writing the constitution, nobody bothers to ask him, what do you mean when you said the same shall devolve on the vice president? then andrew jackson is shot at point-blank by a man who believes he is the king of england. the gun is touching him. he is sort of in shock and a gun out of 125,000 chance of ma'am functioning. he realizes the gun didn't work and he decides to beat the assailant with his cane. some of the founding fathers are still alive. nobody bothered to ask them what do they mean by devolve to the vice president? so by the time william henry harrison drops dead in april 1841, the last founding father, james madison has been dead for four years and there is nobody to ask. and i can sort of go through close call after close call

james madison is going to get credit for putting together a lot of the virginia plan that is submitted by edmund randolph, eventually our first attorney general. another virginian is chosen by nomination from pennsylvania to sit in the back of the room and lead the constitutional convention, and that will be george washington. the big hero of the day, of course, you know, equal now to franklin as far as american fame goes, and so washington will take the lead in the constitutional convention, and in fact the very chair in the back of the room behind me is the chair in which washington sat which interestingly is the only item in this room that we today have in this room that we know for certain was here as a part of those events. that chair was made in 1779 after the british had left philadelphia. a lot of things were gone, you know, between the americans coming and going, the british coming and going. we just don't have all the contents of the building anymore, so pennsylvania's government has to make new furniture, including that chair for the speaker of pennsylvania so that was in th

but another thing that frustrated me was the very first close call is james madison, on his deathbed as president, and dolly madison catches wind that they are beginning succession proceedings on what to do in the senate, talking about what happens with vice president gary and she writes a note exaggerating her husband's recovery and eventually does make a recovery. james madison was instrumental in writing the constitution and nobody bothers to ask him, what do you mean when you said the same shell devolve on the vice president. and then projection is shot at point blank, why a man who believes he's the king of england. the he assumes he's been shot, and he's in shock, and the guy who now 125,000 chance of not functioning, he says the gun did not work and he beats the person with his cane. so so what do they mean, by devolved vice president. so by the time the last founding father, james madison has been dead for years, there is nobody to ask. so i could sort of go through close call after close call after close call, but i will tell you three of my favorite stories and one is just

within it not only washington, but also thomas jefferson, james madison, and james monroe were been. grew to manhood and mad their home. from this small expanse of land on the north american continent came four over nation's first five presidents am dynasty whose members led in securing independence, greating the constitution -- creating the constitution and building the republic. what a great way to start a book. i've spent most of last night reading it and it's a wonderful chronicle of four major leaders and their network that tied them together at the founding of this country. it as story that evokes with the historians bill mcclay call the spirit of hope and perseverance that runs straight through the american experience, dr. cheney is a long time member of aei faculty and i want to acknowledge much he appreciate ore scholarship and intellectual contributions to aiu and the service she has done for our country. this is the latest in a series of several works by temperatures cheney that examine our country's history with consideration and rigor. her last book, james madison, life

after the war of 1812, the president of the united states james madison said, we need to establish fortifications up and down the eastern seaboard. they recruited general simon bernard, the french engineer, who helped us established what we call the third system forts that we used today. it's an example of the largest and best of all of those ports. an 1819 it was decided was this location decided that port comfort was the location for fort monroe. they began construction almost immediately and it wasn't finished until 1834. the model that we see today is exactly what it would look like in 1834 when the first soldiers began to populate this fortification. and be that offense for the jury broader of the chesapeake. the frenchman, general simon b ernard, was an intelligent engineer. it created many facets to this fort and he made it one of the strongest strongholds in the united states. one of the things he did is that he had several angles on the fort. . this moat was originally designed to allow them to move materials around the fort to help with construction. after it was completed, the moat mad

after the war of 1812, the president of the united states, james madison, said we need to establish fortifications all up and down our eastern seaboard. they recruited, interestingly enough, general simon bernard, the french engineer. he came and helped us establish what we call the third system we used today. 14 row is an example of the largest and best of all those votes. in 1819 it was decided that this location point comfort, it would be the location for fort mcmurray. it began construction almost immediately, and didn't finish until 1834. the model that we see today is exactly what it would look like, in 1830, for when the first soldiers began to populate this fortification. and the defense will of the chesapeake. the frenchman, general simon bernard, was a very intelligent engineer. he created many facets to this fort, that made it one of the strongest strongholds here, in the united states. one of the things he did is that he had several angles on the ford. so as the enemy approached the individual fort walls, they could be cross fired from different angles on the fort, on the enemy line. y

the other thing that frustrated me is the very first close call was james madison, who was basically on his deathbed as president and dolly madison catches wind that they are beginning succession proceedings on what to do in the senate. i'm talking about what happens with vice president gary. she writes a note exaggerating her husband's recovery. eventually does make a recovery, but james madison was instrumental in writing the constitution and nobody bothers him to ask him what did you mean when you said the same shell devolve on the vice president? then andrew jackson is shot at point blank by a man who believes he is the king of england. the gun is literally touching him. he assumes he's been shot. he's sort of in shock. well the gun had a one in 125,000 chance in -- to not work. it malfunctions any proceeds to beat him with his cane. what do they mean by devolve to the vice president? by the time -- the last founding father james madison has been dead for four years and there's nobody to ask. i could sort of go through close call after close call after close call, but i will tell

her last book, james madison, became a new york times best seller in 2014 and shed new light on the life of one of our most underappreciated founders. i also want to thank doctor cheney's interviewer today, vice president cheney for his service to our country and great friendship at aei. i am so pleased that both of you here with us for this conversation today and we will be taking questions after their conversations so if you want to ask questions e-mail her research assistants at catherine quigley, with a k@ai .org or on twitter using # virginia dynasty aia. before i hand things over and want to say one last thing. a well treasured piece of ai history concerns the time vice president cheney conducted an interview with the current vice president of the united states, mike pence. during the interview vice president cheney was polite but relentless and asked to have questions that challenge vice president pence. it was a great dialogue but there were some, not me of course, who worried that our questioner had pushed the envelope a little bit. i am sure you will agree by president cheney t

. >> james madison owned sarah, william, just to name a few people. george washington owned abram, adam, alice, and anthony. and the list goes on. towards mason owned samson -- george manson -- george mason owned samson, bridget. trust pinckney -- charles pinckney owned john, helena, peter, hester, and many others. these are just a few names that we can remember today. knew theshington subject of slavery was unavoidable by the time of the constitution's ratification. by that time, the institution was already thoroughly mixed into the foundation of our new nation. from 1770 -- 1787 and 1788, what happened to the constitution after the civil war? the constitution was radically changed after the civil war. there are three amendments that were ratified. we call them the civil war amendments or the reconstruction amendment. the 13th amendment, which abolished slavery, the 14th amendment, which is the one we probably know the best, it attached a bunch of civil rights to all people, but particularly for formerly enslaved people. you find the guarantee of equ

jefferson, james madison, george washington and others will continue to perfect that innovation of religious liberty. it is the pilgrims could begin it 1620. we call them pilgrims because that is what they call themselves. one of their leaders william bradford wrote a book called of plymouth plantation, which he describes their life and motives and watch of what we know of them comes from that book, and in that book he describes why they went where they went, did what they did, and why they took ship eventually in the mayflower and came to the new world. it was not the first time those pilgrims had left england. we call them separatists. they were a subset of the puritans, that group of protestant christians who had churchconvinced that the of england, the anglican church, was susceptible to corruption and had become overly catholic in its liturgy and faith and practice. they hoped to purify it, to return the anglican church to a more pristine form of christianity, one more closely modeled on the new testament of primitive christianity. these pilgrims had concluded that it was impossible to

after the war of 1812, the president of the united states james madison said we need to establish fortifications all up and down our eastern seaboard. they recruited general simone barnard, a french engineer who helped us establish the third system forts today. fort monroe is an example of the largest and best of all of those forts. in 1819 it was decided that this location, point comfort, will be the location for fort monroe. they begin construction almost immediately and didn't finish until 1834. the model that we see today is exactly what it would look like in 1834 when the first soldiers would come to populate this fortification and be the defense or the gibraltar of the chesapeake. the frenchman, general simone barnard was an intelligent engineer and created many facets that made it one of the strongest strongholds here in the united states. one of the things he did is that he had several angles on this fort. as the enemy approached the individual fort walls, there could be cross-fire on the enemy. it has a moat. it was designed to allow to move materials around the fort to help with its co

after of war of 1812, the president of the united states, james madison, said, we need to establish fort locations up and down our eastern seaboard. they recruited, interestingly enough, general simone bernard, a french engineer who came and helped us establish what we called 3rd system force today. fort monroe is an example of the large effort and best of all of those forts. in 1819, it was decided that this location, point comfort, would be the location for fort monroe. they began constructing almost immediately and didn't finish until 1834. the moldal we see today is exactly what it would have looked like in 1834 when the first soldiers would come to populate this fortification of the bridge. and the frenchman bernard was a very intelligent engineer and created many facets to this fort that made it one of the strongest strongholds here in the united states. one of the things they is that he had several angles on this forward. so as the enemy approached the individual fort walls, there could be cross fire from different angles on the fort on the enemy. also you notice it has a moat. th

james madison was 5't'4" or 1.6 . james buchananly, he was the president never to marry.ate of pennsylvania, which we have been talking about a lot recently. and donald trump shares an unlikely bit of biography with one of his politicalnaole models, reagan, guess what? they were the only two divorced men to win the highestth officen land. some fun factsenbout the presal elections. i'm katty kay, this is "bbc world news america." i will be back here tomorrow night, see youhen. narrator: funding for this presentation of this program is provided by... langua spanish, french and more. raymond james. the freeman foundation. by judy and peter blum kovler foundation; pursuing solutions for america's neglected needs. and by contributions to this pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. nat the height of the conflict. into vietnam he bec e a single parent of tw. we moved a lot we slept in rest areas we slept in our car. i didn't realize that we were actually homeless. it makes your world really small. happened to have a tv, it was really special. we loved nova. especially whe

james madison owned sarah, william, sooki, just to name a few people. george washington owned abram, adam, alice and anthony and the list goes on. george mason owned sampson, nance, bridgett. charles of south carolina owned john, jelena, peter, molly, esther and many others. these are a few names that we can remember today. george washington knew that the subject of slavery was unavoidable by the time of the constitution's ratification. by that time the institution was already thoroughly mixed into the foundation of our new nation. so skipping ahead in time a little bit from 1787 and 1788, what happened to the constitution after the civil war? >> the constitution was radically changed after the civil war. there's three amendments that were ratified in the wake of the civil war and we call them the civil war amendments or the reconstruction amendments. the 13th amendment which abolished slavery in 1865. the 14th amendment which is the one we probably know the best, it was in 1868 and it attached a bunch of civil rights to all people, well, but particular

james madison took about as complete notes as he could. like scribbling 18 hours a day while things were going on. you have him talking about them debating, things like the 3/5 compromise. specificy going into fractions throughout. 3/5 must have sound good enough to everyone. how things work at the convention is that they would decide if that number sounded satisfactory to everyone. also wide two year terms for the house? some would say four and they'd be like that was too much. others would say one, that was not long enough. it was probably just a matter of them being like ok. thatme with the proposal slaves counted as full proportionate. there were members that didn't want them to count at all. 3/5 was good enough for everyone to say fine. why 3/5 remains a mystery. other questions? let's run through how the electoral college works step-by-step and what the outcomes of that have been like? how does it work today? not how does it work in 1789, how does it work right now? you have 53 eight electoral votes as part of the college in a given

that's a james madison thing.also, you can't look at [opera music] ♪ - okay, that was a tough question. so raise your hand if you know the answer. - photosynthesis. [whispering] photosynthesis. - photosynthesis. - yes, annabelle? - antarctica! - that's right, annabelle! the answer is antarctica. - well, when i was in school, it was photosynthesis. - now, what is the pythagorean theorem? can anyone else answer besides annabelle? [phone blips] are any of you even doing the assignments i'm giving? [suspenseful music] ♪ - no! no! wait. [dramatic music] maybe it was a mistake. cnn just posted it by accident. everything's fine, it was chris cuomo and his fat fingers, that's all. everything's good. everything's fine. we're good! everything's good! [breathing loudly] wait. maybe this is a dream and i'm still naked. oh, god! "roe v. wade!" ugh. everything's fine, everything's good. gotta stay hydrated when everything's normal. [phone notifications dinging] [whimpers] [breathing loudly] [bleep]! [bleep]! [rock music] sorry,

this is where your heavy hitters will be -- alexander hamilton and james madison. but the guy who is probably going to do most of the writing is a pennsylvanian by the name of gouverneur morris, a man with a wooden leg. a man very gifted with the pen. and morris is a friend of george washington. there is a story that comes from that summer with morris and alexander hamilton and there is a bet made, hamilton makes with morris because morris slaps george washington on the back, how are you doing kind of thing, and washington prefers to bow and can be on the aloof side, especially in public. hamilton is like you're never going to do that. i bet you're not going to do it. so of course he goes up and does it and washington gives him one of his glaring looks and shrinks him down and i'm sure hamilton is standing in the corner laughing like mad but gouverneur morris is the guy who's going to write that "we the people of the united states, in order to form a more perfect union" -- that famous preamble we know. at the end, you have this famous constitution. four pages, and

james madison forgot to include something in the constitution.ernment post election loss and this is something that happens in a banana republic not george washington's republic and we should all be very concerned about that. the trump administration is a melting ice cube and trump needs to realize that and we as a country and us as a republican party need to get prepared to move beyond this >> i appreciate your time. >> thank you. >> and your blunt words. thank you very much. >>> also breaking tonight senator chuck grassley confirms he has coronavirus. he is 87 years old. the senator is now in self-quarantine at his home in iowa. iowa meantime is surpassing more than 2,000 deaths tonight. the white house coronavirus experts calling iowa's spread, quote, aggressive and unrelenting saying the state response is their word inadequate. >> reporter: butch hanson 84 years old diagnosed with covid-19 last week. >> we're going to get a ct scan of your chest. you've got some junk in your chest. so you probably have a little pneumonia but i want to make su

>> totally thanks >> you have to go and read james madison's notes to pull out where all those people were individually. >> yeah. >> even then they worked really hard and end up shaping the system to being more democratic than it would've otherwise would've been. he refused to sign in the end it would've looked he made it look a lot better than it could have. because he had determination. other questions? >> i had a question if that's okay. i'm pretty familiar with the compromise but i was just curious how did it come to three facebook? that's super specific >> yeah >> i know why it is i don't really know why specifically it was that. >> i don't know why was three fifths like so many things the convention we have very limited no taking on the nature of the debates. and very from moment to moment. is a handful of people that were delegates that really kept a journal or a diary during it and most of those are very spotty we might have these gone and their diary says attended convention. today james madison tried to talk about as complete notes as we could, it was just him scribbling 18

. >> you'd have to read james madison's notes to pull out who those people were individually. >> yeah. yeah. >> mason work hard and shaped the system to be more democratic than it otherwise might have been because he was very influential and pushed really hard and refused to seen it in the end, but he made it look a lot better relative to his preferences than it could have because he was dogged in his determination. other questions? >> i had a question if that's okay. >> yeah. >> so i'm pretty familiar with the three-fifths com from myself, but i was curious how did it come to 3/5 because that's super specific. >> super specific. i know why it is, but i don't know why 3/5. >> i don't know why specifically 3/5 like so many things in the convention, we have sort of limited note taking on the nature of the debates and it var ed from moment to moment because there were a handful of people who kept a journal or diary during it and most of those are spotty and you might have the intended election today. james madison took about as complete notes as we being, but it was just him scribbling 1

james madison took about as complete notes as we could but it was him scribbling 18 hours a day while things were going on. he didn't always capture what everyone said in every moment. so you have like him talking about like them debating, things like a three fifths compromise but not going into what were the different specific fractions thrown out. three fifths must have sounded good enough to everyone is probably -- because that's often when things -- how things worked at the convention is that they would decide that that number sounded satisfactory to everyone so something like also like why two-year terms for the house. it was like, well, someone proposed four and people were like oh, that's too much, that's too long and someone else proposed one and it's like that's not long enough and someone said two and yeah, that's good. it was probably a matter of the southern states saying, okay, getting -- the south came with a proposal that slaves counted as full individuals for apportionment which would have really increased their power in congress and some members wanted slaves not to c

james madison famously warned without educated citizens, popular government is but a prologue to a farce or a tragedy or perhaps both. thank you jenny mattison over there. doctor rose, we are eager to hear from you about what we can do to avoi the tragedy for which madison speaks. let me inviteoctor rose to join us on camera and please jo me in giving a warm ritage welcome to doctor david rose. take it away, david. >> thank you, joe, for that kind introduction. i appreciate it. given the contribution to understanding the importance of culture and free society, it is a privilege to give the lecture. i'd also like to thank ed for putting this in motion. in a variety of ways but let me start by making clear what, i mean, by the culture. it pertains to knowledge across the generations through learning rather than change. different societies transmit different forms of cultural knowledge but i contend that the way culture works is basically the same across all societies. today i will start by talking about how culture works and then i will talk about the kind of cultural knowled that is crucl

not only to issue the law but to enforce it and then to judge whether the citizen violated them james madison said the functions in one hand is the very essence of tyranny so to be accused of violating one of their regulations if you don't have a lot of time and money you have no chance of getting to a real court to review a decision know your find $12 million or $150,000 now it's two years you go another couple years to court to get the courts to review that decision and now told by the supreme court to review the decision just make sure it's not unreasonable so the agency says it means this then they can only ask itself if it's a reasonable interpretation it's not crazy so we should acquiesce so these agencies performing all these functions and then being allowed to essentially have the final word on what the law means contrary quoted from chief justice marshall the duty and province of the judges of the judiciary to say what the law is then i tried to persuade them he said i just can't go on to decide of the secretary was reasonable. [laughter] >> thas not the constitution we were given. >

to their surprise the founding fathers thomas jefferson and george washington james madison who thought slavery would die out in the south the way was dying out in the north doesn't happen. slavery with changes in technology with the cotton industry and the growth of territories ended slavery so john brown became increasingly discouraged with the future the country and slavery. in 1830s when the abolitionist movement blew up in the north john brown was radicalized by the murder of an abolitionist editor who was killed by a mob and john brown thought this is gone too far. people who believe that slavery must and need to stand up. if the proslavery forces are willing to use violence than anti-slavery crowd needs to take up arms as well but that's when john brown devoted himself against slavery. the first one was metaphorical and it quickly it became. >> they were the things converging in the mid-19th century. the change in the economy in the north and the south but also the expanded settlement of the western territories and growing influence of abolition movement at odds with the southern

james nad james madison included the phrase to the best of my judgment and power.udgment and power was changed to abilities and shortened to the best of my ability. trump admitting he lost this election to joe incapable of the empathy to do the job of president. before he took office, trump said, quote, i think i made a lot of sacrifices. i've worked very, very hard, created thousands and thousands of jobs, tens of thousands of jobs, built great structures, i've had tremendous success. i think i've done a lot. is it surprising to anyone that a question about his sacrifices ended with a brag about his businesses? to the best of my ability is a challenge to the oath, to try harder to to be the best they can be. for trump, it turns out those words were an excuse for the failure of his presidency. m. nope! for a smile that's always camera -ready. crest 3d white removes 95% of stains in just 3 days. ♪ ♪ you're all, you're all i need ♪ ♪ you're all, you're all i need ♪ ♪ as long as i got you then baby ♪ ♪ you know that you've got me, oh! yea...♪ ♪ transitions light under

papers were authored from 1787 to the time of the ratification of the constitution in 1789 by james madison, who served as the fourth president of the united states, alexander hamilton, who was the first secretary of the treasury of the new republic, and by john jay, who was the first chief justice of the united states supreme court. the purpose of the papers was to persuade the citizenry of the young nation of the need to adopt a new form of government and to leave behind the very loosely foreign government which the citizens had seen under the articles of confederation. in authoring the federalist madison, andton, jay exhibited, if you will, the very best qualities of leadership that we see in lawyers. madison was not a lawyer, but he was learned in the law. hamilton and jay were, of course, lawyers and they used their lawyering powers, their abilities as leaders in the capacity as lawyers and drafters of the federalist papers to successfully usher the constitution to its ratification in 1789. we believe that the discussion today between talmage boston and secretary baker will further ill

to the surprise of the founding fathers, thomas jefferson, george washington, james madison who all thought slavery would die out in the south the way it had died out in the north that didn't happen. slavery became fixed more firmly on the southern economy with changes in technology of the cotton industry and growth of territory, land available to slavery. so john brown became increasingly discouraged by the future of the country on slavery. when the abolitionist movement grew up in the north john brown was radicalized by the murder of elijah lovejoy, an abolitionist who was killed by a mob and john brown thought this is gone too far. but people who believe slavery must end need to stand up. if the pro-slavery forces are willing to use violence as they were in the case of lovejoy than the anti-slavery side needs to take up arms as well. that is when john brown devoted himself to making war against slavery. first the war was metaphorical but quickly became actual. >> a number of things converging in the nineteenth century, change in the economy in the north and south also the expanded settle

regarding his own legacy, jefferson himself once said to his presidential successor james madison, he said take care of me when did. he did have to worry because for the most part, after the six decades of the 20th century, the historian shared that jefferson was beyond reproach. and he justified his reputation. so let's take a quick, look at jefferson's career. a very very briefly, he was born 1743 people 13th, his father was a farmer who became a successful planter. he joined the upper class by joining by mary jean randall. he was educated he became a successful and well-known lawyer in virginia. he was opposing in appearance over six foot tall rare for that day, and with red hair. for a public figure he was shy, and avoided appearances whenever possible. he was elected to state legislature, in 1769, by which time he owned more than 25 acres of land and a substantial number of slaves. 1772 he married a young widow, through whom he doubled his property, and increased his number of slaves. he was cast into deep depression, by the death of his wife in 1782. he never remarried. he becam

george mason, james madison, or aoc? and pelosi and schumer and biden, biden is a dimestore politician. he's been a politician for 47 years. the man has accomplished absolutely nothing, 39 years in the senate, eight years as vice president. are we going to reject our history? will be going to reject the agents that inform our history for joe biden who runs around and talks about unity and says he would do more on the virus when you know he would not? everything is at stake. i will close with a quote from one of the great living icons and he said on my show back in july what i see is if the election goes to biden that there is a good chance that the democrats will then control to branches of congress and the white house and considering the kinds of things they are proposing to my that could well be the point of no return for this country. we've come too far. we are too great of a nation, we have saved too many people. we have lost too many lives. think about your own ancestors. to surrender this country and one vote to a

regarding his own legacy, jefferson himself once employed his friend and presidential successor james madison to, quote, take care of me when dead. for the most part, historians shared the popular view of jefferson as being beyond reproach. and clearly his career would seem to have justified that reputation. let's take a quick look at jefferson's career, very, very briefly. when he was born on april 13th, 1743, his father was a farmer who became a successful planter. he joined the upper class by maryi marrying jane randolph. he was studied law and he himself became a successful and well-known lawyer in virginia. he was imposing an appearance standing over 6 feet tall, unusual for that day, and with red hair. oddly for a public figure, he was shy and avoided public appearances whenever possible. he was elected to the state legislature which was in the house of burgesses which he owned 2500 acres of land and a substantial number of slaves. he married a young widow where he increased his number of slaves. he was cast into deep depression by the death of his wife in 1782. he never remarried. he b