james madison -- and this is the one of the most telling remarks madison perhaps ever made, and he wrote this in a letter memorably. we're in a wilderness without a single footstep to guide us. james madison who was in a sense the closest to a embodiment of a guiding spirit that the first congress had. i'll speak of him again in a minute. madison feared that no one would show up. if you read his letters, and i want to mention parenthetically because some of you may already be aware of this, there was a marvelous project, the first federal congress project, which was founded as long as 50 years ago and just recently completed the 23rd volume of the collected papers of the first congress, not online, unfortunately, but makes fabulous reading for anybody who really wants to know what the founders were talking about when they were trying to do the work. anyway, madison feared that nobody would show up, there wouldn't even be a quorum, and his letters from that period arh to begin with and you read his letters, he's on the brink of collapse, that it was all going to be a fizzle at the start.

james madison was 25 and alexander hamilton was just 19. it's incredible.were taking on the strongest military in the world and those colonists picked up their hunting rifles and their muskets and decided to fight for freedom. if they can do that we can do what we have to do this election cycle. we can do it. in fact, ben franklin at the time reminded them of the job. ben franklin said as he signed the declaration of independence we must all hang together or most assuredly we will all hang separately. they knew the risks but took on the fight anyway and did it for us. they gave us this experiment of a republic if we can keep it. and now is the time. they fought and let's not lose it on our watch. i will tell you one last story before i leave your years ago i had a lady walked up to me and she said to me my name is sherry and she said you don't know me but i own a pearl store. i said, really? she goes, yes. i go, why do you only sell pearls? she said because they are the only precious gem made from a living creature. all others are created a different way bu

about james madison and jefferson and washington later just to see again after many years of study a long time ago about those early days of our own country. as you all may know, the first draft of the constitution did not include the bill of rights. they couldn't get enough states to ratify the constitution of the united states until the bill of rights were added. so that was a very major undertaking, and james madison and others helped to draft those finally-accepted 10 amendments to the constitution known as the bill of rights. that didn't include everyone. it wasn't until after the civil war when the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments were passed, and then, let me ask you, when did women get the right to vote in this country? [indiscernible] [indiscernible] pres. carter: that's not right. that's when white women got the right to vote. that's a very important thing to remember, because in 1920, the constitution was passed, but when they were said that women had a right to vote, well you couldn't discriminate because of sex it just really included white women. it wasn't until 30 someth

that's when james madison came to the rescue. by drafted the bill of rights. the first 10 amendments to the united states constitution. originally madison felt that the bill of rights were unnecessary because it was obvious to him that the government couldn't exert powers that the constitution had not assigned to it. everybody in this hall knows, governments don't like to limit themselves. instead, they are -- [applause] they are constantly moving to exert and appropriate new powers. the patriots in 1791 vividly remembered the british tyranny and they knew that every power that a government takes, it will never voluntarily relinquish. and every power a government takes, it will ultimately abuse to the ultimate extent possible. that's why the delegates to the constitutional convention balked at a constitution that only enumerated government powers, but nowhere limited them. so thanks to george mason, the bill of rights was enshrined in our nation's founding document, the main articles of the constitution enumerate what the government can do. the bill of rights

that was a major undertaking and james madison and others had to draw those 10 amendments. those did not include everyone. after the civil war when the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments were passed. when did women get the right to vote in this country? [indiscernible] that is not right. [laughter] pres. carter: that is when white women got the right to vote. that is a very important thing to remember. in 1920 the constitution was passed, when they said women had a right to vote and you could not discriminate because of sex, it only meant white women. it was only when the civil rights laws were passed, after the civil rights movement and african-american women also had the right to vote. until then in the south you had to pay a poll tax. it has been a step-by-step progressive element. i would say in the 1960's and 1970's the u.s. raved a sigh of relief -- breathed a sigh of relief because they said there would be no discrimination in the military forces or civil service. that was seven years before rosa parks on the bus. and of course, when that was successful, we passed the c

>> i read a book about james madison and jefferson and washington. to see again after many years of study, a long time ago, about the early days of our country. as you may know, the first draft of the constitution did not include the bill of rights. they could not get enough states to ratify the constitution until the bill was added. that was a very major undertaking. james madison and others had to draft the 10 amendments to the constitution known when the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments let me ask you all , when did the women get a right to vote thing to remember. in 1920, but it was really just for white women. it was not until 30 something years later that civil rights laws were passed when lyndon johnson was president. during the civil rights movement african-american women also got the right to vote. that was an important issue. the 25th amendment came along later and you did not have to pay the poll tax. but until then in some southern states you had to pay a poll tax in order to vote. in the 1960's and 1970's, the united states breathed a sig

james madison, of course, of virginia is there. i'm it would have been very hard to have imagined the philadelphia convention ultimately in terms of its ability to kind of secure some level of support without george washington's support. washington being someone that was widely he was the american sense that he was someone who had laid down power when he had the opportunity to take it up. so if you were worried this turning into, you know, a power play, power grab, something sort of anti populist in that sense, then presumably washington's presence his support from it would give you some comfort, right? some of pause that in fact, that isn't what it was all about. so there are some attendees there. alexander hamilton, of course, as i said, he wasn't able to stay the of the time, but nonetheless, is there. not to mention him as kind of the. sort of leading among a group of sort new nationalists, if you put yourself into that meeting in philadelphia, if you were there in independence hall or pennsylvania state house, you say washingt

i read a a book about james madison and jefferson and washington just to see again after many years of study a long time ago about the early days of her own country. as you all may know, the first draft of the constitution did not include the bill of rights but they couldn't get enough states to ratify the coast edition of until the bill of rights was added. and so that was a very major undertaking, and james madison another's health draft those findings tend and limits to the constitutional as of the bill of rights. that did not include everyone. and after, was in after jonathan civil war wendy 13th, 14th, 15th amendments were passed and then let me ask you all, when did the women get the right to vote? [inaudible] that's not right. [laughing] that's when white women got the right to vote. that's a very important thing to remember because in 1920, the constitution was passed but we couldn't discriminate because of sex, it just really included whitedn women. it wasn't until thirtysomething years later that the civil rights laws were passed when lyndon johnson was president, that's the

and first lady attend the inaugural ball, another tradition that officially began with president james madison this is the chance for a new president to talk to americans and say what he would like to do. >> a new chapter to welcome the new president. >> okay, kristen, thanks very much. >>> time now for our pop quiz. the question this week, what is the name of the plane the president of the united states travels on? is it a, air force one? b, marine one? or c, united one? i'll give you a few seconds to think about it. okay, time's up. the answer is a, air force one. the white house says technically, air force one is used to designate any air force aircraft carrying the president, but it is now standard practice to use the term to refer to specific planes that are equipped to transport the commander in chief. today, this name refers to one of two highly customized boeing 747-200b series aircraft for the president. >>> just ahead, the baby hippo who is melting hearts. what makes her so special? >> poppy is more than doubled in size since she was born, and she's trying to learn all the ropes that

james madison was very clear about that, we have to deal with the truth.ou can make arguments for donald trump or vice president kamala harris or whoever you want, but they should be based on facts, not on conspiracy theories and lies. >> obviously the smith report brings the conclusion is remarkable and unprecedented prosecutorial endeavor in this country. and your constituent, attorney general garland has played a very integral key in the project. i want to read a couple of quotes from the last couple of weeks of the last few weeks concerning the certification and its conclusion. representative jerrold nadler, recently told huffington post kobani merrick garland within the year initiating the investigation and eventual prosecution of tropical. and anonymous justice department officials involved in the investigation recently told cnn, quote, they wasted time, they were not strategic, it was a whole year of nothing. they waited so long, they ended up helping trump in the primary and dividing the country. what do you think? >> from that question? looking at

about james madison and jefferson and washington later just to see again after many years of study ag time ago about those early days of our own country. as you all may know, the first draft of the constitution did not include the bill of rights. they couldn't get enough states to ratify the constitution of the united states until the bill of rights were added. so that was a very major undertaking,

books, including john marshall: the man who made the supreme court, a life of abraham lincoln, james madison george washington on leadership. his writings have appeared in the new yorker, the new york times, the wall street journal, the atlantic monthly , time, and vanity fair. he is currently a senior editor of national review and a senior fellow at the national review institute. this evening the podium stands near that place in which we invest emotion in the words of our speaker. because it was where winston churchill was admitted to membership in the society. ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming richard brookhiser to the podium. >> thank you for that introduction. thank you for coming out. i'm a repeater here. years ago, i filmed a scene from a documentary for a film of by michael pack, which was rediscovering george washington. and we did a scene from washington's favorite play he and we use this to illustrate the moment at newberg when he talks his officers down from a mutiny. and the scene in the play shows ko similarly ending a mutiny in his own roman troops and we wanted

as james madison would've looked at these charred stones in the archway the house was rising again just as george washington designed it but with construction taking over two years to complete james and dolly madison will never live here again. it is time for a new president and his wife to make their marks on the home. tn continuous use here, and they tn were brought to the white house by president and first lady whose influence is seen all around the home, but in the blue >> they are some of the oldest remaining items that have been in continuous use here and they were brought to the white house by a president and first lady whose influence is seen all around the home but centered in the blue room. the blue room is's and one of the most authentic in the house that could go back to one time in the white house. i probably would go back to the monroe period after war of 1812 >> the blue room is bethe munro. one of the most authentic in the house. you can go back to one time in the white house i would go back to the monroe. after the war of 1812 because the wheels of the united states wer

dolley and james madison's reputations in the immediate aftermath of the burning cannot be saved. of course, they were hated after the after the house was burned. that was part of one of the byproducts. they were considered terrible cowards for running. but with andrew jackson symbolic over the british at new orleans january 1815, the war comes to a close on a triumphant for the country and helps restore part of the madison's public reputation. the white house was rebuilt in triumph. i mean, it was rebuilt, madison said. we will be rebuilt. the capital will. they will be rebuilt, as they were in a ground floor service. well, you can still see the original marks left from the inferno as james madison would have looked at these charred stones, the archway, the house was rising again just as george washington it but with construction taking over two years to complete, james and dolley madison will never here again. it is time for a new president and his wife to make their marks on the home. they some of the oldest remaining items that been in continuous use here, and they were brough

so he's all about like james madison. let's let's ratify constitution. but then the way it's implemented is concentrating too much power. and the federal. so i don't think is a response to washington. i think there's a pretty consistent ideology throughout his life that you can follow. but i will say that i think washington's view of gates, which is pretty well documented as being being bad, has really clouded how historians. viewed gates especially look at read historians the 19th century. they hate gates even they want historians like gates, but especially like the 19 early 20th century's they're trying to celebrate washington this great founder of the nation and, he really doesn't like this other guy. the other becomes kind of the bad guy in many ways and ways that are sometimes another. washington's criticism always unfair. but i think the way that historians have often interpreted it has probably hurt gates's legacy a bit. and one way to think about it is it's not really much named after is like, think about the other revolutionary generals. there's

books, including john the man who made the supreme court founders on a life of abraham lincoln james madison, george washington on leadership. what would the founders do? alexander hamilton, american and founding father reed discovering george washington and brought my copy of my book that my wife gave me shortly nine, 11 and 2001. he has his have appeared in the new yorker, new york times, the wall street journal, the atlantic monthly, time, vanity fair. he is currently senior editor of national review and a senior fellow at the national institute. this evening, the podium stands near that place in which we invested motion in the words of our speaker, because it was where winston churchill was admitted to hereditary membership in the society in 1947, representing a revolution ornery war officer from whom he was descended through his american mother. ladies and gentlemen join me in welcoming richard brookhiser to the podium podium. thank you for that. and introduction. thank you for coming out. i'm a repeater here. 25 years ago, i filmed a scene, a documentary for a film of by michael pack,

john marshall, the man who made the supreme court, found her son the life of abraham lincoln, james madisonorge washington on leadership. what would the founders do. alexander hamilton, american and founding father, rediscovering george washington, and i brought my copy of my book that my wife gave me shortly after 9/11 in 2001. rs writings have appeared in the new yorker, the wall street journal, "time" and "vanity fair." he is a senior fellow at the national review institute. this evening the podium stands near the podium where we invest emotion in the words of our speaker because it was where winston churchill had society ney 1947 representing a revolutionary war officer from whom he had descended through his american mother. ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming richard brookhiser to the podium. [ applause ] coming out. i'm a repeater here. 25 years ago, i filmed a scene, a do ar>> thank you for that introduction. thank you for coming out. i'm a repeater here. 25 years ago i filmed a scene from the documentary for a film by michael pack which was rediscovering george washing

and that's what james madison came to the rescue. i drafting the bill of rights, the first ten amendments. the united states constitution, original. madison felt that the bill of rights were unnecessary because it was obvious to him that the government couldn't exert powers that the constitution had not assigned to it. everybody in this hall knows governments don't like to limit themselves. instead, they are. their are constantly moving to exert an appropriate new powers at the patriots in 1791. vividly remember the british tyranny and they knew that every power that a government takes it will never alter, relinquish. and every power of government takes ultimately abuse. the ultimate example possible and that's why this delicate constitutional convention box at a constitution and only enumerated government powers a nowhere limit. and so george mason, the bill of rights was enshrined in our nation's founding documents. the main articles, the constitu otion enumerate with the government can do. the bill of rights is the opposite. no ri

james madison said in federalist 49 that the people of the only legitimate fountain of power. if america's public servants returned to that belief and do it, america will be free, prosperous. we will be safe again. but if they don't, then we won't. what we loved about president reagan is what our country is desperate for today, leaders who believe in the goodness of america, see hope or its future and are willing to gather our resources, will and courage to make it real. america is burning daylight. it is literally up to us republicans to bring that message. it is not for us to give up, it is for us to reach deep, to get up every day and to build a country where men and women are free to think, speak, create, build and believe. if we do this, we will call forth that strength is the birthright of every american. we will meet the test in our time, here at home and beyond the shining sea. i know we can, and i believe that we can. thank you, and may god continue to richly bless the united states of america. have a wonderful day. [applause] >> we are pulling from the seas and archi

james madison also wrote the federalist 39 to ascertain the real character of the government . it may be considered in relation to the foundation on which it is to be established. to the sources from which it's sister ordinary powers ought to be drawn. to the operation of those powers. to the extent of them. and to the authority by which future changes in the government are to be introduced. we are in a campaign to make our country the best version of itself. unlike democrats who are trying to change our country into being like some other country somewhere else. we just want to make america great again. [applause] i remember just because -- just before covid, it felt like the strongest economy we ever had. the borders were secure, the wars were ending, parental rights were being defended. america was back. finally now, it is once again within reach. we have to work as hard as we possibly can to make sure we do not come up short. after eight years of congress in 20, i ran for governor in the blue state of new york. where new york is only 22% republican. but we are able to get ju

thomas jefferson, james madison, george washington, who are somewhat embarrassed by the concept of slavery and are working under the assumption that perhaps slavery will somehow go away beginning the 1830s and 1840s, though there was a new attitude towards slavery of redemption, notion of slavery by some southern office holders, arguing that slavery was a positive good, that it benefited american society and indeed that it benefited black slave as well. an extraordinary change of approach. and in the north, where abolitionism had a sort of surge in the revolutionary period and that subsided in the 1790s, 1818, 18, there there is a small sign of of abolitionist political activism which become much more prominent in the 1850s. and early side of this comes from john quincy adams, the only president to subsequently serve in congress. adams was elected to the house of representatives from a suburban district in in boston, and adams, along with a handful of other members, the best known is probably joshua giddings, who was awakened by later a republican congressman from from ohio, begin to think

james madison did five years old alexander hamilton was just 19. incredible, isn't it?re taking on the strongest military in the world and they picked up personal hunting rifles and we can do what we have to do. we can do it. the declaration of independence the muscle came together and they knew the risk they took it on anyway graded give us the greatest gift keep it and now it's time. we all in. years ago i had a lady walked up to me she said my name is sherry and she said you don't know me but i own an apparel store. why do you only so pearls? said because they are the only pressers jim a living creature. all are created different ways but also the only ones while living creature. in order for the pearls to be created, the or stress to go through something hard, something that causes it pain is uncomfortable and challenging but it takes that hard challenging thing and turns it into something beautiful and precious. since that day, i've always worn pearls, some pearl to remind me. there can be challenges, we've seen a few attacks and they just keep coming and they are