you know, even though james madison wasn't in his cabinet, he often solicited advice from james madison as well because i think washington saw it as whatever decisions he was making, it needed to be grounded in something. it needed to be informed by something. and and this is how he approaches executive orders legislation, vetoes. and this is where we start to see the formation, the early rumblings of what we today would call the presidential cabinet. did in view george washington, have an eye on precedent and the future. always. in fact, after the war, there's a letter where washington notes that he says he only has but one building left to build that mount vernon, one that will house his military and civilian papers. so i think it's just fascinating that even washington i think realizing his his role in creating the united states, his role in leading the continental army to independence, he knows that assuming our constitutional government survives, that he is going to be a part of that story and likely a big part. and so the fact that he's even thinking about what to do with all of h

james madison by mail. madison in new york. the house of representative davis was still debating codfish and molasses when on the afternoon. of april 22nd, congress learned that george washington had reached the jersey shore. washington left mount vernon, accompanied by his aide, david humphreys, his secretary, tobias lear. his enslaved manservant, billy lee, and the hopeful charles thompson. hoo hoo. a man who might have headed an executive department but didn't. they crossed the potomac at georgetown, headed north toward baltimore, across the rolling hills that some potomac valley promoters. washington among them hoped might become the site of the nation's permanent capitol. he had hoped to travel in as quiet and peaceable manner as possible to conserve his energy. but that was not to be. the entire route was as warm with cheering, shouting, flag waving, well-wishers throwing flowers at him, holding up their babies and demanding speeches. towns that had cannon fired them. veterans marched alongside him for miles. men wept. ba

lauren: let's go with my namesake, james madison. stuart: i was going to do that, james madison.uincy adams. this is an estimate based on a study by the university of california. adams had an estimated score of 175. he studied around the world and was fluent in seven languages. programming note, scott bessent, this afternoon at 4:00 my time is up, big-money show starts now

you know, our constitutional system is premised on the idea that, quote, james madison one more time,t be made to counteract the ambition that each of the branches should be pushing up against each other, even when they're controlled by folks who largely agree with each other. we have an ambitious president. we have an ambitious judiciary. we have a congress that is doing almost nothing to assert its institutional prerogative. and i think that's a big part not just of where we are today, but why in recent years, so many of our national policy fights have turned into fights between the executive branch and the courts. it's not sustainable in the long term, and i think we're starting to see a lot of evidence as to why. geoff: how do you answer the question that some republicans ask, which is, well, you know, isn't this what joe biden did when he tried to waive student debt? the supreme court said you can't do that and he tried to find a path forward regardless. >> yeah, i mean, so i think, again, we ought to be careful to be nuanced here. so president biden, after he lost on the heroes

no problem, james madison wrote the virginia declaration or virginia resolution, and it was more moderate than jefferson's draft and their their friends shared it with jefferson and jefferson inserted a clause that said that the states could declare laws to be null and void. they didn't tell madison that they had inserted this clause and then send it to the virginia legislature to pass. it was very contentious and the language leaked and made its way north and the federalists howled that basically the southerners were trying to start a civil war, were trying to secede. when madison learned of this clause, he asked that it be removed. and so the final version does not include the words null and void. however, the language was now in the political lexicon, and so several years later, when the federalists are talking about maybe seceding during the war of 1812 and many decades later, when southerners start to talk about secession, they're using this language that was first introduced by jefferson into the political dialog and i know this is a book about john adams, but one of the best quotes

that's james madison's brilliant contribution to the constitution, where he said, look, we want to make sure that no one of these three branches the president, congress, the courts, no one has more power, too much power than the others. and so we check and balance. and with that, there's the fear here that if the president can go ahead and do this fire person, you know, even though he's entitled to stay there according to the law, what else can he do? what other kinds of things can he do to take more powers from congress and therefore become the most important of those three people? we're still waiting for the supreme court to hear if they're going to even take up the case. but if it ends up siding with the president, what could that mean? it could mean adding to the president's power. remember, they had that great big case last year about immunity, saying that the president basically can't be charged with any crime as long as he's in office. now, you add to that the fact that he can go ahead and hire and fire anybody he wants, regardless of whether congress puts that person in, has any

i've had on noah feldman, who joined me to talk about james madison. noah wrote, you know, probably the definitive contemporary biography of james madison i had on h.w. brands, bill brands, talk about fdr alexis coe to talk about washington, sean to talk about lincoln, joseph ellis to talk about john adams. i mark up to grow, to talk about george h.w. bush and probably my favorite two episodes taken together, kind of back to back were episodes about ford and nixon. and for ford i talked to richard norton smith and for nixon i talked to rick perlstein and the reason i liked those two episodes so much, back to back as they talked about the same material, they talked a lot about the pardon, ford's pardon nixon, but they talked about the about the same incident from a very different perspectives. delve into that more and that defining moment for those two men. yeah mean it was certainly the defining moment of ford presidency the pardon itself and obviously dealt with the defining moment of the nixon presidency and. you know what's so interesting about the

just, you know, i see a james madison going up to secure a one know when sent them. suppose up to 12 or even i'm are in the united states, languishing down in 50 las the funds are getting a closer look at the fee for club woke up trophy. this piece of silver way is in colorado on a well. so i lastly will plan the opening much. is it? so i'm going to in the usa in june little message into miami, their opponents pulled. so i'm palmetto as the other 2 teams in that group. i want to shave in the atmosphere is expected to be electric. especially with the strong presence of our fan base in the united states. we have a large community, they, i'm confident they will come out in full force to support us. it's sure to be an exceptional and memorable match. you know and take president thomas back has told l g 0 that the games should not follow. the example being set by the football world cup must remain a one country event by police. a breaking that tradition would damage what the lympics done for the germans main insurance of feeling pics to move and a decade, but will be stepping down from th

james madison. instead of securing a warning, they'll win since then, suppose 12 even hundreds united same down in fifty's now as an 8 less in the last 12 lead. last the funds getting a closer look at the fee for the club will cup trophy, the piece of silver. what is in colorado as part of a well, sol, alas, they will plan, you know, pretty much the tournaments in the us side is june little message in so miami will be their opponents, pulitzer, on palmera, the other 2 teams in that group. i don't want to jason, the atmosphere is expected to be electric, especially with the strong presence of our fan base in the united states. we have a large community. they, i'm confident they will come out in full force to support us. it's sure to be an exceptional and memorable match. olympic president, thomas bacchus, told allergies there that the games should not follow. the example being set by the football woke up and must remain a one country events. he believes that breaking out tradition would damage what d

we uh you go through indecision, tottenham, if hate, small misery on manchester, united early james madison go, was enough to secure a one the wins bus or up to 12. we've been amaran's united team. they languishing down and 15 is already then nights last citizenship jobs and event doesn't comple to use uh, with the winter it was corner was important guide for us important wake forest. um yeah we, we made it to sorta put it up before side to get us the result for we did that. so i think i think um, the bigger difference was the goal. that score we did the score. we had the chances we tried to a different approach, we looked at the places that we have. we had to change during the week and i'm really pleased with the, with the effort of in the, the way the, the challenge to talk to them. i x hit top spot in the dot slay baby, hurricane phone, else to kill the 7th straight victory. i act so now 2 points to the 2nd in the table p s b and haven p a c. during street. i run it just one when 6 league game and so on. the zillow fonseca has become the youngest south american to wind on the atp tool. t

dolley and james madison's reputations in the immediate aftermath of the burning cannot be saved.e hated after the after the house was burned. that was part of one of the byproducts. they were considered terrible cowards for running. but with andrew jackson symbolic over the british at new orleans january 1815, the war comes to a close on a triumphant for the country and helps restore part of the madison's public reputation. the white house was rebuilt in triumph. i mean, it was rebuilt, madison said. we will be rebuilt. the capital will. they will be rebuilt, as they were in a ground floor service. well, you can still see the original marks left from the inferno as james madison would have looked at these charred stones, the archway, the house was rising again just as george washington it but with construction taking over two years to complete, james and dolley madison will never here again. it is time for a new president and his wife to make their marks on the home. they some of the oldest remaining items that been in continuous use here, and they were brought to the white house

bachelor's degree from university of wyoming and a masters in american history and government, this james madison fellow specializes in teaching our constitution. she empowers students to make meaningful contributions to their communities and her innovative approach provides every student the technological skills grounded in wyoming's culture. thank you, morgan. could you rise? [applause] >> let me introduce you to another remarkable individual leading the way, elise newton. she's a senior at cheyenne central high school, a congressional award gold medalist and stem star recipient. she shared with me her perspective as a senior on her education today. she explained that she felt shut a well-rounded education in high school but there was something she thought could be better. she said, and i quote, i think we should have a class that teaches you financial literacy, how to get a job, and how to get a loan but not get taken, how to cook and so on. you know the stuff you need after high school. what a concept. i got to tell you, music to my ears. elise took initiative to develop a senior survival cur

and then john quincy adams, who was the secretary of state under james madison. sorry, under james monroe. so you have really four major competitors for the presidency in 1824, as you pointed out, jackson wins the most electoral votes. he wins most popular votes. he actually wins the most states as well. but it as as we all know, popular votes don't matter. and the way that you become president is through majority of electoral votes. and so jackson's 99 electoral votes aren't a majority. so the 12th amendment of the constitution stipulates that in those kinds of instances, top three electoral vote getters have their names submitted to the house of representatives. but then conducts its own special election, where each state, regardless of representation, whether have one representative or where, doesn't they that has one vote and whoever wins the majority of that vote by state becomes president. so jackson, adams. and then the third place vote getter, william crawford, have their names submitted to the house. well, there are a couple of interesting wrinkles here.

james madison. they're young, james monroe, 18 years old.g about to go to wars in foreign countries but democrats are calling them musk little boys and in regard to the fact they're super talented and in fact, one won an $50,000 designing awith regard for a program that decoded ancient scroll from pompeo pay. take a look at this. >> this is the world that i found, it's right here. it's word proferenca and translates to purple. it was the first word by the greek scholars and word purple and glad it's not the word in or than or the. we found a word with meaning. charles: joining me now is the federalist election correspondent breanna lyman. kennedy. there's a loyal opposition and has to be upset about something. they're upset that they're brilliant. i mean, these are the folks that are -- >> they're jealous is what they are. charles: jealous? >> yeah, because they're brilliant and know exponentially more than ai and coding and than those women ever will at their young age. i don't have a problem with people with an enormous amount of genius co

and then john quincy adams, who was the secretary of state under james madison. sorry, under james monroe. so you have really four major competitors for the presidency in 1824, as you pointed out, jackson wins the most electoral votes. he wins most popular votes. he actually wins the most states as well. but it as as we all know, popular votes don't matter. and e way that you become president is through majority of electoral votes. and so jackson's 99 electoral votes aren't a majority. so the 12th amendment of the constitution stipulates that in those kinds of instances, top three electoral vote getters have their names submitted to the house of representatives. but then conducts its own special election, where each state, regardless of representation, whether have one representative or where, doesn't they that has one vote and whoever wins the majority of that vote by state becomes president. so jackson, adams. and then the third place vote getter, william crawford, have their names submitted to the house. well, there are a couple of interesting wrinkles here. on

this is a constitution that was designed to last by james madison. it's done so.t's gone through periods able to reduce other countries to a fine pumice and it has survived. we are not in a constitutional crisis. has president trump taken steps i've disagreed with? shirt, and i have criticized them when that's happened, but this is a president who come in my view, is acting well within his article 2 authority. >> jonathan turley, thank you so much. never disappoints. as we continue to look alive at washington, protests continue there, as people take the day off, federal workers, to protest what they are seeing come out of this administration. >> what is it that they are protesting? that's the question. >> i think that's a really important question. i think pulling up the actual action network.org posting, we have anti-doge protests. to be clear, they are calling on activists across the country to join. they say they are there to resist project 2025 and fight for human rights, equality, and justice. they are saying now is the time to take action. in the posting, i

which, as you know, was when james madison lost the historic supreme court case to...bury ran him out of the building, and established our foundational separation of powers. >> vice president j.d. vance, he had some interesting words about the separation of power in government. >> jon: he's for it? >> if a judge tried to tell a general how to conduct a military operation, that would be illegal. if a judge tried to command the attorney general in how to use her discretion as a prosecutor, that's also illegal. judges aren't allowed to control the executive's legitimate power. >> jon: ah! of course they're allowed to adjudicate the boundaries of that power! that is the whole [bleep] point of the judiciary! to interpret whether it is legitimate! you went to law school, [bleep]! [applause] the only alternative is that the executive determines for himself what is constitutional, at which point, there would be no guardrails against... oh. hey, congress? hey, buddy! we got a little separation of powers problem. i was wondering, any chance you might be reasserting your authorit

even james madison changed his mind about 17 times between when he wrote the constitution and when he's hard to generalize. i do think the founders would be very worried about just how much the tension that i think they thought they were creating among the branches has broken down. the idea is that we want a zealous executive. we want a zealous congress. we want a zealous courts because if they push each other, that's how we'll find the limits. that's how we'll ensure there's healthy checks and balances. but i think we can no longer dispute that congress, which is supposed to be providing rigorous oversight of the exec executive branch, which is supposed to be reining in abuses has neither stopped doing that. >> neither elon musk or d.o.g.e. responded to our request for interview. it was musk who called usaid employees worms. in a post, he gloated about feeding the agency into a world chipper. the world's richest man had cut off assistance to the world's poorest families. musk spent nearly $250 million to get trump and other republicans elected. he collects billions in taxpayer dollar

a theatrical troupe from norfolk boats providing a cannon salute and a moving oration from james madison. what what they do not reveal is any significant attendance on the national level. these are almost all virginian who are coming to jamestown but still going to give it the title of grand national jubilee. the churchyard features prominently in these reports romanticized as a place where the patriotic spirits of the day could commune the dust of their glorious forebears, learning to imitate their virtues and carry on. the experiment in government begun in 1619, this sort language is characteristic of the broader propaganda of this period, but it served a still more urgent purpose. it concerned jamestown. americans were seeking their own origin myths desperate as seeking, you might say, so much so that when english woman and novelist francis trollop made tour of the fledgling nation in 1828, she recounted the following it'll be to yeah once in ohio and once in the district of columbia. i had an atlas displayed before me that i might be convinced by the evidence of my own eyes. what a v

>> one day our children's children will read american history, and you imagine if our reading james madisonernment so they could stay in power in. charles: did they try to overthrow -- [laughter] okay. met me bring in the panel, "big money" cohost taylor riggs, national review staff writer caroline downey. golly, you know, the founding fathers, that was the biggest government overthrow in our history, right? king george. you've got to -- i guess it's one thing to misquote history if you're trying to make an observation, but when you're trying to put someone in their place, you better know what you're talking about, caroline. >> you've got to be super accurate. and if a lot of these pundits have a cursory, superficial if understanding of history. and, by the way, the founding fathers didn't know everything, but they were very clairvoyant r. charles: charles they were amazing. it's remarkable that they, i mean, you know, they were is so prescient. >> of course. we didn't have a constitution in the world before the usa created what we had. now, thin so innovative -- they were to to innote -- i

and then to the right is james madison. so three of virginia sons are on this, but also the first four sohisocument believed to be the only to contain the first four presignatures on it. they all were in at the declaration and they all worked at the constitution. now, the most remarkable part of this document story is there was only rediscovered. in 1979 when a high school intern was going through an old vault, the philosophical society. he found a scroll roll rolled up with a red ribbon on it, realized, well, this is probably above my pay grade to open this and decided to take it to the librarian's office who unfurled it and realized they had a national treasure on his hands. now i often got asked, you know. so. so what happens? they raised all this money. what happened? this expedition. i've never heard of andre michaux or this expedition. and i'd usually summarize it by what we wrote on our own. what the apes wrote on their website. ultimately, the expedition was called off due to diplomatic difficulties with france, whi

federalist 47, james madison said the definition of tyranny is the combination of the executive, thebranches into one power. that is the administrative state. that is the fourth branch of government that that a we've tried to cur trail for years through -- curtail for years and no one's made a dent. elon musk is that innovative mind who can try and do it. i think he's making some headway. there's going to, i think, rogue actors a that try to make trouble with trump. there's all this spending we don't know where it's been. elon musk is applying his private sector experience at twitter. he slashed 80% of the work force that wasn't holding their weight. he's doing the exam exact same thing -- march a march get ready. >> yes. larry: there's no wedge, they went out of their way last night. no wedge between them. >> no. that authenticity is palpable. i think that's also a distinction that unlike the last administration which tried to craft or manufacture a relationship between president biden and vice president harris, we all a, a, saw through that and, b, realized that we were being -- th

james madison wrote in one of the federalist papers that the accumulation of all power is legislative and judicial, may be pronounced the definition of tyranny. there is a reason why these statutes are important constraints. there is a reason why we depend upon the courts to enforce these statutes. just because elon musk has this sway within the executive branch, does not change legal analysis about whether the executive branch can trample on these congressional powers. geoff: the system was never set up to have the courts be the only check on the executive. yet that is the situation in which we find ourselves. democrats are power and republicans are giving broad consent to donald trump. what are the applications? stephen: they go well beyond our current moment. our constitutional system is premised on the idea that ambition must be made to counteract ambition. each of the branches should be pushing up against each other, even when they are controlled by folks who agree with each other. we have an ambitious president. we have an ambitious judiciary. we have a congress that is doing al

james madison said that ambition will be made to counteract the ambition. now, we're seeing a remarkably ambitious president. we are seeing a congress that shows no interest in asserting its institutional prerogatives. and that leaves the courts. and, you know, the courts, i think, have thus far been quite a speed bump, if not a roadblock to president trump's efforts. but they can't do it alone. i mean, the courts really do depend upon support from all of us, from congress. and historically, that's been why presidents have abided by court rulings that they didn't like, court rulings that they abhorred in richard nixon's case. right. a supreme court decision that basically doomed his presidency. nixon still complied because we understood in this country that the separation of powers depends upon the branches talking to each other, policing each other, cooperating with each other, and not one branch being above the others. that's the dangerous road we seem to be heading down. >> yeah. and then, of course, that is the ultimate question in this current scenario

and james madison, one of our founders, was the principal author of the first amendment.it, he talked about the need for freely examining public characters and measures. and i emphasize the word examining. examining means that we are not stenographers, that we have to go beyond that. we need to look behind the curtain and beneath the surface, and we need to hold the powerful to account. that is exactly why the founders of this country wanted to have an independent press. it is, in my view, the original assignment that was given to the press in this country. and i think that remains our assignment today, and we need to continue doing that job. we need to report. we need to dig. we need to find out what is happening in government. we need to know what powerful individuals and powerful institutions are doing. and we need to tell the public as straightforwardly and as directly and as frankly as we possibly can, what we've learned to be true. >> marty, i am so glad you joined us tonight. i really appreciate it. >> thanks very much for having me. >> that's from lehigh universit