and that is james wilson of pennsylvania. see james wilson, age 45, born in scotland, lawyer and politician. would go on to serve on the supreme court. james wilson's central contribution to the constitutional convention was his theory of popular sovereignty. remember the preamble to the constitution. "we the people of the united states in order to form a more perfect union." the original draft said "we the people of new york, virginia new jersey." it listed the states individual -- the states individually because there were those at the convention, who following the model of the articles of confederation, had thought that we the people of each state worse off or had sovereign authority. that has huge consequences because if the people of each state are sovereign, it would have taken unanimous approval to ratify the constitution, which after all, violated the rules of approval of the articles of confederation which did require unanimity. and nothing could get done. also, if we the people of each state were sovereign, then any

james wilson from sylvania. a scott's immigrant who also served on the first supreme court. died bankrupt of a heart attack in a north carolina jail. came to a bad end. madison comes around to wilson's position. if you have a genuinely popular election -- you get rid of the electoral college, the states, just have one big constituency -- if you have that kind of election and regional terms, the south would be a big loser. why? because the south -- slaves have no recognition. bam, slaves are actually a major part of the seven population. if only citizens vote, the south is the loser. it makes the virginia dynasty kind of hard to imagine. the second problem is the federal problem. this goes back to the democracy point. it wasn't that the framers feared democracy. it is not that they were whipped into some kind of frenzy to see the next guy come by on a white horse or palomino or something. they would say the truly national character. washington is a no-brainer. but do they -- maybe it would be on a regional basis. without having some mode of ongoing elections. it was pretty pr

all of the framers except for james wilson think that this is not a good idea, and their basic argument is a, it will comprise the judicial role to involve judges in making policy decisions. you want to draw a line very sharply between technical interpretation of policy decisions. part-time project is to determine constitutionality is when you have actual case of controversy instead of imagining something -- the rock facility controversy involved other than work it out. on that basis the idea -- is the source of just review does not make sense, the idea is a no idea and the framers were aware of this idea. the real application of judicial review as the framers saw would not be against congress, it would be against the state. that is what should -- these pharmacy clause -- that is the supremacy clause. it is later laxity against states judicial review first and foremost was the ulcerative to medicines idea. to write a legal remedy -- a legal remedy -- the idea that is -- that is a big misconception, we'll talk about that, the two similar cases. x a lot -- thanks a lot. federalist anti-fe

james wilson from sylvania. a scotts immigrant who also served on the first supreme court. died bankrupt of a heart attack in a north carolina jail. in 1795 or so. came to a bad end. wilson was a big advocate of popular election. madison, although skeptical, comes around to wilson's position. if you have a genuinely popular election -- you get rid of the electoral college, the states, just have one big constituency , let's call it the united states of america -- if you have that kind of election and regional terms, the south would be a big loser. why? because in the south, only citizens can vote. slaves have no recognition. 40% to 60%, depending on your county, slaves are a major part of the southern population and will only increase in time. if only citizens vote, the south is the loser. there is a big regional problem. it makes the virginia dynasty kind of hard to imagine. the second problem is the federal problem. this goes back to the democracy point. it wasn't that the framers feared democracy. it was not that the framers worried that the american voters would be whipp

is it possible there was division about -- james wilson was the champion for national sovereignty, but did madison have a different vision? did it take the civil war to settle that? >> federalism is one of the big issues of american history. this book is all about federalism. ours is a vast and diverse republic. and there are genuinely close questions. it just turns up happily for us and for lincoln's memory that secession is not one of those close questions. james madison never ever ever wavered on secession. a letter he wrote to the new york ratifying convention while the eyes of the world were on new york. let me set the stage. ten states who said yes. it will go into effect. july 88. ten states have said yes. new york is not. but it did the day is 30 to 27. of one vote switched it would change the outcome. it would be 2928, and the presiding officer not a time breaking but a time making note to make it toward in nine to 29. they goes through by one vote. hamilton does not know if he hasn't looked at. so they come up and say here's the deal we propose. we say yes on the condition th

james wilson argues for the national sovereignty that did madison take lincoln to perfect in the civil war to settle the question. >> federalism is one of the big issues of american history and this book tries to take state seriously read them seriously. it argues it is a vast and diverse republican things to look different in california than they look in kansas or kentucky. and they are genuinely close questions in american federalism. it just turns out happily for a confirming kim's memory that secession is that one of those close questions. james madison never, ever wavered on secession. he always thought it was unconstitutional. here is a letter that he wrote to the new york ratifying convention while the eyes of the world were on new york. let me set the stage. 10 states have said yes. it will go into effect in july 1788. 10 states have said yes that new york hasn't. we don't know which way it's going to go. at the end of the day of 32 mack 27. strictly speaking that would change the outcome because it would be 29-28 and the presiding officer is supposed to the constitution will h

it refers to an observation made in the early 80's by a criminologist and james wilson a social scientists that when a building's windows are open and unrepaired the rest of the windows will soon broken as well. an unrepaired window is a symbol that no one cares so breaking or windows costs nothing. they found in environments where disorderly behavior goes unchecked, or prostitutes visibly ply their trade against passersby, more serious crime flourishes. the theory is supported by a number of randomized experiments. researchers at the university in the netherlands found people were twice as likely to steal an envelope filled with money if it was sticking out of a mailbox covered in graffiti. what this means is when police keep streets order line -- orderly and punish small crimes, people will behave in orderly ways. alice is up next in st. petersburg, florida. on the line for those who think it is effective. caller: it is effective but at what cost? at the cost of civil rights of my fellow citizens. this sunday's st. petersburg tribune had an interview of the outgoing chief of police in ta

that comment you quoted of james q. wilson, even a so the obviously gist could believe it is indicative of something really important about the state of our political/intellectual lives in this country. facts don't govern, narratives govern. this is about the story we tell, the conflict over control of the narrative has taken precedence over an if you will evidence based, rational implementation of policy. when you throw race into the mix, it just gets tough. i can give many examples not only about family and family structure, of course moynihan was write. he was right in 1965 about the condition of the african-american family and how it was changing right about the implication that ron haskins mentioned to the effect that the consequence of this social transformation amongst african-americans would make embrace of newly opened opportunities more difficult. he was right to the extent he insinuated that this was a matter not only of the african-american social landscape but a matter of importance to the nation as a whole. of co

that comment you quoted of james q. wilson, even a so the a social altgist could believe it.is indicatative of something really important about the state of our political intellectual lives in this country. facts don't govern, narratives govern. this is about the story we tell, the conflict over control of the narrative has taken precedence over an if you will evidence based, rational implementation of policy. when you throw race into the mix, it just gets tough. i can give many examples not only about the debate of flal and family structure. of course he was right. he was right in 1965 about the condition of the african-american family and how it was changing, right about the implication that ron haskins mentioned to the effect that the consequence of this social transformation amongst african-americans would make our embrace of the newly opened opportunities more difficult. he was right to the extent he insinuated that this was a matter not only of the african-american social landscape but a matter of importance to the nation as a whole. of course he was right about that. t

decades to see these trends and to develop enough research that i am going to be quoting the late james wilson even soes ee -- sociologists had to believe it. there was a sense among family researchers, yes, there was a problem here, a genuine problem but although the conversation has been somewhat improved it is still in many ways very reminiscent of that early debate that we had between moynihan and his critics. i am hoping that the panel today, i am nothing the panel today, our excellent panel will have interesting ways of thinking about that debate and hopefully have some solutions to this problem that continues to be so much part of our american discussion today. so i'm going to begin with ron haskins who will layout some of the numbers for you on where we're at. >> thank you. i'm a great admire remember of the moynihan report read it back in 1965. i was young then, just learning to read. i read the thing, was astounded by it, and i was way more astounded by the reaction to it which was shocking as kay has said. so my job is to just layout some numbers about what our situation

one thing in particular i learned is that james graham wilson has a sense of humor.[laughter] i thought when he was sending me e-mails signed comrade wilson, that he just spent too much time in the archive, it was a joke. we will have a question-and-answer session of roughly 20 minutes thanks to all seven of our panelists for keeping to their allotted time. we are just ahead of schedule, so we will make good on our promise to get you out of here. we have called through the audience questions and the first is from jeff palmer from sarasota florida. he asks and this is for any or all of the panelists, what lessons can we draw from reagan cost strategy against the soviets? how can they apply to a grand strategy to deal with islam and russian expansion is? -- russian expansion? >> one of the reagan approaches to policy that has not been fully absorbed is the way in which he integrated the use of military strength and diplomacy. we often separate those two. for example, we approach problems by wanting to focus on diplomacy as we are doing arguably with the case of iran. t

harry truman placed on the wall of the cabinet room the portrait of thomas jefferson james madison and woodrow wilson. after his retirement from the presidency in 1953, truman remarked to a reporter, thomas jefferson is my favorite character in history. when eisenhower became president, he put up william howard taft and george washington replacing truman's jefferson and madison. president kennedy succeeded president eisenhower, removing taft and putting thomas jefferson and andrew jackson facing one another. skip ahead a little bit. ronald reagan, about whom you will hear more, put thomas jefferson and calvin coolidge side-by-side. strange bed fellows. you know you're in miami when you hear oo. george h.w. bush had champ that jefferson, abraham lincoln theodore roosevelt and ike. william jefferson clinton thomas jefferson, abraham lincoln, and george washington. he took down ike. george w. bush returned to ike and may not be the worst thing he did as president about removed abraham lincoln's picture from the wall. our current president, president obama, has put up harry hard harry truman, george wash

harry truman placed on the wall of the cabinet room for portraits of thomas jefferson, james madison and woodrow wilson. after his retirement from the presidency in 1953 truman remarked to a reporter, thomas jefferson is my favorite character in history. when eisenhower became president, he put up william howard taft and george washington replacing truman jefferson madison. president kennedy succeeded president eisenhower removing task in putting thomas jefferson and andrew jackson facing one another. skipping ahead a little bit. ronald reagan, whom you will hear more but thomas jefferson and calvin coolidge side-by-side. strange fellow. you know you are in my enemy when you hear always day. george herbert walker bush had thomas jefferson, abraham lincoln, theodore roosevelt and eight. william jefferson clinton, thomas jefferson, abraham lincoln and george washington. he took down train six. george w. bush returned ike and may not be the worst thing you did as president, but he removed abraham lincoln's picture from the wall. our current president, president obama has put up harry truman, george washin

wilson center. ambassador, do you agree with james jeffrey there that this is a serious setback for the iraqi government? >> trying to play this down is wrong. of course it's politically embarrassing for some people what has happened. but this is very significant. a lot of people will have lost their lives and will lose their lives before this is finished. katty: so how do you account for the anti-gun spokesman here in washington saying that ramadi is of no great strategic significance, and the state department spokesperson saying the overall trend against isis -- >> i would suggest to go in talk to the people of ramadi. i think they would take a different view. this is a disaster for the people of ramadi and for iraq. one has to ask the question, what about all these airstrike? these islam in -- the islamic state has moved in with significant malicious to the city. it's a surprise which happened overnight. katty: we keep hearing from the administration here in washington that the airstrikes of heads at esses and they have put islamic state on the defense. what we've seen with islamic state looks a litt

emerging as a national figure, he served president wilson as assistant secretary of navy. in 1920 as running mate of ohio's jamesdr at the age of 38 was the youngest vice presidential candidate in history. married on st. patrick's day to anna roosevelt niece of the teddy, fdr founded the hudson river dutch fore bears and it was the roosevelt retreat vacation cottage that fdr sailed with friends and family after the strenuous campaign for the vice president, and here it was strucken with the polio paralyzing his leg, but never his life. called in 1928 to the state capitol in albany he was elected governor of new york. with al smith, his old friend the happy warrior at his side, he threw himself into the fight for better government, became the champion of the common man, was widely loved democrat and presidency of the united states, and be james a. barley swinging the gavel a new president. called to chicago to accept the nomination, president roosevelt flew his son and wife. this was the beginning of an era unparallel in american history. ♪ ♪ fdr's appearance was the beginning of a series of triumphs, and swept i

emerging as a national figure, he served president wilson as assistant secretary of navy. in 1920 as running mate of ohio's jamese age of 38 was the youngest vice presidential candidate in history. married on st. patrick's day to anna roosevelt niece of the teddy, fdr founded the hudson river dutch fore bears and it was the roosevelt retreat vacation cottage that fdr sailed with friends and family after the strenuous campaign for the vice president, and here it was strucken with the polio paralyzing his leg, but never his life. called in 1928 to the state capitol in albany he was elected governor of new york. with al smith, his old friend the happy warrior at his side, he threw himself into the fight for better government, became the champion of the common man, was widely loved democrat and presidency of the united states, and be james a. barley swinging the gavel a new president. called to chicago to accept the nomination, president roosevelt flew his son and wife. this was the beginning of an era unparallel in american history. ♪ ♪ fdr's appearance was the beginning of a series of triumphs, and swept into offi

king james down. 1.5 seconds left, tied at 84- 84, lebron from the inbounds pass launches from the corner. series is now tied. the nationals and the braves this afternoon, game tied at 4-4. wilson ramos down the line, nick markakis cannot get there. ramos gets caught in the rundown, but the damage is already done. nats win 5-4. and the caps are 3-5 in game sevens during the alex ovechkin era. by the way, happy mother's day. kellye: i had been waiting all day. robert: it's not your day even though it's mother's day. kellye: it's a winning day nonetheless. appreciate it, robert. a new look at flooding in texas. (music) hey! let me help with that. oh, thank you! (music) introducing the one-and-only volkswagen golf sporagen. the sportier utility vehicle. tt0w!tÑ!hn! %4@-w7< tt0w!tÑ!hn! el@-]0p tt0w!tÑ!hn! ed@-[24 tt0w!tÑ!hn% )8h-;lh tt0w!tÑ!hn% kzh- tt0w!tÑ!hn% n-h-sj8 tttt0w!tÑ!hn% 0p0ph-m- tt0w!tÑ!hn% h-]ó@ tt0w!tÑ!hn% ueh-í=0 tt0w!tÑ!hn% 7hh-b?d kellye: just coming in, a surre al scene from texas. floodwaters ripping three theme park. the whole area was under a tornado watch. this was taken earlier today. the flash flood watch for almost all of northern texas continues throug

jane harman leading expert on intelligence heads the woodrow wilson international center for scholars. also retired lieutenant colonel jamese cnn cnn security analyst, former cia operative. peter, let me start with you. "the washington post" quoting from some of the documents released today saying that he seems to have been exhausted when he spent six years in that compound. he wrote this. i have been living for years in the company of some of the brothers from the area and they are getting exhausted security-wise from me staying with them and what results from that. i think that i have to leave them. so before he was killed, just before he was killed he was thinking about leaving that compound? >> well you know that's very much new. he'd been there as you said for six years. there were two people with him who were from the area. people that were long-time members of al qaeda. this letter demonstrates that they were under considerable strain. the context of this letter by the way is bringing his family from iran into pakistan. and he was sort of saying, the people around me don't necessarily want to bring my family in beca

james: 2 gonna and are shot and killed outside of the building were cartoon contest were being held depicting the spot of mohammed. we have pictures of what it looks like inside the courtesy call wilson said and garland tx this was sunday afternoon to men drove up to the center started shooting at a security guard. officer started back killing both gunmen there was a concern the bomb squad was called in to the scene to search their vehicle they're not sure if the shooter was related to the court to contest but we will still top of the story and bring you any new information as it comes into our news from was head over to the what attracted center. >>michelle apon: we are off to a cool store across much of the bay area low clouds and drizzle and maybe even some pettifog across the east bay where keep that the patchy fog in temperatures into the early fifties. not very warm like last week. a new location will continue in the mid '70s. where talking about a breezy afternoon not as you get through your day you will deal with some low clouds across sfo. will i break to some sunshine would possibly fog will be back in parts of the coast. >>michelle apon: the same for the north bay areas ac

james blaine who ran against grover cleveland. grover cleveland turned out to be the only democrat elected between abraham lincoln in 1860 and woodrow wilson in 1912. cleveland was elected twice, but the only democrat elected president. arthur moves back to new york where he is diagnosed suffering from brights disease an excruciatingly painful kidney disease, fatal at the time, and dies at the age of 56. conkling then goes and gives a speech at a funeral or ration at chester arthur's funeral and refers to him as his accidents he -- his accidency. conkling ghosted his girlfriends house in new york and falls and dies. our famous physician hopes this case were tremendously thrust him into the leadership of the medical profession in america. obviously, the exact opposite happened. the entire medical community in the united states turned on him. within months after guard fields death, the surgical journal printed an article criticizing bliss or not doing too little, but for doing too much. bliss has done more to cast mistrust upon american surgery than in any medical history. a medical journal concluded that none of the injuries inflicted by th