joining us live from the historic jamestown settlement, bill kelceo, the director of the jamestown rediscovery project, and senior curator blystaube. thank you to both of us for joining us on this beautiful saturday afternoon. we'd like to invite our viewers to be part of the conversation, obviously. here are the numbers to use. if you're in the eastern of central time zone, 202-737-0001. for viewers in mountain pacific zones, 202-737-0002. you can also participate by fwiter. our handle is@cspan history. we'll hear from bill and byi. i understand, bly, you have something with you that was discovered on the project today. can you show it to us and tell us what it is? >> yes. wonderful things show up all the time. today the archaeologist uncovered this wonderful medallion from a german stoneware bottle. made in germany near cologne. it's unique. we don't have one like it so i'll have to do research to figure out who it is depicting. it would have bottle that contained beer or wine. >> you had mentioned in the hour long preview, the documentary we just saw, that you had to learn how to read the a

it's called "jamestown narratives." and it collected most of the original eyewitness accounts of the first 13 to 20 to 15 years, these things that were written about jamestown. the most important things, of course, i think really is the park and partially a national park because the first representative assembly met here and the virginia assembly is still meeting since 1619 and also the first africans came to this country in 1619, same date. so our diversity that we have, you know, begins here. and, wow, you know, speak to other important things. >> yes. well, i think some of the most important discoveries have come up through the archaeology. and you can get some of that information from our website, the historic jamestown website. we try to put videos of our recent findings and interpretation of the artifacts. a real important thing to get across to children is that we didn't start with a bunch of lazy gentlemen who would rather bowl in the streets than work to sustain the colony. we have found a very completely pictu

at jamestown we don't. they settled northern -- the northern part of virginia, on the rappahannock and the potomac, in the 18th century, where there was vacant land. >> we have another caller in california. this is ronnie, go ahead. >> caller: thank you for taking my call. dr. kelso, when did cremation start in the united states and should it be banned? >> your question was about cremation, sir? >> i don't know when -- i don't know. >> should it be banned? >> well, as an archaeologist people get cheated in the future by not being able to study skeletal remains. they really do. i don't know about banning, but making sure that some people get buried traditionally. >> with lots of rapiers, right? >> yes. >> we were fortunate to have a tour group with you as you led our cameras through the settlement there, and we got to go into the lab there. how often do you both personally get to take students or groups through the site? >> it seems continually. every day that's some kind of a tour that crops up if i'm out h

we call our project jamestown rediscovery. so we're the jamestown rediscovery project of preservation, virginia. we do not get federal support and we do not get state support for our work. so we're highly reliant on donations, visitors coming because we get half of the gate receipts from visitors coming through. and grants. that's how we survive. and it's hard in these times. this site is incredibly rich. it's just amazing. and we've been walking over the material all these years, you know, it's been under our feet when everyone was saying the fort was out in the river. it's just astounding that there's so much material. and i thought about why. for one thing, there was so much death in the early years and sickness and i think a lot of things just got thrown away because they didn't blochk to people anymore. they sort of were objects, possession without a possessor, and people just didn't have the strength or will power to do much of anything. we found a lot of lead thrown away that could have been remelted and reused, recycle

so, there's a jamestown that's a living history museum, jamestown settlement, and they interpret jamestown and they have three wonderful ships and they've reconstructed a fort and an indian village and they have a huge museum over there. that is a state-run organization, so they get state funding for that. then the island itself, the original site of jamestown, is co-managed by the national parks service and preservation virginia. so, it's an unusual private/public partnership that goes on here. the park service owns the majority of the island, 1,500 acres. preservation virginia has around 23. but their 23 acres incorporates the site of the original fort. the church, the church tower, and the last government building that was on the property. so, they've got a lot of history condensed in that 23 acres. and it's the -- it's preservation virginia, then, who are doing the archaeology that visitors will see on the site today. we call our project jamestown rediscovery. and so we're the jamestown rediscovery project of preservation virginia. we do not get federal support and we do not get state

jamestown. the whole idea was put together by a man you probably never heard of, captain bartholomew gosnold, and he was a privateer, had captured some spanish ships in the late 16th century, and therefore gave all these riches to the queen. so he was, you know, a favored guy. and so he had the idea of establishing a colony after he knew something about the fact that there had been one already tried, at roanoke island off of north carolina, which became famously known as the lost colony, and it's still lost, by the way, no one has been able to find it. find the people. that was in the 1580s. so this is 20 years later. he felt that there should be a permanent colony. and one attempt he made in 1602 you may have heard of if you're from massachusetts or the new england area, that he set up -- he tried to put in a colony on what we think now is elizabeth isles. there's a town named gosnold up there next to martha's vineyard. lasted six weeks. the indian trading didn't work out the way he thought it

it lives around jamestown. and this is a production site for these beads because they're all unfinished. we've strung these together, but they are not finished. they are all rough around the edges. if they should be finished, they end up being very tiny. they're like this. and so these are -- since they're all unfinished, then we know someone's in the process of making these. and that would be most likely the indian women, because that's part of their role is to make the material culture in their society. we have a lot of writing from the early period. the most prolific was john smith. and there is a compilation of his work called the complete works of john smith by philip barber we use quite a bit. there were other eyewitnesss, like, other eyewitness accounts, people who were here and they're writing letters back. the communications between the colony and england were really censored very strongly. i mean, the company -- virginia company did not want any negative news to get out. i mean, a little bit did. but

the national park service maintains their own collections from jamestown, and for 2007, one of the sort of legacies we decided to leave rather than another monument on the landscape was to join the collections to some extent so a new facility was built adjoining our building. we've made sort of a campus, and while the collections are kept prattly, they are in one spot. so someone coming to see a particular material type, they're doing research, it's more convenient and easier for them. they can go to both collections to do their work. hopefully, we will survive into the future. i mean we've organized the materials and we've built the structures to be permanent archives. and i would hope that 400 years in the future, you know, there is a jamestown collection that's capable of being studied and examined by scholars of the future. i look back 400 years and think, well, how many collections have survived you know? and i do worry about that, but you know, there are things like the ash molian collections that have -- so we just have to be hopefully will be really good stewards now and train u

i am the community organizer for the jamestown community center. jamestown community center actually does the after-school program in your. these are a couple of students from buena vista. we are also part of a coalition that is working on creating free muni for all use, and that is what i wanted to speak to tonight -- for all youth. last night, we were at the mta commission hearing trying to figure out this issue, and we are here today to urge mayor lee to please support the proposal. i know you have been doing a lot of work, and i want to recognize that. you and supervisor campos have had a lot of conversations about this. we are in the last push. specifically, three of the reasons that we want is one, because they are cutting the yellow school buses. the new state budget, as it is right now, is cutting 100% of transportation funds to all cities, so that will impact the ability of students to get to school. we want it to be freed for that reason. second, we are committed to making this a family-friendly city. it is a very expensive city. housing,

in a marsh like this, this is part of jamestown island. it's not a fully freshwater marsh. it has a little too much salt in it, but look at the reeds. if you're going to use reeds to make mats and mats to make houses, you're going to wind up going into the marshes, mucky though it is. so you want all sorts of things. all eco zones got used for something. the eco zone with the least use, ironically back then, was beaches. you can't get food on them. but you can put off a canoe from them if you have to, and it's usually around beaches or even little pocket beaches that you start your fence out, your hedging, to make a fish trap in the estuary. but marshes are useful. english didn't understand this. ironically in parts of england, they were and still do raise exactly that species, fragmitis cuminus. but the settlers who came over here was thinking, we can't sell these. definitely swamps, swamps were extremely useful. the english were going to call them deserts. to the indians, this is where you might find a bread basket. there are higher grounds that will have trees, including

this is jamestown island, that green looking place that is so good for mosquitos, still is. but just inland from it, you can see some lighter yellow, and that's the farmland. in fact, some of it is part of the james river flood plain and it has naturally fertile soil. wonderful for corn. the land it self is going to vary. ancient flood plains, i marked them out in this map. i still don't like the map, what i like is 3d and color, but i hand drew it so it has limititations. ignore the big black stuff, but there are big flood plains all up and down the rivers. that is where you're likely to find the corn growing soil and also the flatter soil that you want if you're going to have a soil, less like leto erode. indian could be picky. the women had apparently have very definite ideas about what would make a good corn crop. so do modern scientists. funny thing, and do they correlate? well, i checked with a scientist. i actually did want to talk to the soil scientist, but i went into soil map county by county, had done it for delaware, coastal plain of maryland, virginia, and north

was discovered in 1994 by william kelso, director of the jamestown rediscovery archaeological project. we'll hear his story and take a tour of the dig. we'll meet senior kurator blythe straw. join us saturday may 12th, beginning at 1:30 p.m. eastern. > coming up, dr. ira rutkow discusses how the civil war changed clinical surgery. he is an author of "bleeding blue and gray," "civil war surgery" and "the evolution of new york medicine." the new york academy of medicine hosted this 50-minute discussion. please note, there are graphic photographs shown during the program and some viewers might find this discurbing. turbing. >>> thank you for coming. i'm getting over a cold. if i have a coughing jag, you will understand the reason why. i appreciate the opportunity to be here. chris has already taken away my third slide. i will start with number two. i want to thank the academy for inviting me. it is always a pleasure to come back here. arlene schoenher deserves many thanks. i spent multiple months working in the rear room library. this is a unique place, a wonderful institution. i look fo

the commander of the entire expedition. 405 years ago this monday, he landed just down the road in jamestown virginia, giving birth to the great state of virginia and a great country of the united states of america. for him, there were no guarantees crossing that ocean. there was only an opportunity that king james gave him to found this new world. many of you as you walk across the stage will have already found those opportunities. many of you and still be searching. but let me tell you the words of francis bacon. a wise man or woman will make more opportunities and he finds. it is true. when i was in your seat 36 years ago, all i knew was i was going into the army. i had no idea that an average middle-class kid from fairfax county would grow up to have the same job thomas jefferson had, and patrick henry, the first two governors of virginia. it is a great country, isn't it? it doesn't matter whether your first job as president of the first job as president of the company

. >> later today on "american history tv" tour the jamestown colony dig with william kel sew. the colony has yielded more than 1.5 million unique

jamestown send, the deputy assistant director for nato policy. and dr. charles kupchan. the whitney shepherd son fellow and ian brzezinski, senior fellow at the atlantic counsel and dr. hans binnendijk, vice president for research and applied learning. we're grateful to all of you for being here and look forward to your testimony. senator corker, may i say senator lugar has asked that his comments be placed in the record and they will be appropriately. senator corker? >> gentlemen, we look forward to your testimony. thank you. >> thank you, chairman kerry, for inviting us to testify on the nato summit which the united states is proud to be hosting in chicago on may 20th and may 21st. with your permission, senator, i would like to submit my full statement and summarize my comments here. >> we appreciate and without objection the full statement will be in the record. >> i appreciate the support and the sustained recognition of the significance of this alliance, transatlantic security. this chicago summit will be the first on american soil in 13 years and the first ever out

tonight one of america's earliest settlements, jamestown, virginia. a tour of the archaeological sites along with a visit to lab where their studying the more than 1 million artifacts found so far. >>> and now education secretary arne duncan delivering the commencement address at howard university in washington, d.c. he tells the graduating students the dreams of a postracial america have yet to be fulfilled. howard university is among the oldest historically black colleges chartered by congress in 1867. secretary duncan speaking for about 25 minutes. again, we'll return to live coverage of the hearing when it reconvenes. [ applause ] >> good morning, and thank you so much for that generous introduction. i feel so fortunate to be here today to share in something which i think we do too little of in the field of education, and that is to celebrate success. to our graduates, to their families who have supported them along this journey, congratulations. and although i'm so pleased to be here today, this occasion is an absolutely humbling one as well. i k

it was 405 years ago this week when the very first settlers arrived at the jamestown settlement.ey landed, they knelt and prayed, and their prayer was very specific. they dedicated this north american continent to the glory of god and the advancement of the gospel. that is our pattern that we are forged from. it was some years later in 1979 when a virginia farmer -- you may know him as george washington -- went to new york city and was sworn in as the first president of this new country. after swearing in at federal hall, now wall street, he traveled down to a church, which is located at ground zero. at that church, george washington himself prayed and dedicated this nation to the glory of god and the advancement of the gospel. 307 years after the first jamestown survivors stood here, coincidently, again, the very same week, cbn dedicated the very first satellite earth station to the worldwide proclamation of the gospel. that may seem like nothing to you now, in a day when we all have smartphones, in a day when satellite television is everywhere. but at that time, never before in

tonight one of the earliest settlements jamestown, virginia, a tour of origin logical sites and a lab with more than a million artifacts found so far. spend the weekend in wichita, kansas, with book tv and american history tv. saturday at noon eastern. literary life on book tv. and the founding of beachcraft. also browse the rare book collection at watermarket west rare books. and sunday experience early plains life at the old cowtown museum. the early days of flight at the kansas aviation museum. also two participants from the kansas civil rights movement in 1958 they sat down for service at the drugstore. once a month c-span's local content vehicles explore the history and literary life of cities across america. this weekend from wichita, kansas, on c-span2 and c-span3. and now remarks by u.s. solicitor general who delivered the commencement address to the university of iowa law school's class of 2012 in mid may. he argued both health care and immigration cases before the supreme court in recent months. he talks for 15 minutes. >> have to follow such an extraordinary address such as

. >> later today on american history tv, tour the jamestown colony dig with project director william kelso. the colonyas

. >> this saturday on american history tv tour the jamestown colony dig with project director william kelso. the colony yielded more than 1.5 million unique artifacts. take the tour starting at 1:30 p.m. eastern and visit the rediscovery lab at 2 and then join in the conversation with william kelso answering your questions live saturday. >> earlier today the justice department announced a lawsuit against arizona's maricopa county sheriff's office and its current leader. this stems from allegations that the sheriff's office violated constitutional rights of citizens, particularly hispanics courtesy of k tv k in phoenix, this is half an hour. >> good morning. i am tom perez, the assist apt attorney general for civil rights at the united states department of justice. today the department of justice did something it has done only once before in the 18 year history of our civil police reform work. we filed a contested lawsuit to stop skrim to her and unconstitutional law enforcement practices. in our police reform work we have invariably been able to work collaboratively with law enforceme

think that's, you know -- when you talk about the continuum, this is a story, yes, that begins in jamestowntitution where they sort of fudge the slavery issue. one of the most remarkable things about the constitution is she don't mention of word slave or slavery in the entire document, even though it comes up in the first article. right from the beginning they were aware that we have a contradiction here. we were creating a nation that's ostensibly pledged to liberty and equality oops except for this huge exception. right from the start. essentially brown and harper's ferry is the end -- well, not the end, but a piece of this much longer story. >> let me ask you this. i mean, what i love about all your books is that you really do get into their minds by actually traveling in their footsteps and seeing it. i mean, for james cook you literally sailed on a ship like his, like captain hook all the way around the world and worked on the top of a 100-foot mast to get into his mind. for "confederates in the attic," you trooped around more battlefields with more bloated bodies to get into the mind

next saturday may 12th, american history tv will be live from jamestown. the first permanent english settlement in the united states. it was rediscovered in 1994 by william kel so. we'll hear his story and take a tour of the dig. he describes life in the kol any while showing some of the 1.5 million art facts collected at the site. join us beginning at 1:30 p.m. eastern. located near orange, virginia. in addition to the fourth it includes the gill mother cabin. american history tv visited the restored freedman's farm to learn what life was like for an emancipated slave and his family. >> welcome to this the gilmore cabin. freedom's farm here at james madison's montpelier. my name is christian cotz. this farm was built in the 1870s after the civil war and if you follow me inside i'll show you around. george cotz was a slave for james madison born in 1810 from the family's oral tradition. what happens to georgia after dolly madison had to sell montpelier we're not sure. the slaves were broken into three distinct groups at that time. one group was sold with t

. >> this saturday on american history tv, tour the jamestown colony dig with project director william kelso. since its 1994 rediscovery, the colony has yielded 1.5 million unique artifacts. take the tour. visit the rediscovery lab at 2:00 with the senior curator, and then join in the conversation with william kelso answering your questions. live saturday at 2:30 p.m. eastern. part of american history tv this weekend on c-span 3. >>> these men go through things and have scars that no one can understand except each other. >> the first thing that startled us was the relationship between harry truman and herbert hoover, who were too such personally and politically different men, and who ended up forming this alliance that neither of them would have anticipated, and ended up being enormously productive and formed the foundation of what become a very deep friendship. the letters between them later in their lives about how important they had become to one another are really extraordinary. >> it may be the most exclusive club in the world. co-authors michael duffy and nancy gibbs on the priva

and romans, ancient egyptians, it's older than the united states and slavery existed long before jamestown was founded in 1607. slavery had already spread through central and south america, that part of the new world had been colonized by the spanish and the portuguese and the development of slavery in north america and the british empire is a late comer, slavery was already an up and running concern generating huge profits in central and south america, before the very first slaves arrive in virginia and the virginia colony in 1619. and most of the slaves who come to the new world go to central and south america. we estimate maybe 5% of the millions of slaves who are brought from africa to the americas end up in what is now the united states. now, the cotton gin in the 1790s as we mentioned, the cotton gin gives slavery a new lease on life. it's a new way to make money from a slavery. and the typical slave in the period from 1830 to 1860 works on a cotton plantation. although not all of them. some slaves work in industry, slaves helped build railroads in the south. they work in mining. bel

tonight, one of america's earliest settlements, jamestown, virginia, had a tour of archeological sites, along with a visit to a lab where they're studying the more than 1 million artifacts found so far. >>> spend the weekend in wichita, kansas with book tv and american history tv. saturday at noon eastern, literally life with book tv on c-span 2, robert weems on american presidents and black entrepreneurs from business in black and white and the founding of beach craft and the barn stormer and the lady. also, browse the rare book collection at watermark west's rare books. and sunday at 5:00 p.m. eastern on american history tv, experience early plains life at the old cow town's museum, the aviation museum and two participants from the kansas civil rights movement in 1958 sat down for service at the dockemdrugstore. once a month, c-span explores the history and literary life of cities across america. this weekend from wichita, kansas on c-span 2 and 3. >> this is c-span 3, with politics and public affairs programming throughout the week, and every weekend, 48 hours of people and events t

but it won't be until jamestown and st. augustine is established. yes. st. augustine. 1565. but a few generations away. from permanent settlement on the north american continent. think for a moment, what would the attraction be here. if you can come down here, cortez, the other conquistadors are finding these enormous civilizations. rich beyond measure, that's the attraction. who wants to go up here? what's the attraction up here? at this point not a lot. not a lot. you don't really want to go to maine, do you? not in the winter. down here. so it will take a while but yes, it comes later. this is first. and here we see an example of the spanish and portuguese explorations between 1400 and 1600. look at this. it's an incredible accomplishment. it is these navigators, these spanish and portuguese. before the french, before the english. french and english come into this late. late. when it comes to europeans and european expansion you can see magellan, 1520. cortez, well, columbus obviously, degama, magellan, et cetera. going, mastering the capacity now to sail to distant lands

. >> tour the jamestown island colony date. since the rediscovery of the colony, it has yielded more than 1.5 million artifacts. visit the lab at 2:00 with the senior curator. join in the conversation. live saturday at 2:30 p.m. eastern. part of american history tv this weekend on c-span 3. >>> nato will hold its summit in chicago later this month. next, u.s. ambassador to nato ivo daalder talks about the summit. the council on foreign relations hosted this one-hour event. >> welcome, everybody. to tonight's council on foreign relations meeting. i want to go through our standard stuff here, but remind you to please completely turn off all your -- not just put them on vibrate, but cell phones and all wireless devices to avoid interference with the sound system. i remind you this is an "on the record" session. before we begin with the program, the council is pleased to announce the roll out of a report of the council-sponsored innocent task force on turkey and copies of the task force's report will be released at a meeting in new

. >>> next saturday may 12th "american history tv" will be live from jamestown. the first permanent english settlement in the united states. the long-lost 1607 fort was rediscovered in 1994 by william kelso director of the archaeology project. we'll meet senior curator bly straw who explains life in the colony while showing us some of the 1.5 million artifacts collected at the site. join us saturday may 12th beginning at 1:30 p.m. eastern. >>> each week "american history tv's" "american artifacts" takes viewers behind the scenes at archives, museums, and historic sites. in 1215, a group of noblemen confronted the king of england demanding that their rights be recognized, written down and confirmed by royal seal. king john agreed, binding himself and his heirs to the magna carta or the great charter, granting fundamental legal rights to the noblemen, including trial by jury, habeas corpus and no taxation without representation. the 1297 version is still a law on the books in england and wales and that version was the first to apply these rights to all english free

this is jamestown island, that crummy-looking kind of olive green watery looking place that's so good for mosquitos. still us. but just inland from it, you can see some lighter yellow, and that's the farmland. in fact, some of it is part of the james river flood plain and it has naturally fertile soil. wonderful for corn. the land itself is going to vary. ancient flood plains, i marked them out in this map. i still don't like the map, what i like is 3d and color, but i hand drew it so it has limitations. ignore the big black stuff, but the

. >> this program is one of a multipart look at archaeology on jamestown island, virginia. check the "american history tv" website, cspan.org/history for schedule information. this discussion is from a conference on the presidency and civil rights held at john f. kennedy presidential library and museum. among the topics, if dr's world war ii interment of japanese americans, president truman's desegregation of the armed forces and president eisenhower's five appointments to the supreme court justices in faber of desegregation. we hear of attempts on first lady roosevelt's life because of he her efforts of integration and returning world war ii veterans on civil active. this program is about one hour and 20 minutes. >> good afternoon, i'm david ferio. it's a pleasure to welcome you this afternoon. this conferencen the presidency and civil rights. as you nknow the national archie is is charged with preserving archives to the most important documents, the records we safeguard are part of the backbone, important pieces of the story of the american journey. they contain accounts

american history tv will be live from jamestown, the first permanent english settlement in the united states. the long lost 1607 fort was rediscovered in 1994 by william kelso the director of the archaeological project. we'll hear his story and take a tour of the dig. we'll also meet senior curator blithe straw who describes life in the colony while showing us some of the 1.5 million artifacts collected at the site. join us saturday, may 12th beginning at 1:30 p.m. eastern. >> so we're very proud today to have c-span in the state of oklahoma to show off our great state, and we're certainly looking forward to working with cox communication and c-span and doing all that we can to highlight some of the wonderful tradition, culture, and history, and the great progress that we have made. >> with the help of our cox communications cable partners, we take you to oklahoma city on american history tv. coming up in the next 90 minutes, we visit various sites in and around this capital city that help tell the story of its rich history and culture. in a moment, revisit the april day in 1995 that

comparison to the east india that i think is valid yeah the british polity east india here i mean jamestown was an east india colony. the. the exxon mobil i understand actually i want to talk a little bit about lee raymond we have just just a minute until the break and then we'll have a nice thirty minute chunk to talk afterwards but can you just very quickly tell us who really raymond was or is but when he was released lee raymond was running the company he was the chief chief executive from one thousand nine hundred three to two thousand and five and he was the most powerful and sort of successful by the numbers but also politicised the chief executive in the oil industry during his era you know one of his convictions was that global warming was a hoax and he oversaw. sarap tish's funding that exxon mobil carried out in a fairly rather. a way to try to pollute public understanding of mainstream climate science up to the kyoto accords right through his retirement in two thousand and five and i'd like to get into the whole political thing and how that's working and how in the foreign policy