area japan's need japan's need is going to be the same to strengthen ever more the us japan alliance the linchpin of the security arrangement across the region and then has got to invest further into its relationships with like minded maritime democracies such as the steady india and so on support domestically the productivity is the key because japan's declining population is very much incurable at least in the short term and. 'd or email see the country to grow further there is only one way left that is to boost your productivity it which is hard to come by which is the reason why construct can't continuity and consistency are among the most important assets expected to be held by the next prime minister and the prime minister after the next otherwise people couldn't expect long term couldn't hope for the future in the long term perspectives and long term investment is going to know not to take shape when and where you would on taliban much expectation for the future lauren he changed the status quo of japan's defense policy to enable a more proactive security role in the region ju

silk was japan's great prewar export.ch silk worms feed have been converted into rice paddies. they have been converted again with the increase in demand for silk. shortage of good cocoons. at prese of good cocoons. also, the quality of the cocoon is not up to prewar standards. silk warms are bred to pedigree. , just like good cattle. during the war, silk warms grew poorer in quality because of inbreeding. today, the average warm produces about 650 yards of usable silk thread against the 1000 yards his ancestors produced in 1940. ♪ japan is trying very hard to attract attention to the products it is manufacturing for export. trade is improving. foreign businessmen have been allowed to come to japan, in limited numbers, for direct trade negotiation. ♪ this american businessman signed the first contract -- a $62,000 purchase of chinaware. the occupation is continuing in a friendly atmosphere. the japanese are becoming less strange to us, and we are being better understood by them. americans are taking an interest in japanes

[indiscernible] japan and united states, the basis of our diplomacy. japan and u.s. trade negotiations. japan took the initiative to freedoms economy with which is fair. election isational held, people gave support to my government. my special thanks to the people of japan. the history between japan and russia, the constitutional amendment, all those issues carry greater importance for the government in japan. annmarie: outgoing prime minister shinzo lobby in tokyo explaining his move to resign due to health concerns. dignified and on a speech from a prime minister. cannot do both, fight the illness and lead the country fighting covid-19. he said he decided this week only that he did not to create a political vacuum in japan. for some reaction on this and the market impacts it is having, we welcome paul brain, chairman bond & fx, newton investment management. thank you for joining me. i am sure you heard abe's comments, a stunning move for the morning. what is his legacy going to be in terms of abenomics? no inflation, massive debt, what legacy will he leave behind?

i remember the ramifications for japan. that was a delicate time shinzo abe needed to step in there there has been discussion about the bank of japan and about the stocks we've had a challenging time to find inflation the air of stability has been quite telling in politics. the very clear communication from shinzo abe. certainly his decision and the timing of it is a testament you just laid out that he has been the pillar for japan the other implications as we look to relationships with others around the world. abe has put a lot into building a relationship with president trump. there is a lot of question about the united states and what administration will move forward. that relationship will continue on for japan >> let's get some reaction we are seeing moves on the dollar/yen rate. >> translator: with the political current si, i don't think it will curtail the dollar/yen remember the japanese government has already unleashed over 11% gdp in direct spending it has eased but is still elevated because japan is the world's l

on japan. richard frank, thank you for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> in that last clip we just heard, military film from 1946, it said pretty definitively atomic bombs were dropped to end the war quickly and they did end the war quickly. first of all, was this the right decision to make and were those bombs dropped for the reason of ending the war? >> the short answer is yes and yes. they were dropped overwhelmingly the primary reason to end the war as quickly as possible, save lives, both american and japanese. one thing that's critical to get to at the start, to understand the context of this. from my side i have two basic principles we have to follow. one is to count all the dead. second is to treat all the dead sharing common humanity. by that, i very much mean the japanese as well. basically the asian pacific war resulted in the deaths of 19 million noncombatants. of that number, the number of japanese noncombatants, 1 million or 2 million, due to atomic bombs and soviet inter

japan didn't do that. and what happened when the bomb became available -- truman didn't know a thing about it. all you knew, you just become president. they didn't really like him. and they put it to him and said, look, this is it. we have this bomb. to me, it was all -- you can't drop an atomic bomb and say, well, let's drop it tomorrow. let's drop it next week. they had already planned. everything was planned for the bomb and i didn't make too much difference what truman had to say. it was in the works and the united states was going to drop that bomb. >> do you think that the president had a say in that? >> well, absolutely. the constitution confers enormous powers -- virtually unlimited as commander in chief in wartime. and so truman had the power to simply tell his cabinet and his military leaders, you know, we will use the bomb. we won't use the bomb. we're going to use the bomb in the following way. i don't think there's any question that he had the power to make the decision. i do think that it's t

japan controls the island. the japanese government maintains they're an inherit part of their territory. >>> a south korean government spokesperson made a statement saying we are sorry to hear this sudden announcement but are eager to cooperate with a new pr prime minister with an aim of foster good will between south korea and japan. various media outlets reported the story as brbreaking news referrining to sources includin nhk. one saying abe took a hard line stance on historic issues between seoul and s soak i don' one example they give is a ruling over wartime labor handed down over south korean court. the conservative newspaper noted abe has been in office longer than any other japanese prime minister. the daily went on to claim his popularity has been in decline due to perceived weaknesses in his government's response to the coronavirus. given the long history of tensions between the neighboring country there's much interest in south korea as to the identify of the next prime minister. >>> earlier we spok

in planning an invasion of japan, the main island of japan? that's a good question. there was a plan to start invading japan on august 11. mr. truman had approved that. at the time he was quite reluctant. there was a scenario where we were going to have overwhelming superiority going into q shoe -- kyushu. american casualties were going to be unpleasant, but acceptable. and the japanese had anticipated this huge buildup of ground forces. 700,000 troops. 780,000 troops would be facing the japanese. officer had never wanted to invade japan and he was biting his time. by the ninth of august, he was prepared to bring on this and only the japanese surrender put that off before it reached the level of mr. truman having another review. you are on with richard frank. we're talking about the sympathetic anniversary. good morning, tom. morning.ood i am age 60 and i remember the howard then lectures of my history isrs of how being rewritten so much by people with agendas. i am hearing on talk radio the --y reason we bombed progressive talk radio that is, the only reason we bomb

japan formally surrendered on board a battleship in tokyo. the capitulation document was signed on september 2nd 1945. general douglas macarthur then became the country's military governor japan's foreign minister represented the government at the ceremony. in the end it was emperor hirohito ordered his squabbling war council to capitulate the american leadership rejoiced claiming that the atomic bombs that brought peace. well the official version that the both bombs were necessary in order to bring the japanese around to surrender is not borne out by the facts in the chronology of the surrender process the japanese had been trying to surrender for weeks if not months but they weren't going to surrender under unconditional surrender and they weren't going to surrender as long as the emperor's life was at stake they hoped that they would get the soviet union to mediate between the united states and japan for better surrender terms they were unable to get that because the soviet union cleared war in japan on august 8th. and that was the end of

that causes more turmoil in japan. the emperor insist japan surrender and get the government to agree. whether they would ever have agreed without the emperor, i don't know. then we saw a fraught period where it's a question whether they are going to get japanese forces, 5, 6 headline strong to surrender. one of the inner cabinet members later tells american interrogators the roughest, most fraught days he spent, these four or five days worrying whether armed forces would comply with the emperor's order. i described this in another context as sort of a miraculous deliverance that we actually got government and armed forces of japan to surrender in august 1945. >> hear from steve now in fredericksburg, virginia. good morning, steve. >> good morning. my father served in world war ii. i'd like to ask professor frank, first of all, if he reads japane japanese. second of all, i'd like to ask if he's read numerous, overwhelming number of comments just after the war by japanese generals that it was not the two nuclear attacks

he said the japan/u.s.onnection remains imporortant amid growing security concerns in parts of asia. abe also asked for continued to support to resolve the issue of japanese nationals abducted to north korea more than three decadesleaders agreed to cooperate to develop drugs and vaccines to deal with the coronavirus. after the call in a twiwitter message, trump described abe as a friend and the greatest prime minister in the history of jajapan. laterr on monday, a abe connect by phone with russian president vlvladimir putin. during their 20-minute talk, putin called abe a trustworthy partner and thanked him for his greaeat contributionsns to the bilateral relationship. abe touched on the longstanding territorial issue between the twtwo countries. they confirmed that the two sides will continue negotiations to resolve the issue. >>> a powerful typhoon is forecast to move closer to japan's southern prefecture of okinawa. the weather system known as maysak is expected to develop wind gusts of 250 kilometers pe

think, forissue, i japan was the. iithe period of world war was an area not forthrightly discussed, still not forthrightly discussed. japan toa tendency in view themselves as the greatest victims of the war. if you have been dealing with historians and people from other asian nations, you really get a full flavor of how infuriated that makes people in china and elsewhere. i was sitting in a conference fromwith a representative the people's republic of china. the argument was made along the lines of the critical literature. bafflementoing from to fury as he realizes that this narrative entirely omits, it does not count and doesn't treat chinese, vietnamese, indonesians, koreans as sharing a common humanity with japanese civilians in two cities. let me add further, basically when the soviet union enters the dower,cording to john they capture between 1.6 million and 1.7 million japanese nationals. when they -- the repatriation process is over, they only returned 1.2 million. no from soviet archival documents about 61,000

also into portions of japan as well. so looking at the forecast here, the storm is expected to brush by toward the west of the korean peninsula, possibly making landfall to the north as we go through thursday. but we're looking at rainfall amounts 200 millimeters possible into north korea. south korea and western japan. seeing up to 500 millimeters of rain. on top of that gusts could hit up to 216 kilometers per hour into thursday. because of this particular process, this storms moves to the north and northeast. you'll have to watch this closely because it's going to be quite the stormy one. here's a look at the forecast. shanghai 29 with thunderstorms as we go through thursday. we're also talking about a big hurricane that's moving into the gulf of mexico. laura is continuing to gain strength as it moves closer toward louisiana and the gulf coast line. i wanted to give this perspective. this shows the intensity of the storm as the clouds are gathering and starting to circulate like this in a counterclockwise fashion. it

september in japan 22, 1945. sasebo, japan, is the seaport next to or inland. there, twofter being weeks after being there, and he was on both sides of at least from the veterans administration of information, he talked to me some about treating the people who had been survivors. within two weeks, his soul unit got -- his whole unit got deathly sick. halfwaypoint, they were ,etween hiroshima and nagasaki which as his surviving son, my father passed away at age 541977. and all of his siblings -- at age 54 in 1977. all of his siblings lived a ripe age. whenis day, i believe that his whole unit was exposed, i think that was part of the reason for his premature death. he was questioned poorly by doctors -- thorley by doctors about his cancer and service in japan in 1977. my mother was a registered nurse, so he was asked a lot of questions. i was about 10 years old and i asked my father, i had heard the word armageddon at sunday school, i asked him about it and he said, son, i have already been there. you never want to see it. host: ian toll, your thoughts? guest: w

making japan one of its closest allies. and despite total disputes he warmed up to regional superpower china. but he stirred controversy by repeatedly visiting the yasukuni shrine which honors japan's war dead among them convicted war criminals at japan's wartime legacy led to renewed friction with south korea causing their worst diplomatic and create dispute for decades. the 2011 earthquake tsunami and fukushima nuclear disaster was a further test of his leadership another came in 2020 when the coronavirus pandemic scuttled his plans to showcase japan on the world stage by hosting the tokyo summer olympics the world's 3rd largest economy already on the slide since $2.18 slumped to a record low but abbey did succeed in being japan's longest continuous the soviet prime minister even as concerns about his health resurfaced gupta al jazeera. u.s. president donald trump has formally accepted the republican party's nomination for a 2nd term he says november's election will be a choice between saving the american dream or allowin

so they had to do it quickly before japan surrendered to. so does that mean the americans were war criminals and are the japanese the victims no they say that would be too easy to night cover in the us or it's often asserted that we're the victims. but we were the victims of 2 perpetrators we were america's victims and victims of our own wartime government. japan was to blame for the war and also to blame because it did not surrender much earlier that i will score some of the. we asked the historians one last question 70 years after the tragedies of hiroshima and nagasaki where do you place the blame for dropping the atomic bombs. by bombing cities and not only in hiroshima and nagasaki america had crossed the threshold leading to a war on civilian. before that only hitler and gannicus spain and the japanese and china did that. and the west called it barbarism. but then the british did the same thing in dresden and the americans in tokyo. and with the 2 atom bombs they ultimately went beyond the point of no return when i guess when i was ver

i visited japan twice. think it is important to think about the fact that japan had a chance to surrender between the two bombs, unconditionally. they could have reached out and done that and they didn't. my dad thought perhaps the second bombing was unnecessary. i think the oil issues are valid. we cannot discount the generational nationalistic samurai ethic that was prevalent in the ruling class in japan at the time. host: a couple of comments on text, jeff from chicago says this, yes correct. pows harshly.oday my two uncles died in world war ii and my other family members are. thank you, c-span, forgiving the whole program to this anniversary. it is important for people to study history and develop nickel thinking skills to be an informed voter. like another caller, i may not be here if not for the bombs, but say "never again." to albuquerque, new mexico on our veterans and family line, go ahead. therese in albuquerque, make sure to mute your volume and then go ahead with your comment. caller: hello. yes

in japan. is japan's longest continuous serving prime minister and now he intends to resign it's health reasons that are forcing him to go but how will this impact japan's relations with countries in the region. and infected with the coronavirus despite the mission or more just to work 50 members. on a remote island to divide us get. 5 british welcome to do. that you could join us with japanese prime minister shinzo obvious set to design the future of japan's relations with countries in the region is suddenly an open question during his tenure. to build an alliance with the united states india and australia primarily with the aim of countering china's influence i'll be speaking to an expert about what the future of those stars is but 1st here's more on the strategic direction give japan. steered japan's defense strategy in a radical new direction he pledged revised japan's pacifist post world war 2 constitution to counter changing security threats in the region. in his 1st speech to the nation

because japan continued to ignore demand. for capitulation truman believed the step was justified he warned japan that it would be struck by a rain of ruin the mission was plagued by one glitch after another the aircraft didn't have enough fuel a 3rd aircraft failed to appear the planned target the port of kokura and the secondary target nagasaki were both covered by clouts. yeah we didn't hit quite sure the close one to go down or the other was struck during and who is not supposed to restart that run on greater and the guardian just put near their. own bitter small and last minute he took over. and he he got to target but he didn't get to center and wondered where but still and all of it covered a big tear. again tens of thousands of people were killed almost all of them civilians. the number of victims should actually have been higher than in her all schama because the explosive force of the plutonium bomb was twice as high. the search for a witness who is shown in an old photograph has led all across japan it is one of ma

one reason is that japan is known for being crazy about tech robots have a long tradition in japan. that was there the plastic and examine gace was invented . 8000000 virtual chiclets have been sold worldwide since the mid ninety's the ruble pop idol by sony has also become a popular favorite name by those fans for artificial intelligence robots in the mid 2000 production came to a temporary halt as the company underwent restructuring had sony anticipated the outrage this would spark in japan it might of reconsider it to the 150000 eyeballs that had been sold by then withdrawing support was like a death sentence one that probably almost wouldn't stand for to this day you can find i bought dogs that repair old models how can a computer get so much love even scientists are scratching their heads test with children and adolescents show 60 percent attribute emotions to the robot dog and enjoy giving it orders just as much as a live animal the newest i would generate has been on the market since 2018 very popular and the 1st time of year over $20000.00 models were sold in japan alone des

the main island of japan? guest: very good question and very different from what it is usually presented. there had been a plan to invade japan on november 1. mr. truman had approved that on the 18th of june, 1945. at that time he was quite reluctant, but he was presented with a scenario in which we were going to have overwhelming superiority going into southern kyushu. and therefore american casualties would be acceptable. and what we now know, which was released decades after the war, radio intelligence had uncovered the fact that the japanese had exactly anticipated that the first american invasion was going to take place on southern kyushu. they built this huge buildup of ground and air force over 10,000 aircraft. kamakf them, cozzi's -- azi's. 7000 troops. instead of us going on with overwhelming superiority, our assault would be facing 700,000 japanese. we now know a senior naval officer had never wanted to invade japan. he had been biding his time and -- time to bring on a showdown over whether an invas

that's 300 miles from japan. they had the problem of trying to import oil through this 3000-mile artery that could very easily be attacked and was attacked by our submarines, by our air power, and by the third month of 1945. we had essentially cut that line completely. it is absolutely true that the japanese war machine was essentially kind of spluttering to a complete halt by the time that we ended the war with the atomic bombs. and it is certainly true, you could make a good counter factual argument that if we didn't have the atomic bombs, forget whether we use them, if we didn't have them at all most likely the japanese would have surrendered by some point in the fall of 1945. >> so as the japanese fleet defeated at that time? >> absolutely. the japanese fleet really didn't exist. we had destroyed it. we saw all of their ships. what little remained of their navy was in japanese harbors. we were attacking their ships at anchor with our carrier planes. japanese navy was totally finished by the summer of 1945. i

on japan. richard frank, thank you for joining us. >> thank you for having me. >> in that last clip, the military film from 1946, it said that the atomic bombs were dropped to end the war quickly, and they did end the war quickly. was this the right decision to make and were those bombs the reason for the end of the war? >> the short answer is that yes and yes. overwhelmingly the primary reason was to end the war as quickly as possible. one thing i think it's critical that we get to at the start is to understand context of this. i have two principles. one is to count and the other is to cheat all of the dead as sharing a common humanity. i mean the japanese as well. the asia-pacific war resulted in the death of about 19 million noncombatants. of that number, a number of japanese noncombatants was maybe 1.2 million. about 25% of them were due to the atomic bombs. that math tells you immediately that for every japanese noncombatants who died, between 17 and 18 other noncombatants that died. they

in the culture of japan.hat was the reaction of the elites and the people of japan by this announcement of mr. buffett? sophie: in a world of a lot of uncertainty, it is a bit of hope. hathaway has been building these stakes in the trading houses for about a year now and have fed to disclose because the stakes exceeded 5%. japanesepanies have dna. their heritage goes back hundreds of years. if you go back to their history, you see huge conglomerates that in some cases powered the second world war. they have diversified their businesses. in many of the big joint ventures around the world, some infrastructure, commodities remain a backbone of what they do. vote forery much a commodities, japanese stocks and the japanese future as a whole. tom: there has been a lessening of them down to five or six and some recent mergers in recent years banked on bankruptcy and challenging times. are they fragile now or stronger than they were 10 years ago? sophie: the have to be stronger. they have been through the ringer with

has a military presence in south korea and japan.o far this year, seoul has given no indication of the future of gsomia. last week, a foreign ministry official said the agreement could be ended at any time. the official added south korea will continue to ask japan to relax its tighter export controls as soon as possible. >>> japanese prime minister abe shinzo spent three and a half hours at a hospital on monday for medical reasons, saying it was a follow-up to a test he took last week. but the visit adds fuel to concerns the prime minister may be in poooor health. >> translator: i heard details about my test results and also underwent additional tests. i'll continue to do my best in my work and take all measures to manage my physical condition.. >> abe declined to share information when asked about the content and results of the test. he broke a record monday, becoming the japanese leader with the most consecutive days in officece, 2,799. but there's speculation the prime minister's health has taken a hit from the stresses of g gover

which hastened the surrender of japan and saved untold thousands of american lives.which hastene japanegan nearly four years ago was accomplished. ♪ ♪ >> we continue now with the bombing of hiroshima japan that led to the end of world war ii. next in 1945, universal newsreel on how the atomic bomb evolved both as science and the decision to use it. that's followed by a discussion how president harry truman came to order the use of the atomic bomb during world war ii, part of what you will see every weekend during american history tv here on c-span3. >>> weeknights this month we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available on c-span3. tonight a look at the uss indianapolis, in 1945, two japanese torpedos sunk the uss indianapolis in shark-infested waters. only 217 out of 1196 crew members survived. they were not rescued for several days. on the 75th anniversary, congress awarded the entire crew the congressional gold medal, its highest civilian honor. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 eastern and enjoy it this week and every weekend on c-span3. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> this

japan marks 75 years the u.s. bombing of hiroshima.e look at the lingering impact of the attack and hear from some of the verlast survivors. for all of you watching on pbs and around the globe, welcome to rld news america in beirut, a desperate srch is continuing for more than 100 people still missing after a huge explosion. 30000 people have been displaced. it is thought the explosion was caused by a fire that ignitedpi s of ammonium nitrate sted unsafely. a two week state of emergency has been declared. rami reports. reporter: this is what'sef l that shook beirut to its core. this is what the surrounding neighborhoods look like, smashed up by the seismic shockwave caused by the explosion. >> [translated] iaw a lot of sgusting scenes -- dead people, peop running and screaming while carrying their children, people who h lost theirhildren. others looking for their mom or sister. itas horrific. reporter: this is some of ste ction wrought on beirut by yesterday's blast. sethis neighborhood is cloo the site of the blast. many of these hous

that causes more turmoil in japan. the emperor insisting that japan's surrender, and he gets the government to agree. then we still have a very fraud. -- fraud period where japanese armed forces, going on 7 million to surrender. one of the admirals later tells interrogators that the most fraught days he spent with these days worrying about whether the armed forces were going to comply with the emperor's order. i described this as a miraculous deliverance that we actually got the government and armed forces to surrender in august 1945. >> let's hear from steve now in fredericksburg, virginia. >> good morning. my father served in world war ii. i would like to ask professor frank if he reads japanese? i would like to ask him if he has read the overwhelming number of comments just after the war by japanese generals and admirals that it was not the two nuclear attacks, but the entrance of the soviet union into the war. they had invaded manchuria and they were occupying the islands, which they still occupy to this day, and t

i want to ask you about japan. what does post-abe japan mean? >> for fx?ets in general. >> i think it is important. mics, itsay abeno provides us uncertainty about what is going to come next. hopefully the next one coming of trying torms stimulate the economy. it creates uncertainty. i would see it as a negative. he has been the one pushing this. manus: as we go toward the u.s. left, would seconds you hold dollar-yen or gold? >> i would position for dollar-yen lower. thank you so much. are live to belarus next. ♪ hike! coming to the green flag, racing at daytona. they're off... in the kentucky derby. rory mcllroy is a two time champion at east lake. he scores! stanley cup champions. touchdown! only mahomes. expect anything different? the big events are back and xfinity is your home for the return of live sports. annmarie: good morning from bloomberg's european headquarters. i'm annmarie hordern with manus live from dubai. global equities broadly higher this morning even as worldwide coronavirus infections top 25 million. china pmi data with services lookin

western japan.nwhile, there's a front across portions of china. the system has been bringing heavy rainfall to parts of the country. take a look at this video from shang she province. multiple roads h he c collapseds a result and a natural gas pipeline exploded early wednesday. surging rivers have swept cars away and close to 500 supreme to be relocated to safety. the frontal system will likely shift to the south a little bit. areas from inland china to the east coast will see heavy rainfall and heavier rain is expected for south korea which has been dealing with copious amounts of heavy rainfall since the beginning of august. you have over 70 millimeters already. additional 200 millimeters possible for the next three days or so. there's a potential tropical depression over the ocean. this system will likely head towards the north aiming for the okinawa region as we go into weekend. temperatures on the hot side in chong shin. tokyo will see 36 degrees. it's going to be the hottest temperature of the

making japan one of its closest allies. and despite total disputes he warmed up to regional superpower china and japan's wartime legacy led to renewed friction with south korea causing their worst diplomatic and create dispute for decades. the 2011 earthquake tsunami and fukushima nuclear disaster was a further test of his leadership another came in 2020 when the coronavirus pandemic scuttled his plans to showcase japan on the world stage by hosting the tokyo summer olympics the world's 3rd largest economy already on the slide since 20 teen slumped to a record low abbie's resignation has set off a succession battle in the ranks of the governing liberal democratic party and their concerns about what the future holds for a country long used to stability priyanka gupta al-jazeera. in the news ahead the trail of destruction left behind by hurricane laura now the task of cleaning up begins. and racial unrest makes for another uneasy night in the u.s. city of commotion the days though still filled with hope for unison. however ca

to announce his decision at a press conference later today is move coincides with japan's biggest economic slump on record we go to tokyo more. also on the show we'll visit the italian port of genoa where. the cruise and shipping industry have run out of steam. and how the pandemic boosts creativity in business a hotel in india turns its pull into a fish shop. good to be with us now all eyes on tokyo today where prime minister shinzo expected to announce his resignation over health law race stocks on the exchange tumbled more than 2 percent on the news the sudden resignation would come just 4 days after he became japan's longest serving prime minister and the one who coined the term nomics he's always seen themselves as a reformer set on shaping the future japan's prime minister shinzo and his party v l d p won the 2012 election on a platform of revving up the economy and breaking with obsolete economic traditions his main plan was to ease japan's monetary policy the country's central bank set the printing presses in motion and flooded the market with fresh cash then he installed credit fi

when really japan has shown -- and japan is quite unique.homogenous and you got these domestic purchases of the bonds, it shows it can continue for a very, very long time. if inflation does not pick up. and when you look at japan, the government debt to g.d.p. ratio is over 200% of g.d.p. and the bank of japan holds about half of that. now, as much as the debt burden, in europe, and in the u.s. are growing, the central banks do not at least not yet mold 100% of g.d.p. worth of government bonds. so i think yes, it ultimately it can mean that it inhibits growth as indeed anywhere inhibits growth. if you have a high debt stock even if service costs are quite low. but ultimately, how long a central bank can keep going will ultimately depend upon what happens to inflation and flfer whether bond holders think a higher risk premium as a consequence. and japan certainly hasn't had inflation. anna: as we find a replacement for shinzo abe to take its course what will you will be listening out for or focused on from a new prim minister? any new pleered

so she and wesley brought all of japan into our house. on subsequent anniversaries of the bombings when japanese journalists called looking for a comment from a member of the truman family, i mentioned that story. i mentioned that we had read the story together. and i told wesley at the time that i thought it was important for him to understand his great grandfather's decision, his country's point of view, but also to understand what that cost the people of hiroshima and nagasaki. wesley said that he enjoyed the book. he remembered as a child enjoying the book. and what he said was it was different from all of his other children's books. and it did not have a happy ending. a ink it was in 2005 i had sadako's apan, from older brother, himself a survivor of the bombing. he had read japanese journalist account, read the interviews they had done with me. and asked me if we could meet someday. if we might be able to work together. and i said yes. it took us five more years. e did not meet until 2010 in new york city. him and his son were visit

japan committed many crimes during world war ii. by far the worst was the managing massacre. -- nanjing massacre. >> first of all, it does not exist. the civilian population was fine. where did all of their bodies go? there is no evidence. it is all alive. reporter: china is not the only country these groups claim have wronged japan. today, their target is russia. this is another piece of highly contested history. up here is the russian embassy. they believe russia stole a big chunk of territory from japan. now they are here to demand it back. 75 years on, the wounds inflicted by world war ii remain open and festering. anchor is strongest in south korea, where japan's prime minister is a figure of hate and ridicule. this symbolizes the begging for forgiveness that japan has yet to do for the crimes they committed. >> the united states was the occupying power. they wanted every buddy to move forward. you had millions, tens of millions, of victims. in china and korea. they were saying wait a second, this is not ok. reporter: on saturd