it was a deliberate slap in the face to jefferson davis, and while davis happily appointed lee to the top command he refused to appoint joe johnston to anything. instead writing that johnston was in his words deficient in enterprise, tardy in movement, defective in preparation, and singularly neglectful of the duty of preserving our means of supply and transportation. then he did it anyway. it was lee who convinced him that if nothing else the popular johnston who was very much loved by the soldiers, might convince some of those who had desserted to return to the colors. johnston's first instinct was to refuse the appointment. he suspected this was another of davis's tricks putting him back in command just so he would be the one to bear the historical burden of making the final surrender. but just as lee had talked davis into making the appointment he also convinced johnston to accept it. others told johnston that lee now hated davis as much as he did, which was not true, and that lee still had confidence in his old friend and west point classmate, which was rue. so in that new job, j

the otherquestion question was about jefferson c. davis. i have the biography of don , who was the commander of the army at the time that jefferson davis shoots william bill nelson in the hotel lobby -- actually in the stairway. interesting case, how he gets off for murder. i don't want to go into all of the details. let's just say there was enough that nelsonsuggest .eserved what was coming to him the governor believed as much as well. so, sorry. >> some practical things. how did states finance their part in the work, and when soldiers were called up by the spare it toid they the state or the federal government? they appointed their own officers. when the war went on, what does lincoln do with the governors to federal --m with the dr. engle: state governors negotiated bank loans. >> did they raise taxes? dr. engle: there was an income tax, but they did not raise very much money. .hey chiefly relied on bankers so, most governors raised funds privately through their taxes,ture, not to raise but to appropriate funds through negotiation of loa

what answer is because he got along well with jefferson davis. he was a leader and commander, his subordinates did not like him. he had a plan that was sure to work. he issued those messages through the careers and nothing worked out the way it was supposed to. he was furious, he landed on the couriers, one of them got lost and never gave it to the guy during he blamed him. andaid he sent him an order you did not move. you are under arrest read a number of his subordinates and him put a man under arrest that is not good for an army win all of your subordinate generals are in jail. word of this gets to jefferson davis, he tries to calm him down. cannot doneral you this, maybe they did not do it they were supposed to and can't .e let by god the bygones he said they is going to prosecute and make them pay. while he is doing this, the federal army which he just a fetid is going back towards chattanooga. concentrated on pursuit rather than revenge against his former officers he would have accomplished more. by the time he got to chattanooga, which he

jefferson davis. welcoming theing, confederate. this is part of the propaganda and we also see in some of the newspapers references to the casualties that were caused by the confederates and later in the reconstruction it is called, waving the bloody shirt. these are the guys that caused unclessband'ss, sons and to die over the civil war. this is part of the propaganda. here is what grant reports to one of his friends, regarding confederate attitudes. "the enemy are exceedingly anxious to hold out until after the election. they hope for a counterrevolution. deserters come into our line daily to tell us that the men are universally tired of the war and that desertions would be much more forget -- more frequent, that but they believe peace will be negotiated after the elections." how did they see this? [indiscernible] >> i was going to say, almost like their last hope. but it highlights the conception that war weariness is prominent in the north. it is also a significant element in the south. you have pro-unionist groups springing up

jefferson davis saying we will fight on unless you acknowledge our government. they think it is the right thing to do. it is demonizing lincoln and the other side, saying we are the right guys, we are the gentleman. charles: ok. >> also is kind of based off of, lincoln has had for years to show improvement in the system and so far it has only split the country in two. so they are saying, if you put a democrat back in government, we are going to bond everybody together. charles: we will bring the union back. the only thing stopping the union at this point is lincoln, essentially is what they are saying with this. the author points out a letter by, a couple of letters by horace greeley to abraham lincoln. in the letters, what the author quotes, "our bleeding country longs for peace, shudders at the prospect of fresh conscription, of further wholesale devastations and of new rivers of human blood. blood." an why is this important or significant? who is this? >> the editor of the new york tribune. it says in the reading he is wishy-washy, but he has a big impact on

word of this gets to jefferson davis, he tries to calm him down. he said general you cannot do this, maybe they did not do it they were supposed to and can't we let by god the bygones. he said they is going to prosecute and make them pay. while he is doing this, the federal army which he just a fetid is going back towards that he had just to feed it -- just defeated is fleeing back towards chattanooga. if he had concentrated on pursuit rather than revenge against his former officers he would have accomplished more. by the time he got to chattanooga, which he expected to be evacuated, he beat them after all. they were not evacuated. they were digging in, they were fortifying. now he is going to have to fight his way in. they are not strong enough to fight their way out, it becomes in effect a siege, a siege with an asterisk. it does not go all the way around. >> no it does not. i just wanted to say something about him. some of you have heard the story. the first time it has been discovered was in ulysses s. grant's memoirs, we have not been able to

jefferson davis died in new 1893 and reburied in after mrs. davis chose this site. the first saturday in june each year, the sons of confederate veterans celebrate the birthday ith cannons, guns and flags. we are finishing at the president's circle. the centerpiece is james monroe. he was born in virginia. had a horm near charlottesville and was a veteran of the american revolution. the tomb of james monroe has been out for a year and-a-half being restored. assembled in 1858 and over the years, it had deteriorated and had to be taken down because 40% of it had to be recast. we are watching the re-adem bladge. this was designed by a richmonder and originally built in philadelphia. james monroe, our fifth president, was re-buried in hollywood in 1858. he would die 27 years earlier and buried at marble cemetery in new york. the general assembly of virginia was trying to honor our statesman by bringing him back to virginia. they gave his permission and in a very large ceremony, july, 1858, monroe was removed from marble cemetery in new york and reburied in hollywood cem

controversies over silver were monuments to read she touches on the controversies surrounding a jefferson davis statue and how different time periods influence the creation of more monuments, particularly in the south. this was part of a daylong in richmond,d virginia. explore anere to aspect of the civil war that is very much in the news. it has been in the news for several years. some of you have found these rancorous debates about civil justonuments traveling and wish the debates will go away. but you know it won't just go away. the constructive thing to do is to accept the debates is evidence that the subject of our institution, the american civil war museum, is relevant today. many of you are regulars to the events, history buffs to look learn -- you love to study history. i would like to extend a welcome to those of you who are new, the preservationists, in the audience. museum of the the american civil war center, we have always audit was our response -- thought it was our responsibility to engage constructively with issues arising from the civil war, whether that subject be monuments, t

81 jefferson davis was a senator from mississippi then would go one to be a president of the confederate states of america proposing a bill to provide funding for the education of black people in washington d.c. and argued against it saying this man was created by white men for white men and that inequality was "stamped from the beginning". >> host: go-ahead. >> caller: it is an absolute pleasure to speak with you mr. kendi with all the work that you do. slavery was portable enough and the main reason for our the disparities but also a jim crow that started after slavery in those that could own property and things like that and with the industrial complex therefore steelwork steelwork, $1 or two per day. blood is the best way for black americans to organize? in then the japanese the jewish americans even though the holocaust and not happen in the united states. >> i think first and foremost, we shut recognize that black people should recognize even though you may be black if there's something wrong or inferior but to think that creates a set of practices and attitudes if you think as a b

jefferson davis, a senator from mississippi, was opposing a bill on the u.s.senate that would provide funding for the education of black people in d.c. and said this nation was created by white many and for black men. >> host: tina, oakland, california. go ahead. >> caller: thuank you for takin my call. it is a pleasure and appreciate your work. slavery was horrible enough and the main reason for the huge wealth disparities but it is also jim crow. you know the lynchings and all that stuff started after slavery and all that kind of stuff and blacks being the ones who were able to own property were chased off their properties and things like that. what do you think today with the prison industrial complex and these people are forced to work for a dollar or two a day and being incarcerated at a horrible rate. i was wondering what do you think is the best a way for black americans to organize and start advocacy groups to receive repriation? what is the best way to advocate for this? >> guest: i think first and foremost black people should recognize that even thou

controversies over silver were monuments to read she touches on the controversies surrounding a jefferson davis statue and how different time periods influence the creation of more monuments, particularly in the south. this was part of a daylong symposium held

someone said about rounded up old jefferson davis, lincoln said i hope you would disappear like patty's fleet, i hope he is not there. consistent with desire to not have any show trials or punitive missions. for reconciliation he often used jokes, maybe to soften the message of mercy or to have a helpful blindness to pass on. racist ornot very part certainly compared to his contemporaries. who shows sympathy and awareness for the one man's plight chiding him a little bit. nearly everyone especially poor immigrants understood the preference of fleas and ill -- ill fitting footwear. lincoln refused to have an anti-immigrant stanford when he ran for president, he wanted to change any state legislation that had previously been against immigrants that impaired in any shape or form. he advocated for a full and efficient protection of the rights of all classes of citizens for their native or naturalized at home and abroad. throughout his life no immigrant , theyoser to lincoln marched right to the white house. if the germans led lincoln to victory, they nonetheless provided great support. linc

someone said about rounded up something about rounding up old jefferson davis, lincoln said i hope you would disappear like patty's fleet, i hope he is not there. this is quite consistent with his desire to not have any show trials or punitive commissions. , he oftenconciliation used jokes, maybe ethnic ones, to soften the message of mercy or to have a helpful blindness to pass on. they were not very racist or part certainly compared to his contemporaries. who shows sympathy and awareness for the one man's plight chiding him slightly for his conditions. nearly everyone especially poor immigrants understood the preference of fleas and ill fitting footwear. lincoln -- when the republican party was formed in 1854, the newly created anti-immigrant know nothings drifted into the party to adoptd republicans an anti-immigrant stance. lincoln refused. when he ran for president, lincoln opposed any change to immigration laws or state legislation that afforded a right to state chip -- a great store be impaired in any way, shape, or form. he advocated for a full and efficient protection of the ri

able to break the lock, but 0 minutes earlier deputies say they stole cash from a gun store on jefferson davis highway. last week two people stole 30 guns, again, in just 90 seconds from a store in rockville. a group of three men stole 35 guns from a gun store in chantilly on saturday. >> they move fast. >>> fraud. it's rampant out there but now d.c. residents see some stronger consumer protection laws. today, attorney general carl racine submitted legislation to better protect consumers in the district from fraud and other abuses. consumer reporter susan hogan is here with the impact this has on you. hi, susan. >> hey, jim. any time consumer protection laws are improved, the impact can only be positive for you. now, the district currently has what's called the consumer protection procedures act. while it's helped hundreds of residents, the ag's office realizes it can do bring their law in line with other states' best practices. some of those proposals prohibiting unfair business practices. d.c. law does not provide the authority to go after a business nearly because its practices are unfair t

selma's turning point was it brought in federal protections, federal oversight, and jefferson davis sessionse case that it was wrong that the federal protection was intrusion on the state of alabama. he still holds that position. so, by the time it got to shelby, judge roberts and the sessions ideology prevailed. and now the protection had been removed, and therefore, you see massive retreat on the voting rights act today. >> and that impacted this last election. i remember sitting in the courtroom during the argument, and when justice scalia talked about voting rights as a racial entitlement, i was sitting there with martin luther king iii, and we looked over at you and john lewis and others of the generation preceding us and those that were younger than us, and this is going to impact all of us, and it already is. >> well, it is, because al, the voting rights act of 1965, african-americans couldn't vitamin, but white women couldn't serve on jurors, 18-year-olds couldn't vote, serving in vietnam. you couldn't vote on college campuses. you couldn't vitamin bi-lingual. so, it took us 25 years

three most powerful southern democrats in the senate, robert toombs, benjamin of louisiana, and jefferson davis of mississippi. before the election, republicans assumed that secession threats were a harmless charade, a mixture of bravado and posture. in the weeks after the election, most republicans refused to take seriously an outburst based upon what they considered ludicrous and can seemingly deliberate misconceptions. they described the crisis is artificial. it had been whipped up by the south, republicans insisted, and can only be resolved when the south climbed off its high horse. let me shift now to my third topic. a quick glimpse at my new book. it is called lincoln and the politics of slavery. it is called "lincoln and the politics of slavery, the other 13th amendment." this is not a book about the real 13th amendment that abolished slavery, the one that was featured in steven spielberg's film "lincoln" a few years ago. his book is about an entirely different amendment, indeed its polar opposite, that was proposed four years earlier. hindsight of scares the would be 1861 amendment. the

the chicago convention is that the democrat no choice between jefferson davis above-described and abraham lincoln with all his faults. can't abraham lincoln a joker like the chicago party, democrats tried to make this a joke of the continental century. he liked that ticket and you will not be around arrogance and facility and cowardice. in keeping with the mood, poster cartoons and sympathetic to the national union party turns the joke against the democratic nominee. mcclellan tries to ride two horses on the equine metaphor that lincoln put into play with an old dutch farmer who remarked a companion that a companion that of companion that it is not best to swap horses. this cartoon appears as a star-spangled circus rider struggling to keep a foot on this for us. the president looks on unfairly been serious. mcclellan has one hand on the reins of the worst charger streaming fraction of the other direction by a horse labeled peace. is kind of them say they can manage the act know-how. he tried to write than two horses on the peninsula but it would work. a great attention to the deep divisio

he was devoted to his friendship with jefferson davis and was discovered during the war to have sent secret letters encouraging him and so on. pierce was about to make a speech denouncing lincoln for losing the war and encouraging the democrats to help launch the campaign of 1864. this speech was to be given in july of 1863. as pierce was about to give the speech in concord, new hampshire, the news arrived from gettysburg. and he never gave the speech. >> and lincoln also, in the house divided, he says pierce and buchanan are among the four conspirators. >> franklin, james. >> right, yes. preparing this almost gothic house that will imprison america. they are the workman. >> pierce sends a nice condolence letter when willie dies. son asare the loss of a a common bond, one would say. we have people lining up her e or lying down, i'm not sure. [laughter] you have been very patient. go ahead, please. >> how do you reconcile the stories of thomas lincoln interfering with his son's education with sarah lincoln's recollections to herndon the stories were not true? she says that abraham was

if you can find anyone who could produce jefferson davis to talk about ending the war was slavery intact, show me that man. and i will talk to him. but then he drops it in a couple of days. that was the one moment in lincoln's presidency, august 31, when he wavers. then on september 1, atlanta, so we don't have to worry about it anymore. >> you got lucky there. mr. holzer: mcclellan is nominated the day after, he was not as lucky. in our increasingly racialized society, do historians and students of color view reconstruction differently? >> differently from what? >> from each other or from you guys. do you encounter different perspectives or are all our students reading foner, blight, and medford? >> you probably have a lot more students of color than i do, but i find it reflecting the world that we live in today, certain cynicism. the idea that we have been putting forward, that reconstruction was a noble attempt which did not succeed, i think there is more of a sense among students that racism is permanent and therefore, nothing really happened and it is blah blah blah. there is a much

get jefferson davis to talk about ending the war and slavery, show me that anne, and i will talk area and he drops it in a couple of days. i think that was the one moment in lincoln's presidency, august -- 31st, or he didn't have to worry about it. and mcclellan was nominated the day after. was not lucky. and somehistorians --or view reconstruction students of color view reconstruction differently? >> from who? >> from each other. or from you? there -- you probably have a lot more students of find inan i do, but i reflecting the world that we live in today, certain cynicism. it's not to say the idea that we have been putting forward, that reconstruction was a noble attempt which did not succeed, i think there is more of a sense among students that racism is just permanent and therefore, nothing really happened and it is blah blah blah. there is a much more cynical view of all efforts to change race in this country today. david not simply among black : students, among students in general you are tuned to this kind of issue. edna they see it as a simple : answer, that racism is at the c

he got along well with jefferson davis. he was a beleaguered commander, his own subordinates did not like him. he laid out a plan that he wasn't sure was going to work, and he issued these messages through those careers. nothing worked out the way it was supposed to. he was furious, he blended not on the couriers, one got lost and never found the guy who he was supposed to give the orders to, he blamed him! " i sent an order you were supposed to do this, you did not move, you are under arrest." he cashiered and placed many of his subordinates under arrest. that is not really good for an army, when all of your subordinate generals are in the book scout. where this gets to different it -- jefferson davis, he tries to calm down. he says, maybe they didn't do what they are supposed to but can't we let bygones be bygones? the answer was no, i will prosecute these guys and make them pay. this,he is doing all of the federal army that he had just defeated, thanks in large fleeingthis mistake, is back toward chattanooga. >> you can