january 21 the next year jefferson davis resigned from the senate. uary 4 the confederacy was formed. february 11 both lincoln and davis depart for their respective inaugurals. february 18, jefferson davis inaugurated in montgomery. march 4, abraham lincoln inaugurated in washington, d.c. fort sumter was april 12, 1861. then in the second half of our interview, we talked about april 15, abraham linco declared mobilization by proclamation, calling for 75,000 troops. april 4 and april 17, virginia voted on succession, once saying no, the second time yes. it w may 8 that jefferson davis called for 400,000 southern troops for three year terms. and may 20, we confederacy congress moved the capitolrom montgomery to richmond. july 4, lincoln addresses congress talking about malicious and habeas corpus. july 21 was the start of the battle of bull run. and it was january 1, 1863, abraham lincoln issues the emancipation proclamation. and nigel hamilton, that's the day that your book ends. why did you choose to end it there? mr. hamilton: well, we haven't had a

jefferson davis knew that. it is amazing how many works of history related to the civil war simply ignore this. the other side of that coin is that -- he spent more time shooting mosquitoes than indians, so the other side of the coin is that lincoln is totally inexperienced. not just in terms of executive authority, he is basically a country lawyer, he did travel all across illinois and was a very good lawyer but he was just a lawyer, running a little law office with a partner. he was not used to holding command or giving orders and he had absolutely no idea, i can say this is a military historian, absolutely no idea what davis was up to and wanting to seize fort sumter. peter: william steward, lincoln's secretary of state, was being a little sneaky with him, wasn't any dust wasn't he -- wasn't he? nigel: yes. i differ from some historians to say william steward was a great figure. i think of him as a snake in lincoln's cabinet and i am pretty sure lincoln only kept him in the cabinet come only appointed and ke

jefferson davis,ebary 18. roh many years of controversy with our late associates of the nohe states, we have vainly endeavored to secure tranquity and obtain respect for the rights to which we are entitled. a this is us city, not a choice, we have resorted to the remedy of separation, and henceforth our energies must be directed to the conduct of our ow affairs, t this be denied to us, and the integrity of our territory and jurisdiction be assailed, it will but remain for us with firm resolve to appeal to arms and invoke the blessing of providence on a just cause. that was geoff davis. abraham lincoln just jefferson davis. abraham lincoln, i have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. i believe i have no lawful right to do so, and i have no inclination to do so. i reiterate these sentiments, and in doingo only press upon the public attention e most conclusive evidence of which the case is susceptible thathe property, peace, and security o

but from the moment that lincoln said, no, you, jefferson davis and/or commander-in-chief -- and your commander-in-chief, robert e. lee, have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862, like pearl harbor. once you attacked the north, you changed the whe game. >> nigel hamilton with his book lincoln versus davis sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a.

in richmond, virginia, to convict jefferson davis treason. if davis had been exonerated in court was highly likely it would have nullified the united states government's for waging war against the south. so lee devoted last five years of his life to educating the young men of the south. here, his president of washington college. he was an educational innovator. he revamped the schools curriculum, adding classes and modern language journalism, engineering, science, business and law. he inspired the student run honor code, and when he was asked by students what the rules were, he said, young gentlemen, we have but one rule here, and that is that every student must be a gentleman. he turned down offers for far more lucrative, and he responded to one such offer, saying, i'm grateful for the offer, but i have a self-imposed task which i must accomplish. i've led the young men of the battle of the south in battle. i've seen many of them die on the field i shall devote my remaining energies training young men to do their duty in life. after the war,

but from the moment that lincoln said, no, you, jefferson davis and/or commander-in-chief -- and your commander-in-chief, robert e. lee, have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862, like pearl harbor. once you attacked the north, you changed the whe game. >> nigel hamilton with his book lincoln versus davis sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. you can listen to q&a and all of our podcasts on our free c-span now app. .org. host: bart jansen joins us now. i would like to start on the january 6. at this point, is there anyone convicted of some crime related to january 6 that has not had their sentence pardoned or commuted by president trump? guest: i think that is right, the work of the pardon was very broad, basically pardoning anyone with any actions on january 6 at the capital, with the exception of the 14 commutations, and he said he may review those and come back and pardon them. host: what is the difference? guest: pardon his full release from the charges and any punishment stemmed from them, commutation is shortening a sentence. all the peopl

guest: you don't have to go back to jefferson davis. the democrats of the previous administration that just concluded january 20 violated the law in the sense that it is very plain that you cannot consider race or have racial quotas. the supreme court decided that in backing 1978, quotas were unconstitutional. all of the statutes i mentioned before made it clear that you cannot consider race in these decisions. it got to the point where "the new york times" called heritage in late 21 or early 22, i forget which, and said that the administration realizes that by having this raft of laws that are race based, it's violating the law and losing in the courts, so it's going to change the language. so, to do the same thing, that will change the language to serve those communities. they found euphemisms and continue doing it. so yeah, i don't think that we have to go back to, too, to jefferson davis, awful as he was, disgusting as those democrats were, what we just saw it recently was bad enough. i agree with john. host: taking you back one wee

from the moment lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis and your commander-in-chief robert e. lee, have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862. it is the equivalent of pearl harbor for them. once you attack the north, you change the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his book "lincoln versus davis" sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. listen to our podcasts on the free c-span now app. >> c-span, democracy unfiltered. funded by these television companies and more including mediacom. >> nearly 30 years ago mediacom was founded on a powerful idea. bring cutting edge broadband underserved communities from coast-to-coast we connected 850,000 miles of fiber, broke speed barriers, delivered 1 gig speeds as it led the way to a 10g platform and is offering the fastest most reliable network on the go. mediacom, tickets of dedication, delivery. decades ahead. >> mediacom supports c-span along with these other television providers, giving you a front row seat to democracy.

. >> up next, military historian nigel hamilton talks about abraham lincoln and jefferson davis, then british prime minister takes questions during prime minister question time. then the biden foreign policy record a week before the end of his term. >> c-span, democracy funded by these companies and more including sparklight. >> what is good internet? at sparklight we know connection goes way beyond technology from a monday morning meeting to friday night and in between. >> what is great internet? is it strong, fast, reliable? at sparklight, we know connection goes way beyond technology. from mondamorning meetings to friday nights with friends, and everything in between, the best connections are always there right when you need them. so how do you know it is great internet? because it works. we are sparklight, and we are always working for you. >> sparklight supports c-span as a public service, along with these other television

but from the moment lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis, and your commander in chief, robert e.ee, have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862, the equivalent of pearl harbor, if you'd like. once you attacked the north, you changed the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his book "lincoln versus davis." sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on "q&a." listen to our podcasts on our free c-span app. >> democracy, it isn't just an idea, it's a process, a process shaped by leaders elected to the highest offices and entrusted to a select few with guarding its basic principles. it's where debates unfold, decisions are made, and the nation's course is charted. democracy in real time. this is your government at work. this is c-span. giving you your democracy, unfiltered. >> next, former television news anchor kari lake who ran for elected office in 2024 and in 2022 speaks at

but from the moment that lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis, and your commander in chief robert e.ee, have attacked the north which is what they did in september of 1862. the equivalent of pearl harbor if you like. once you attacked the north, you changed the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his book "lincoln vs. davis" sunday night at 8 p.m. eastern on c-span's "q&a." listen to "q&a" and all of our podcasts on our free c-span now app. >> be up-to-date with the latest in publishing with pwaofplt tv's podcast with books. with none fiction book releases and best serl list, and industry news and trends through insider interviews. you can find about books on c-span now, our free mobile app, or wherever you get your podcasts. >> democracy, it isn't just an idea, it's a process. a process shaped by leaders, elected to the highest offices, and entrusted to a select few regarding its -- guarding its basic principles. it's where debates unfold, decisions made, and the nation's course is charted. democracy in real time. this is your government at work. this is c-span. giving you your democ

but, from the moment lincoln said no, you jefferson davis and your commander-in-chief robert e.e attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862. it's the equivalent of pearl harbor. once you attacked the north, u change the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his new book "lincoln versus davis." tonight on c-span skew and day. you can listen to our podcasts on her free c-span now app. >> washington journal continues. host: journalist and professor, author of the new book "a different russia: khrushchev and kennedy on a collision course." start at the end if you would. right when nikita khrushchev learned john f. kennedy had been assassinated he cried. why? guest: it was one of the marvelous interesting in my judgment fascinating aspects of nikita khrushchev that he had a dream and the dream was that if he could sit down with an american president, he figured that he and the president could solve all the problems of the world. all he needed was that opportunity. and he got that opportunity only once in june of 1961 in vienna when they met at the summit, the summit

but, from the moment lincoln said no, you jefferson davis and your commander-in-chief robert e.e attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862. it's the equivalent of pearl harbor. once you attacked the north, you change the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his new book "lincoln versus davis." tonight on c-span skew and day. you can listen to our podcasts on her free c-span now app. >> washington journal continues. host: journalist and professor, author of the new book "a different russia: khrushchev and kennedy on a collision course." start at the end if you would. right when nikita khrushchev learned john f. kennedy had been assassinated he cried. why? guest: it was one of the marvelous interesting in my judgment fascinating aspects of nikita khrushchev that he had a dream and the dream was that if he could sit down with an american president, he figured that he and the president could solve all the problems of the world. all he needed was that opportunity. and he got that opportunity only once in june of 1961 in vienna when they met at the summit, the summ

but from the moment that lincoln said no you jefferson davis and your commander in chief robert e. lee have attacked the north which is what they did in september of 1862. equivalent of pearl harbor, if you like. once you attack the north, you change the wholeame. >> nigel hamilton with his book lincoln versus davis sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. you can listen to q&a and all of our podcasts on free c-span now app. >> democracy, it isn't just an idea, it's a process, a process shaped by leaders, elect today the highest offices and entrusted to a select few regarding its basic principcanle. it's where debates unfold, decisions are made and the nation's course is chartered. democracy in realtime. this is your government at work. this is c-span giving you your democracy unfiltered. >> israeli presi

forever with a history major, did a master's, my first book was about winnie davis, the daughter of jefferson davis who goes rogue and becomes engaged to the grandson of a famous abolitionist. my second book was the league of wives, about p.o.w. and mia wives during vietnam and that led me to mrs. nagin because -- nixon because they had so much crossover with president jackson and then presidentix who was the one who gives them more of a platform to speak about their husbands and then i ran across stories -- pictures of mrs. nixon with the p.o.w. wives and i thought, i do not know anything about her. one book always tends to lead to the next and i am also a curator so my most recent show i curated for senator bob dole and the dole institute and it was about the p.o.w. and mia wives and i traveled for four years across the country and a quarter of a one million people so i so that was exciting. peter: how do you approach the daughters of a u.s. president? is it a cold call? heath: i know some cold calls work very well. once you have written a couple of books, sometimes you have a bit of a platform,

i want to say that andrew johnson pardoned jefferson davis, who was the president of the confederacy, after after starting the civil war. and the reason why he did it is because you have to put the country in a position where we're going forward, not backwards. >> there is there is also. >> an arthur is at the table. is there not a principle of the justice system of deterrence? and that punishments so serve both as a punishment and as a deterrent? you're probably maybe the wrong person to ask. >> no no no no no no. when you go to federal, when you go to federal court. and which i'll be doing on friday on a sentencing, there's like seven things that a judge has to take into account when he sentences someone or she sentences someone, and one of them is specific deterrence. whether you're going to deter that individual from committing those crimes and then general deterrence, the message that you're sending out to society that if you commit this crime, this is the punishment you're going to face. so it is a big piece of it. but the president, it's one of the few parts of government where

but from the moment lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis, and your commander in chief, robert e.e north, which is what they did in september of 1862, the equivalent of pearl harbor, if you'd like. once you attack the north, you changed the whole game. >> nigel hamilton with his book "lincoln versus davis, sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's "q&amendment. listen to all our podcasts on the free c-span now app. >> c-span, democracy unfiltered. we're funded by these television companies and more. including wow. >> the world has changed. today a fast internet connection is something no one can live without. wow is there for our customers with speed, reliability and choice. now more than ever it all starts with great internet. >> wow supports c-span as a publicervice, along with these other television providers. giving you a front row seat to democracy. >> president trump met with families in north carolina who were affected by last year's hurricane helene as his first domestic trip before taking office. before meeting with local residents, the president also got a briefing f

until then, jefferson davis had been allowed by lincoln to frame the war as a noble, white, southernndence. pure and simple. but from the moment that lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis, and your commander-in-chief robert e. lee have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862, the equivalent of pearl harbor. once you attack the north you change the game. >> nigel hamilton, sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. listen to q&a and our podcasts and are free c-span now app. -- on our free c-span now app. >> democracy. it isn't just an idea. it's a process shaped by leaders, elected to the highest offices and entrusted to a select few in guarding its basic principles. it is where decisions are made in the nation's course is charted. democracy in real-time. this is your government at work. this is c-span, giving you your democracy unfiltered. >> washington journal continues. host: welcome back. we are in open forum for the duration of today show -- today's show. on c-span2, the senate has gaveled in for more legislative -- more action today. they are expe

until then, jefferson davis had been allowed by lincoln to frame the war as a noble, white, southern for independence. pure and simple. but from the moment that lincoln said no, you, jefferson davis, and your commander-in-chief robert e. lee have attacked the north, which is what they did in september of 1862, the equivalent of pearl harbor. once you attack the north you change the game. >> nigel hamilton, sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. listen to q&a and our podcasts and are free c-span now app. -- on our free c-span now app. >> democracy. it isn't just an idea. it's a process shaped by leaders, elected to the highest offices and entrusted to a select few in guarding its basic principles. it is where decisions are made in the nation's course is charted. democracy in real-time. this is your government at work. this is c-span, giving you your democracy unfiltered. >> washington journal continues. host: welcome back. we are in open forum for the duration of today show -- today's show. on c-span2, the senate has gaveled in for more legislative -- more action today. th

guest: you don't have to go back to jefferson davis.emocrats of the previous administration that just concluded january 20 violated the law in the sense that it is very plain that you cannot consider race or have racial quotas. the supreme court decided that in backing 1978, quotas were unconstitutional. all of the statutes i mentioned before made it clear that you cannot consider race in these decisions. it got to the point where "the new york times" called heritage in late 21 or early 22, i forget which, and said that the administration realizes that by having this raft of laws that are race based, it's violating the law and losing in the courts, so it's going to change the language. so, to do the same thing, that will change the language to serve those communities. they found euphemisms and continue doing it. so yeah, i don't think that we have to go back to, too, to jefferson davis, awful as he was, disgusting as those democrats were, what we just saw it recently was bad enough. i agree with john. host: taking you back one week, hak

he takes a seat of the former president of the confederate states of america, jefferson davis. that's his seat. and we call that irony where i come from. sumner is in the middle of all of that, which is why i call this it's a biography. it's my first biography, but i really call this a biography a fickle history. yes, sumner is like the modern day forrest. i mean, of 19th century forrest gump. he's in the middle of all of these events. he pushes so many of them. he really is the voice. he is the conscience of the north. he is the strongest. the clearest. the bold, the most unwavering anti-slavery, equal rights voice in the states of america for 20 years. that voice does not belong to william lloyd garrison, does not belong to lincoln, does not belong to maria weston, does not even belong to frederick douglass. it belongs to charles sumner. i put charles sumner in this incredible small but influential of non-presidential ents in american. that small benjamin franklin alexander. susan b, anthony. martin luther king jr. charles sumner rounds out that starting five right there. i t

he talks about the military face-off between abraham lincoln and jefferson davis during the civil war. keir starmer addresses questions related to health care, safety, and the united kingdom's relationship with the united states during his weekly questions session before the house of commons and later, marco rubio was sworn in as u.s. secretary of state by jd vance. ♪ >> c-span's washington journal. our live forum involving you to discuss the latest issues in government, politics, and public policy. from washington and across the country, coming up monday morning, -- of the american enterprise institute analyzes president trump's return to the white house and potential second term challenges. and then politico reporter adam reports on white house news of the day and previews the week ahead. also, auto reporter jeff gilbert of ww day news radio -- wwj news radio discusses the electric vehicle industry. join in the conversation at 7:00 eastern monday morning on c-span, c-span now, or online at c-span.org. this week on the c-span networks , the house is out as house republicans hold annu

. >> jack davis wrote a gulf history saying control of gulf sand and water has also been at the heart of some of our country's most pivotal events including thomas jefferson'sse in 1803. colonel andrew jackson's victories during the war of 1812. ♪ >> maybe not so iranically nationalism has played in gulf politics. >> that's right. unfortunately nationalism has had some significant cost. we turned the gulf into a giant oil field. we've over developed this coast. >> he says history is history. what matters now is sending a message to the future. >> to our children and grandchildren who we are, who we were and always been and who we will continue to be, america first. we need to be first. >> a need many are interpreting in many different ways. back to you, dana and bill. >> bill: