jason addressed old jim crow convictions. if not, what's the hold on that we have not we, we've, we've developed the civil rights division with our office to go through all of them . we and we're still working through that process because it, it would be a, a compound at tragedy. for example, if we had pushed mister germain hudson into a plea deal to just get him out of jail for a crime, and he did not commit even worse for crime that never even occurred. so we are reviewing all of these cases, but we're reviewing them for wrongful conviction. and not just assuming that a parson was guilty, what to piggyback on what nick was saying. i am absolutely convinced me a glass half full glass, half empty. you have, i am very happy to have a glass and be very happy to be able to build off of the work that promise started . i'm convinced that this work will be catalytic. i think that once the human mind is stretched, it doesn't revert back to its original form or its own way of thinking. and i think we not, not just we, in this office,

jim crow never really went to way. what so push back your thoughts about that and how are you trying to make sure that the past these not being repeated in the present? well, he's absolutely right. racism and sexism for that matter really found very fertile land here in this soil. you know, the rest of the country outside of oregon realize that and we're talking about unanimous juries today. but that is just one example of how racism is baked into the system. there are a number of other situations and circumstances in which people have m m m rad promise is broken in terms of plea deals, folks known as 10, sixers or, or the forgotten men. there's the over use. are there mitchell been to law and predominately black parish? she's so he is absolutely right. and the racism and sexism is in the system by design. and it is designed that there is protection and service to one demographic and controlling over policing and over prosecuting for another demographic. this is, it is very american, but it is up to us to begin to addr

all the shortsre are, only jim crow was alive. story doesn't quite in their in 1946 step of his effort to address it clan and then on the far right, two of his staff members, what is in a clan question prayed in 1946, the clan stepped up an effort to terrorize black homeowners and this prompted kenny to continue his investigation with clan. that year 1946, the clan burned homes of many black homeowners and in california and also burn crosses out of the jewish attorney in usa because the fraternity had supported it in evangelistic covenants predict and in 1946, he began calling clan members into his office pretty but again the rate and the results were disheartening for those seeking justice for the shorts. no evidence was found on vigilante activity to be directed at the african community and fontana, or against mr. short personally. many people wondered they had response to the murders was linked to him running for governor that year and he went up against earl warren and he succeeded. but what kenny did do, with the help of an a

all the shorts are dead, only jim crow is alive. the story doesn't quite and fair because jimmy in 1946 stepped up efforts to investigate the client. you have penny here on the far right with two members, one is in a clan costume. 1946, the client step up efforts to terrorize black homeowners in this cost to continue the investigation. that year in 1946, the client and the homes of many black homeowners across socal, and also burned a jewish fraternity at usc because the fraternity put in and in spring of 1946, they began calling clan members into his office but again the results were disheartening for those seeking justice for the shorts. he found no evidence of so-called vigilante activity and directed efforts to the american community and fontana were against mr. short personally. many people wondered about the response linked to running government that year, he ran against earl warren but what it did do with the help of an l.a. security court judge was revoked charges of the ku klux klan making it unlawful for the organization t

all the shorts are dead, only jim crow was alive. now the story does not point and there because in 1946, stepped up the effort to investigate the clan. and on the far right, two of his staff members, one is in a clan costume. 1946, the clan stepped up its effort to terrorize black homeowners. this caused him to continue the investigation of the plan. that year 1946, the clan burn crosses and homes of many black homeowners across southern california and also for the jewish fraternity and because the fraternity with the covenants trinity and in 1946, they began calling clan members into his office. but again, the result were disheartening for those seeking justice for the shorts found no evidence of so-called vigilante activity to be directed at the african-american community in fontana, or against mr. short, personal late. many people wondered if it were responsive to the murders which was linked to being governor that year. he was succeeded but what he did do, was the help of an la superior court judge was to revoke the ku-klux clan

imagine people who really suffered under jim crow.it in a compartment or in the bus and they had to drink out of a separate water fountain, they couldn't go to the same schools. these are people now looking and being told that an i.d. voter requirement for example is the jim crow of the 21st century. it is a real insult to people who lived under jim crow. >> laura: dinesh, thank you. good to see you tonight. tell me if you've heard this one before, anthony padgett and francis collins lied about their efforts to fund gain-of-function research at that wuhan lab. the congressman who forced the nih to fess up is here and has breaking news, in moments. ♪ ♪ >> you gave them money and you said don't do gain-of-function research. >> correct. >> and they said, we won't. >> correct. >> dr. fauci, do you still support a finding of the nih funding of the lab in wuhan? >> senator paul, with all due respect, you are entirely and completely incorrect that the nih has not ever and does not now fund gain-of-function research in the wuhan institute. >>

does justice differed from the 17th century in 2021 we cover slavery aftermath, reconstruction, jim crow, the dismantle of jim crow modern-day problems including criminal justice, voting rights and affirmative action. armand you want to pick up their. >> the supreme court people my age think of the supreme court of the segregation to protect the rights of free speech and so forth but it turns out as we look at it even to the supreme court ruling from a very short period from the early 1970s before that time the supreme court had a god-awful record and provoked jim crow even after the passage of the reconstruction to create equal rights et cetera. the court was moving backwards in the last decade rapidly rapidly backwards away the rest of the nation wants to go, it's the supreme court left us with what we look at. >> thank you this would probably go to berdin or armand, one of the things in the book that struck me talking about affirmative action and i think in the book that you mentioned that president kennedy was the first one to call it affirmative action but affirmative action has bee

we will hear from eddie ferguson, a black man who overcame the jim crow to become a successful maybe diver and you wouldn't see this as the pandemic raged. but we're in a better spot now on our sports

so they go north and south to escape jim crow. and what the primary response to black people in large numbers wherever they landed was to contain them and hyper segregated neighborhoods, and to disinvest in those neighborhoods, making them much worse than other places. i guarantee you the folks who live in the hood, i guarantee you that overwhelmingly those folks are descendents of the enslaved. there's a continuum, a direct continuum which i just described. >> that's really important to talk about. not a lot of people do make those connections, and i think it's again a very appropriate term. so -- >> i want to finish the second half of your question. you asked why i featured them in the chapter. thank you for noticing that. every chapter opens with, it features a a character or twod i tried to get their picture, a lot of them, i wanted to humanize my people, , black people. we are three-dimensional human beings. many of the people i feature are people who overcame something that inspired me, right? so i've i have photographs. i t

i wanted to see the connection from jim crow to iconic segregation black ghettos, black hoods. and because it just seemed like each time we put to bed one institution, we created another. so supremacy still manifests and the structures change and the ideology around it changes. so that's what -- that is one reasons i wrote it. i had to find something ambitious to say so to the my alma mater but the other thing i have been passionate my entire life about and i guess it's for my family, comes from civil rights family in alabama about low income black people and how they are in the society, how they are treated not just white but middle and upper class blacks. well, you get the point. i feel passionate and i call the folks trapped in black neighborhoods descendants in resignation of the connection, two descendants of slavery and as i said in the introduction. i see them with love and i wrote this book to humanize them and to advocate for them. >> well, cheryl, i have to say your lecture was impressive and this book is really impressive. it is the total package, you combine histori

[laughter] >> or jim crow. jesse, way back here in the room at the back we are going to take our last question. then we will get into the book signing. going to reiterate we cannot take photos and personalization that this book signing. could be the fastest book signing we a have ever done. just like this is the largest crowd ever had very. >> it is para last question. >> hi jesse my name is chris but i have a question i have a fox network justify calling arizona provided in the last election of 2020? >> you saved the best for last. [laughter] >> that was a decision obviously i have nothing to do it that so don'te blame me. [laughter] [laughter] [laughter] bring up the q-tips. >> ladies and judgment thank you. let's give our speakers another hand. [applause] and of course, of course our guest come to the nixon library for the lavish gifts that we give them. so tonight we are giving jesse this commander-in-chief cap. because he is a commander-in-chief of comedy. >> there we go. there we go. thank you all very mu

. >> to be sure, the democratic party of the jim crow south had its own legacy of voter suppression. doing whatever they could to stop black citizens from voting, like implementing poll taxes that required everyone to pay a fee for the right to vote. >> coming out of reconstruction, you've got massive sharecropping. you've gotendemic covert in the black community. and so a lot of jim crow legislation was written that way, not racially defined but racially targeted. >> it's exactly the same strategy we're seeing today with targeting methods of voting and the election administration of counties where large populations of minority voters reside. >> it's designed not to catch fraud. but it is designed to deter and dissuade particularly minorities and poor people and young people from voting. >> so a system that the former president called rigged is being changed in a way that you say actually is rigged. >> oh, absolutely. >> now, new laws in key states are not only impacting access to the ballot, but also what happens after the voting. power is being taken away from career election offic

the solution in the south was a system of jim crow laws.regation as a way to keep society and social order. the way in which this culture became within the first half century after the war an american north/south reunion without racial justice left a deep set of legacies we are of course still struggling with, and every time we think we have so much of this put aside, we suddenly are reminded that we don't. the only way today we'll see a new, more inclusive reunion of americans is if there is a coalition of interest that stops looking only at their own individual interests and sees themselves in these four or five issues and sees themselves in other people. okay. >> we're just going to record this. and then if you could change the frame too. there you go. if i were going to make a movie about you, what do you want me to make sure that i include? >> i want you to show, like, the great things that i'm capable of. yeah, i'm -- if i say something, do say so myself, i'm a great football player, but almost -- but also i'm smart in the classroom.

you can have your president, if we can have jim crow. that was astonishing to me. that was discovering something about america i never knew. >> you consus your wife. you consulted other historians, known historians especially the society of doris goodwin, jon meacham, walter isaacson. >> uh-huh. >> how did you pick and choose? who didn't make the cut? >> that's an interesting question. what is more interesting is the people i missed, i wish i'd been able to write about andrew johnson, for instance. didn't get around to him. >> would you be willing to read one of my favorites for us? >>sure. you get to pick. >> "boxweed" perhaps at the end -- >> uh-huh -- yep. >> this is called "nasty business" the tale of boxweed and not box weed and his opposite number thomas nast, the cartoonist who brought him down. the subject that was particularly dear to my heart since i ---ants since you illustrated. >> since i illustrated the book, t too. >> exactly. the perfect. >> we now introduce the aforesaid cartoonist who brought down the boss like a punctured balloonist. the depictio

when we say we've fixed the law, we've called it a jim crow law. but we refused to acknowledge that there are people who are carrying the weight of this. and we refuse to take that weight off of their shoulders. there are no black republicans here, right? so when a node it that the people that this would benefit don't look like them, likely big groping. and mabel is likely don't know, anyone make a contact them, they'll care about it. so i'm, you can eliminate that the racial element because i would guarantee you if 80 percent of the folks that we were talking about were white, the bill would have passed period if brandon jackson can't get help with the state legislature, his only hope is back in both parish, the district attorney here could agree to look at his case again, but very few days throughout the state have agreed to re examine old cases. so we are back at the bowser court house. we've been trying to get in touch with sta multiple times and he's not returning any of our messages. so we're gonna see if he's here, maybe we can find them her

we know that the origins of this law go back to, you know, jim crow times and, and in this case these it was, it worked exactly like it was it intended to, to, to, to mute the voices of these black jurors. well, i wasn't here, i'm not disputing original law. well, i think all of that got a lot of action. what's the legislature and in order to enroll, you can ok, i'm handing time in our history and i get all that and i do believe in our juries is too late use. for the most part, they get it right. you scores. what the facts on i'm giving you details about this one particular case because this is the one that i've been looking at and that i'm interested in. does this sound like the kind of case that you would be willing to go back and look at and retry sure? sure, i don't have a problem with that. his name was returned in jackson, brandon jackson, jack's and if you could look into brandon jackson's case and give me a call back, i would really appreciate that. i'll call you back. thank you, sir. have a great. i have a great weekend, bye bye bye. more than 3 weeks later, in a letter to fa

describing the changes in the a lot t in the last year at the local level has he returned to jim crow. that is ridiculous as any fair-minded person really looking out with jim crow word in the process and recognized. now reasonable minds can disagree on any of these changes. p you can argue whether or not voter id is good or bad and there are points to be met him period on —- to be made on both sides. but the reality is the huge percentage of thehe electorate democrat and republican and white and black new voter id laws with a reasonable effort and with the voting rights bill is not a genuine effort in my opinion but it is an effort to result in a lack of confidence in the system that is already shaken. that may have been unfair but we are where we are and so what congress should be doing and looking for is if we need to make changes it should be coming from both parties and we need to recognize there is a lack of confidence so what is of vital importance more than anything else is that the winners when and equally important the rational supporters and the losers but everything else i

someone who had lived through the jim crow south, when he was courting his wife alma in alabama going back and forth to his home and having to drive through as we know from books and from films since, what it was like to drive through and not be able to stop for hotel or for food or bathrooms, because of the jim crow south for fear of being attacked. and still, this as a veteran, as a soldier, coming back from vietnam, not being able to be served in fort benning, georgia where he trained as an infantry soldier. named by dick cheney but falling out with them later in the bush '43 white house because he privately opposed the iraq war. and fought against it internally, but privately, which was his want. and then i was with him, of course, at that february 2003 u.n. speech where he lent his credibility to the u.s. and to the world, unwittingly. and i know this for a fact. i was with him before, during, after, when he had gone to langley for two days, for the weekend before that speech in new york and had gone through all the evidence with george tenet and believed he had, as he put it, sc

he knows his party can only win if they resurrect jim crow. i wish kevin mccarthy gave a damn in working parties -- families or infra structure. i wish i could tell you he is working to cut a deal with democrats but he is too busy catering with conspiracy theorists and insurrectionists in his party. i wish these republican governors were serious about keeping our kids safe during a pandemic. i've got two little boys at home who are not old enough yet to be vaccinated. one of them right now is quarantined because a kid in his class got covid. their safety is always my top priority and i can't tell you how much time i have spent, how many hours of sleep my wife and i have lost thinking about covid protocols and their protection. i know it is the same for families across this country. you think that would mean something to greg abbott or henry mcmaster or ron desantis, instead, they are giving in to anti-vaxxers. i don't think there is a single thing these clowns would not do or say if it meant took across and would say nice things about them on

he knows his party can only win if they resurrect jim crow. i wish kevin mccarthy gave a damn in working parties -- families or infra structure. i wish i could tell you he is working to cut a deal with democrats but he is too busy catering with conspiracy theorists and insurrectionists in his party. i wish these republican governors were serious about keeping our kids safe during a pandemic. i've got two little boys at home who are not old enough yet to be vaccinated. one of them right now is quarantined because a kid in his class got covid. their safety is always my top priority and i can't tell you how much time i have spent, how many hours of sleep my wife and i have lost thinking about covid protocols and their protection. i know it is the same for families across this country. you think that would mean something to greg abbott or henry mcmaster or ron desantis, instead, they are giving in to anti-vaxxers. i don't think there is a single thing these clowns would not do or say if it meant took across and would say nice things about them on

the jim crow convictions on al jazeera in germany's capital. there is a barber like no other equity to have them for a mock basra, what years. but as his city changes, he's moving with and going on the roads. the stories we don't often hear told by the people who lived in the master barbara of berlin. this is europe anal 0, lou i molly inside and doha, with the headlines on al jazeera, you and says, you general antonio terrace has asked nations to urgently inject cash into afghanistan's economy. the countries in the midst of a humanitarian crisis that's already affecting half the population. good terrorist praise the efforts of 8 agencies, but said it wasn't enough already before the tale, monthly covey, norquist afghanistan's for the child economy, which has been kept afloat by foreign aid. over the past 20 years, suffered from the invective drop and quote.

as i think any fair-minded person really looking at what jim crow was like, and the process then, would recognize. now reasonable minds can disagree on any of these changes. you can argue whether or not voter i.d. is good or bad and there are points to be made on both sides. but the reality is a huge percentage of the electorate, democrat, republican, white, and black, view voter i.d. laws as being reasonable. reasonable effort at protecting the system. yet, this process we're looking at in both the house bill election law bills and the voting rights bill is not a genuine effort in my opinion to improve the system. it is an effort that would result in a lack of confidence in a system that's already changen. now the process of shaking the system's confidence may have been unfair but we are where we are. and so what congress should be doing and should be looking for is if we need to make changes it needs to be something coming from both parties. we need to recognize that there are a lack of confidence in a significant portion of the electorate out there and we need to be confident. what's

we had jim crow so helpless again understand is it just a matter of focus? >> first i don't think i'm mischaracterizing the roadmap. i would encourage people to look atld those questions about group identity and what they are asking little kids. >> it's not about group identity and it's not a phrase used in the roadmap. they are all kinds of groups but it's not about group identity. >> the distinction how do i know i'm part of a group, you don't think into classroom practice as the discussion proceeds you could say i'm part of a soccer team, okay, fine but as we proceed to see everyone looks more and more at the breakdown and you'll find european-american, african-americans, to different minorities being consistent vision of the american people. it is built-in. i am sure in a discussion in second grade when group memberships come up do you really think this demographic identity will not be part of this discussion? >> let me get in to the q&a part. why is it that you think teachers are teaching all of this and that's gotten a lot of votes.s. you spend your ca