african-americans only african-americans were red line for a bit in from well not just only but for it were jim jim crow wasn't alone i was saying policies or something because i don't know just quickly then finally to. those struggling communities in america below the poverty line with rampant crime if however it's.

african-americans only african-americans were red line for a bit in from well not just only but for it were jim jim crow as you know now with some policies or some things because i don't know just quickly then finally to. those struggling communities in america below the poverty line with rampant crime if however it's packaged up if there was a chance of investment or money coming in to try and get those people out of poverty you would say no because it looks like a political token. it's a political game it won't happen first of all he came pain promise there are plenty of government programs out there data given to these low income communities they're not used properly really what it does he keep these communities in a dependent state and unable to never able to get out if you like ms everett and say we've been beholden to the democratic party for a long while fifty years or more with no positive results in a year nine hundred sixty we had eighty percent superior how so ray in one nine hundred sixty during all of these races medication what is the name now we have nearly a seventy three percent single

rolled back, if you will, the progress that had been made after the civil war, brought about jim crow. after jimty, promoted a dependency society which broke up black families and undermined black social mobility which had, actually, before the great society had been celebrated. trish: pretty good, no -- >> we were entering into the middle class. so it's ironic as heck that the democrats are promoting reparations. maybe the democratic party itself -- [laughter] trish: i guess, yeah, clearly. >> [inaudible] trish: david -- [laughter] i mean, part of the problem with this, and i think that niger hit the nail on the held when he said they promoted policies that effectively kept the african-american community dependent. you look at the native american community, for example, in the united states of america and the reservations that we set up where we gave them land and we gave them certain tax breaks and, unfortunately, in z many of those communities you see very, very high crime rates, you see a struggle still in those communities for people to adapt ask if to move into the middle class -- and to m

. >> field jim crow is no new jim crow. >> donald trump is tearing the moral fabric of this country apartdeas how to fix it with your tax money. no government program is too ambitious or expensive for consideration. >> we are going to create a medicare for all single-payer program, healthcare is a human right, not a privilege. >> i have proposed what will be the first in the history of our country federal investment. in teacher pay. >> if you are elected president in such a bill was passed would you sign the bill for reparations? >> yes i would. >> war and briefly mentioned taking the wealthiest americans and taxing them to pay for her plan to provide childcare for free. our sharpton drew a dozen 2020 hopefuls to universally praised him and lamented gaps in black wealth and homeownership saying stats donald trump pointed to don't matter, the unemployment rate forever, americans is dropped from 7.9%, to 6.7 and average weekly income is up $37 which is that all that happened at sharpton's convention it would do little to change the political conversation but the 2020 hopefuls were not the o

. >> the old jim crow is now a new jim crow. >> president trump is tearing the moral fabric of this country>> big ideas on how to fix it, with your tax money. in fact, it appeared no government program was too ambitious or too expensive for consideration. >> we are going to create a medicare for all single payer program. health care is a human right, not a privilege. >> i have proposed what will be the first in the history of our country, federal investment in closing teacher pay. >> if you are elected president and such a bill was passed, would you sign the bill for reparations. >>e in, i would. >> warren briefly mentioned taking the wealthiest americans and taxing them to pay for her plan to provide child care for free. sharpton pulled a full dozen 2020 hopefuls who praised the reverend, trashed the president, and lamented the gaps in black wealth and homeownership saying the stats that president trump pointed to don't matter. the inemployment rate for african-americans has dropped from 7.9% to 6.7% and average weekly income is up $37. if that's all that had happened, it would have done l

jim crow situations. in the book, douglass was jim crowed more times than you could count. can i end with one click story? uh,s ur sure, why not? again, he got jim crowed so many times. early on, he would act without rage and he would get thrown out of hotels and trains. later on, if he was stopped in the dining room of a hotel, this is in the north, and he was told you cannot eat in the dining room, you must eat in the kitchen. he was stand up and he would as loudly as he could, where do you feed your dog's, where are the dogs, i will each with the dogs. pretty soon everybody is coming to his aid. and they are saying, you know, mr. proprietor, let the man ate in the dining hall. no, i will eat with the dogs, where are they? pretty soon, the whole place, at lease the way he told it, the whole place was a chorus, let and eat here. it dinner not always work. it did not work on steamers. youyou are on a steamer and you have nowhere else to to go but down to the lower deck, you know. um, anyway. yeah, he had a kind of green book, without it being green. so -- thank you. [applaus

two brothers living in jacksonville florida which is a city under the yoke of jim crow and cosmopolitan even with jim crow with the most aggressive forms of racism also extraordinary flourishing schools are created so with they call the promise of reconstruction but also the incredible blossoming. so part of this led me that i understood they did not get the context why the song was important and i began to build an archive and where they have their papers with 27 odd documents i created an archive that was 27000 from the black cultural institutions so i looked at school programs and curriculum, short stories and what emerged is it was a song associated with socialization of children as figures who have a noble history and a sense of responsibility to the larger community and also either a daily or weekly practice of people staying to gather talking about in north carolina they would stand on the front porch every day when school began with hope and aspiration and highly connected to negro history week from negro history month so with that political significance of the song that wasn't a coincidence

understand how the legislate i achievements and sort of a gap between the removal of jim crow, for example, and the legacies that jimlready made possible. we had to get a more understanding of structural inequality. a lot of our politics and political conversation tries to push towards race neutrality and color blindness when we know from the evidence and from the history that still matters. part of what i think about reparations, if we can think of a good example of that political cartoon with two houses on fire and people are putting water on one that is not burning and not necessarily putting water on the the one that is. we have to investment into these communities and individuals that have been historically neglected because it's not just about equality. it's equity. that's distinct from equality. equity tries to make up for the historical gap. it's structured throughout society be it in residential segregation, mortgage first of all fraud, education inequality and so forth. even if reparations weren't given to individuals, we could make the case for how institutions could be targeted as well. >> i'm just going

jim crow situations. if you've read the book, you know this. douglass was jim crow-ed more times than he could ever count. and with time, he began to process it through humor. can i end on one quick story? ah, sure. [ laughter ] he got, again, jim crow-ed so many times. his earlier years, he's react with physical outrage, when he'd get thrown off trains or thrown out of hotels. later on, if he was stopped in a dining room of a hotel somewhere -- and this was in the north -- and he was told, you can't eat in the dining room, you must eat in the kitchen, he would often just stand up and as loudly in that booming bare i tone, as he could, where two you feed the dogs? i'll eat with the dogs. where are the dogs? and pretty soon, everybody in the dining hall is kind of coming to his aid. mr. proprietor, let the man eat in the dining hall. no. i'll eat with the dogs. it's all right. give me the dogs. where are they? and pretty soon the whole place is -- well, at least the way he told it. the whole place was a chorus, let him eat here. let him eat here, you know. it di

book "stoney the road: reconstruction, white supremacy and the rise of jim crowe "and dark sky rising: reconstruction and the dawn of jimyour projects on reconstruction because it is one of the least understood parts of american history. it was an exhilarating time, yes, right after the war but soon became a terrifying time. explain why you got involved in this project. >> well, did you study reconstruction when you were in school? >> not enough. >> no. we somehow cut to martin luther king and the civil rights movement. if lincoln freed the slaves, why do we need a civil rights movement? what has happened set the history of reconstruction, the glorious period of america's second founding. remember lincoln's phrase the new birth of freedom. this glorious period between 1865 and 1877 has been lost to many of our history books. during that time, 16 black men were elected to the congress including two united states senators. black people got the -- black men got the right to vote. in the summer of 1867 which i call freedom summer, 80.5% of the freed slaves registered to vote in 10 of 11 confederate states. think about that.

jim crow and then spread and got more organized. there has been a very successful counter civil rights movement that has led to what michelle alexander calls new jim crow. it is not a linear process, to be sure. the most significant change comes from below. relationship building is key. we have studies. if you know someone of a different religion, you are much less likely to be prejudiced toward that community. if i have a personal relationship with someone who is jewish, i am less likely to be anti-semitic. there are caveats to that and that has to do with whether me being less anti-semitic translates into political action . how do you affect individual change when individuals are changing their opinions, but policies are not changing? has traveledho around the united states and abroad on this issue, the most successful instance since i have seen a pushing back against islamophobia in a political sense have come from coalitions that include muslims as significant partners and have been around not for a few years, but decades and have really established deep roots in the community and been doing this work long-term. few audience want me to talk ab

jim crow. as it spread it got more organized. has been 1960's, there a successful counter civil rights movement that existed that led it to what is called the new jim crow. is not a linear process to be sure. i think the most significant change comes from below. i agree that relationship building is key. we have studies on this, if you know someone of a different religion from your own, you are much less likely to be prejudiced against that community. if i know someone who is jewish, i am less likely to be anti-semitic. there are caveats to those there is, and a lot of it has to do with me being less anti-semitic, if it translates into significant political action. how do you affect political change when individuals are changing their opinions the policies are not changing? had we challenge that into political movements? as a someone who is traveled around the united states and abroad on this topic, the most successful instances i have seen of pushing back against islamophobia effectively in the political sense have come from include partners that have been around not for a few years but easily for decades. they have really established deep roots i

. >> the cold -- old jim crow is a new jim crowe. >> and we bring in ross, we appreciate it.ome back to the show. no question that those lines play well in a place like boulder. the president's lines play well in colorado springs. who wins denver? >> well, denver is a very blue place these days, leland. so i'd have to think the president will have a hard time in denver, itself. the rest of the state and the rest of the country though, in a way, it reminds me of eight years ago when the economy was basically okay and the republicans were saying that under obama it wasn't. and people go with their real experiences and i think that trump has an even better economic case to make than president obama did, so, you know, i think it's a mistake for democrats to be arguing, no, don't believe your own eyes, don't believe your own experience, don't believe the fact. leland: it's a question that ronald reagan asked, if you're better off four years ago, vote for jimmy carter, if not, vote for me. they voted for ronald reagan and four years after that chose reagan against because the econo