but it is -- it is about the john adams, the younger man, the one on the right is the john adams of the 1760s when bess 40 years old. i love this portrait of him because he's kinds of giving us a little bit of side eye here, kinds of showing a little bit of playfulness that i think reflects that -- if we were to go back and looks at these things like i did what would we find? we would not find that the war has nothing to do with the argumentation of what the revolution is about. it would not be something that is affected from 1760 to 1775, by that which he means this is about natural rights, common consent, about representation, it is about ideology, and it's done by the start of the war. that notion has had a particularly strong his torrio graphical effect. why? well, where do we find that letter? we find that letter here, of course n this book, which i can't see how many people -- participants are in this session but i would bet that just about everybody has read in book. that letter appears before chapter 1 -- or before page 1 in chapter 1's book the revolution. it also appears that

about the john adams of a younger man. and that is this is the one on the right is the john adams of the 1760s when he's about 40 years old and he's i love this this portrait of him because he's kind of giving us a little bit of side eye here. he's kind of he's kind of showing a little bit of playfulness and that i think reflects that if we were to go back and look at these things like i did what would we find? we would not find that the war has nothing to do with the argumentation of what the revolution is about. it would not be something that is affected from 1760 to 1775 by that which he means this is about natural rights. this is about consent. this is about representation. it's about ideology and it's done by the start of the war that notion. has had a particularly strong historia graphical effect, and why well, where do we find that letter? we find that letter here, of course in this book, which i don't i can't see some how many people participants are are in this session, but i would bet that just about everybody ha

so the work that john ament das and sam adams are doing, that sunday night in the print shop goes all over the place. they really do figure out this is a really important ingredient to revolutionary mobilization. so john ament das when he's in philadelphia, he will write letters back home and say put this in the newspaper. this photograph not this paragraph. give that one to the printer. those will appear in boston newspapers under the anonymous headline of from a gentleman in philadelphia to his friend in boston. and you have no way of knowing that's him writing to another patriot leader. we begin to see the ark it canture of these things and how they then get put in. so there's a management to this whole thing. that there are no reporters or journalists in the 18th century. the only way in which they appear in the newspaper is if someone gives their correspondence to the printer orb printed that come across the ocean or they are taken from someone else's newspaper exchange. so these things are -- there's a directness to this. it's not accidental and it's not. so i think that's an im

and margarita slide it takes too much time but the issue here is it falls apart john adams one of the founding fathers recall them. said the democracies die by committing suicide seldom by outside intervention they commit suicide. read the papers. the next k. someone to bring up your it is this the here is. how did the democracy of the weimar republic after world war one. descendant in the world of gear to and shalane and great german philosophers how to become the world of hitler and himmler in paris france. and so how did these people the most educated people on earth how do they fall for hitler what was the origin of that. so how did this occur. and essence could draw from that in our own life. now the second point. is the us system how many do you think the us is a democracy with your hands. put him up really high realize shout. well established up for it i guess we agreed what. do you have any of your favorite oil to. the data is not encouraging this is from one of the other great stories american boxer by two of the best political scientists observe this and they say that your o

and margarita slide it takes too much time but the issue here is it falls apart john adams one of the founding fathers recall them. said the democracies die by committing suicide seldom by outside intervention they commit suicide. read the papers. the next k. someone to bring up your it is this the here is. how did the democracy of the weimar republic after world war one. descendant in the world of gear to and shalane and great german philosophers how to become the world of hitler and himmler in paris france. and so how did these people the most educated people on earth how do they fall for hitler what was the origin of that. so how did this occur. and essence could draw from that in our own life. now the second point. is the us system how many do you think the us is a democracy with your hands. put him up really high realize shout. well established up for it i guess we agreed what. do you have any of your favorite oil to. the data is not encouraging this is from one of the other great stories american boxer by two of the best political scientists observe this and they say that your o

she is a series editor for the papers of john adams part of the adams papers editorial project based at the massachusetts historical society. she is the author of household gods. the religious lives the addams family and frequently writes about early america early american thought and culture for the smithsonian. um similar to whichberg. she also receives her phd from boston university. so without further ado, please join me and welcoming miss kochberg well, great. thank you so much gavin for that introduction and thank you so much to all of you for being here tonight. i'm so grateful to the massachusetts historical society for hosting me and i'm really looking forward to my conversation with sarah georgini, and i also especially want to thank gavin please fees and olivia saya for organizing this event. it's really just a pleasure to be here and have the chance to share my work on the history of museums with this community, and i'm really grateful to all of you for taking the time to listen in and join in this conversation. so i'm just gonna share my screen screen to get us started.

later on franklin joined with john adams and thomas jefferson to propose that the latin phrase e pluribus unim, from many one, be our nation's motto. our nation continues to struggle with notions of race and equity. the threads of our fragile democracy are fraying. as the people's representatives, it is incumbent on us to make every effort to heed franklin's words of concern and his and jefferson's expression of unity. it is our responsibility to demonstrate not only with our words but with our actions that we can and will keep this republic intact and its people unified. that is why i introduce hr-301, to designate the iconic hymn "life every voice and sing" the national hymn for the united states of america. making "life every voice and sing" as our national hymn will be one step forward. "life every voice and sing" was written by james and johnson as a poem and set to music by his brother john roseman johnson. the hymn was first performed on february 12th, 1900, by a choir of school children from a segregated school in jacksonville, florida. in 1905 booker t. washington recognized the

independence hall and saw the reenactment of the peaceful transfer of power from george washington to john adamstional especially in light of what happened last year mr. clyburn said these are the times that drive men's souls. with all of that we have to show the public the relationship between democracy and their kitchen table concerns. if the other side has its way in suppressing the vote and nullifying elections what does that mean? it means big money dominates at the kitchen table people will not have the competence that theyt can lower drug prices are have higher minimum wage or better public education and safers neighborhoods free of gun violence because of that big dark money which would prevail if republicans have their way in suppressing the vote and all applying elections. nothing less than our democracy. what democracy also means and fair elections means and the lives of the american people. the time is found here. this is a president who has a great vision for our country. we see that every day. he has vision and values that go with it. he is a president who has knowledge and judgmen

john adams could have secretly been a transwoman and women be vice presidents all along so followinghat. dan: you know you're a close follower and culture war is beginning on age shift is hag here. you can't tell me people don't see the absurdness. this is a change. >> i agree i think something has shifted here. people are compassionate about idea that somebody feels gender disforya i'll include myself in that but something different. where we can't define what a woman is at all or on like really large scale. it is really concerning, and that i think people are watching this and thinking i didn't sign up for this and women not to exist. i, you know, maybe i feel compassion for people who are unsure of what gender they're supposed to be. but i don't think that this should be no women and i think -- the average men has seen something very different in last few weeks. and there are on a different plain right now and i think left is really losing. dan: i think you're right between crt and this and the fairytale don't say gay bill i think tide is turning. carol thanks a lot for your time

independence hall and saw the reenactment of the peaceful transfer of power from george washington to john adams emotional especially in light of what happened last year. mr. clyburn said while we are saying the times have found is, he says these are the times that try men's souls. so with all of that we have to show the public the relationship between democracy and the kitchen table concerns. if the other side has its way in suppressing the boat and nullifying elections, what does that mean? it means big dark money dominates. so at the kitchen table people will not have the confidence that they cannot lower drug prices or higher minimum wage or better public education for their children are safer neighborhoods free of gun violence. because that big, dark money which would prevail if the republicans have their way in suppressing the vote and nullifying elections. so, so much is at stake. nothing less than our democracy, but what democracy also means fair elections mean and the lives of the american people. you have been, your time, the time has found you. this is the president who has a great vi

. >> if there is a reason the founding fathers like thomas jefferson and john adams knew more about historyfingertips, it's something they didn't, and you value to have effort to learn something rather than having it fed to you. >> oral tradition and books versus the online fire hose of data. >> and i don't think that we should accuse our brains of being lazy, it's just that we are evolved to use all our senses. you read a book, you are touching the book, moving around, looking at something physical and your brain is much more engaged that way. >> at my lunch break i will be reading, talking in the physical copy. thanks for everyone reading and now here is "america reports." >> john: president biden is proposing a massive tax hike for the 5.5 trillion proposal. but they say the federal government is already bringing in billions in new revenue. >> sandra: where is all the money going? it's a great question from missouri congressman, the ranking member of the house budget committee. he says biden's plan means nothing but more debt and more pain for the american people. >> john: first another

very fundamental to our judicial system, starting back in the days of john adams, giving people no matterryone deserves a defense. so those people who step into that role. it is not a fast moving career path like prosecutors often have to the bench. she became a public defender because she believes in the fundamental ideal. our nation that everyone deserves a vigorous defense and i respect her form. i honor her. and what is exceptional is she will be the first person on the supreme court ever to be a public defender. finally we have someone with that experience and that kind of empathy gained in court. >> republicans are wrapping up their attacks on judge jackson for being reportedly soft on crime. >> i think you look at the people endorsing her. are you soft on crime if the fraternal order of police, the largest police union in the country is endorsing you? are you soft on crime if the international association of chiefs of police, one of the largest police organizations representing chiefs of police, her endorsements come from the right and the left, from republicans and democrats. when

i have to add, because it's something i've been thinking about a lot as we annotate, john adams is the president of the american academy of arts and sciences at the same time thomas jefferson is president of the american philosophical society. i would love someone to go forth and write about the two and what is generated to researchers. >> jefferson is president of the american philosophical society at the same time as president of the u.s. he's commissioning the lewis and clark expedition and has members of the aps work with william clark to help train them in surveying and botany and so forth. >> it's fascinating. if you look at the election, jefferson is hedging. so i think looking at the scientific pursuits is a rich topic to explore. okay, back to our chat, our wonderful questions. was there a museum or cabinet that particularly surprised you in the course of your research? >> yeah. i think all of them did, it would be quite honest. that was part of the pleasure of this project to a great extent was how many unexpected moments were part of the research. i think the example i spoke

that includes the right to cou counsel, going all the way back to john adams defending the british soldiersthink it's a sign of just how little there is to attack judge jackson on that we're hearing this soft-on-crime narrative when i think it's an innate part of our legal system to have criminal defense lawyers, especially for those who can't afford them. poppy, the irony is by going after judge jackson for being soft on crime, republicans are only highlighting the diversity she's bringing to the bench, the fact there's only been in the whole history of the court, one prior criminal defense lawyer, thurgood marshall, never a public defender. that to me is the case for judge jackson, not against her. >> laura, what makes her unique, aside from breyer, she's the only one who served on the sentencing committee. she brings that. she brings relatives in law enforcement and she brings a family member who is part of the criminal justice system who has been incarcerated for 25 years on a drug charge. so how critical is that awareness of all sides of the system to bring to the high court? i think i

the most famous example probably was john adams, chief justice said, who represented the british soldiers charged in the boston massacre. this sentiment is shared by lawyers across the political spectrum. i want to give you an opportunity to address this issue, because it applies not just to gitmo detainees, but to your work as a public defender. in terms of the wisdom, acceptability of providing counsel in those cases, and what impact it had on you personally in terms of your rulings on the bench. >> thank you, senator. september 11th was a tragic attack on this country. we all lived through it. we saw what happened and there were many defenses, important defenses, that americans undertook. there were americans whose service came in the form of military action. my brother was one of those americans, those brave americans who decided to join the military, to defend our country. there are others of you in this body who have military service, and i honor that, to protect our country. after 9/11 there were also lawyers who recognized that our nation's values were under attack, we couldn't le

the laws and shouldn't have these disagreements, obviously had disagreements with hamilton and john adams, went against each other for president but when jefferson became president in 1801 said enough with the partisan party stuff, said we are all republicans, all federalists by which he meant we don't have parties anymore and in effect, we're all republicans. >> yeah, stop criticizing me. >> and this was not a mass party, it was a collection of notables. i'm trying to make the exact number who voted in 18 hundreds, you know, 50,000. there's more people in the suburb of bethesda, north of washington dc, twice as many as there were voting for president, both candidates then. >> electorate was tiny, even those who could vote most didn't bother voting in national elections. the federal government was a distant thing. >> most didn't vote, you had to have property, be a white man and of course, over 21. >> yeah. so sean wentz, a historian, you're familiar, when it comes to jefferson as a party i think you're right, wasn't a party. but when it comes to small d jeffersonian democracy he argues j

the most famous example probably was john adams, chief justice said, who represented the british soldiersrged in the boston massacre. this sentiment shared by lawyers across the political spectrum. i want to give you an opportunity to address this issue, because it applies not just to gitmo detainees but to your work as a public defender in terms of the wisdom, acceptability of providing counsel in those cases and what impact it has had on you personally in terms of your rulings on the bench. >> thank you, senator. september 11th was a tragic attack on this country. we all lived through it. we saw what happened, and there were many defenses, important defenses, that americans undertook. there were americans whose service came in the form of military action. my brother was one of those americans, those brave americans who decided to join the military to defend our country. there are others of you in this body who have military service, and i honor that. to protect our country. after 9/11, there were also lawyers who recognized that our nation's values were under attack, that we couldn't le

so he obviously had a disagreements with alexander hamilton famously and and with john adams they ran against each other for president. but when jefferson became president 1801 he said basically enough with this partisan party stuff. we should all be he said is inauguration speech nature one. we're all republicans were all federalists by which he meant. we don't have any parties anymore. and in fact, he was saying we're all republicans. that's right. stop criticizing exactly and also this was not a mass party even when he had a party. it was really a collection of notables. i think i call it. i'm trying to remember the exact number of people who voted for president in 1800. there's about 50,000, you know, they're more people in the suburb of bethesda north of washington dc twice as many than the word voting for president, you know for both candidates in 18. the electorate was tiny even among those who could vote. most people didn't bother voting in national elections. exactly. the federal government was a distant. most people couldn't vote because you had to have property you have to

john adams is in the bell tower and he starts walking down the stphaoeps that hall where -- steps into that hall where they drafted the declaration of independence that hot summer and as he walks in, he opens up the glove by saying this. he says, one useless man is a disgrace. two are a law enforcement. and three or more are a congress. and i have had it with this congress. i think the american people have had it with the stupid policies coming from the democrat-controlled congress and the biden administrationment and they are itching, they are fixing to make a change and put the republicans back in charge and make kevin mccarthy speaker of the house. that's what we have to focus on. thank you very much. thank you, sheriff. mr. mccarthy: thank you, jim. sheriff, you remember warren is in the back, it's his birthday. he does a great job. one thing i'll tell you. it goes all the combination here. some of the things that jim talked about. if you want that canary in the coal mine is america waking up. i'm from california. and in los angeles they elected a d.a. and we've watched this before

john adams is in the bell tower and he starts walking down the stphaoeps that hall where -- steps into that hall where they drafted the declaration of independence that hot summer and as he walks in, he opens up the glove by saying this. he says, one useless man is a disgrace. two are a law enforcement. and three or more are a congress. and i have had it with this congress. i think the american people have had it with the stupid policies coming from the democrat-controlled congress and the biden administrationment and they are itching, they are fixing to make a change and put the republicans back in charge and make kevin mccarthy speaker of the house. that's what we have to focus on. thank you very much. thank you, sheriff. mr. mccarthy: thank you, jim. sheriff, you remember warren is in the back, it's his birthday. he does a great job. one thing i'll tell you. it goes all the combination here. some of the things that jim talked about. if you want that canary in the coal mine is america waking up. i'm from california. and in los angeles they elected a d.a. and we've watched this before

right then we sort of switched to those post-revolution post-founding father presidents with adam with john quincy adams. and of course jackson coming very soon thereafter, but in an examining the overlap between the lives of james monroe and andrew jackson. i was really struck with a few things one monroe in jackson. are are only nine years apart in their ages and then roe was 18 at the time that is represented. of course in the famous portrait here of washington crossing the delaware. it wasn't until the last year or so that i realized that the man holding the flag here behind washington is monroe. and so that was quite a quite a new thought for me. but jackson is 13 at this point at least by and excuse my 1780. jackson is 13 at this point. so madison at this point would have been just you know that nine years older than that. but while madison in most people's eyes would be of an average and acceptable age to serve as a combatant during the american revolution andrew jackson himself is serving as a combatant during the american revolution now, he's 13 when this begins and he joins the am

hasn't changed the wording, but you know in 1798 you could go to jail for criticizing president john adams, and that would be supported by people like hamilton and washington the federalists whereas with with jefferson and madison on the other side of that conflict then you know you go to to as i mentioned slate laws prohibiting abolitionist literature, but if you go to world war one, you know, the supreme court is completely fine with sending people to to prison for 10 or 20 years for a posing american involvement in in world war one you have the red scares and so on and and you really have to get into sort of the 50s before free speech is is consistently protected and and reaches the the threshold by the end of the 60s that with sort of brandenburg. is ohio that very very high threshold for for limiting specific specific viewpoints and i think that reflects a change in cultural attitudes in norms and among americans because the wording hasn't changed and you see that actually also in in famous works like on liberty by john stuart mill. he is at least as concerned about the stifling norms

the most famous example was john adams, who represented the british soldiers charged in the boston massacre. this sentiment is shared by lawyers across the political spectrum. i want to give you an opportunity to address this issue because it applies not just to gitmo detainees but to your work as a public defender. in terms of the wisdom, acceptability of providing counsel in those cases and what impact it has had on you personally in terms of your rulings on the bench. >> thank you, senator. september 11th was a tragic attack on this country. we all lived through it. we saw what happened and there were many defenses, important defenses that americans undertook. there were americans whose service came in the form of military action. my brother was one of those americans, those brave americans who decided to join the military to defend our country. there are others of you in this body who have military service and i honor that. to protect our country. after 9/11 there were also lawyers who recognized that our nation's values were under attack. that we couldn't let the terrorists win by chan