now, john brown gordon is a brilliant tactical fighter and operator. and he's thinking as an operator. early has to think strategically. he's got the last army that's going to fight in the shenandoah valley. there are no more troops. phil sheridan beat him every time. phil sheridan beats him because phil sheridan out numbers him three to one in incredible supplies, very talented officers and great subordinates. what's really amazing is how well early does fight, how close to comes to winning. the ultimate battle at cedar creek. john brown gordon devises the attack strategy. overrunning union division after union division. they almost collapse the sixth corps. it gets to a point in middletown where early -- he loses his nerve. they're on the verge of destroying phil sheridan -- phil sheridan is on his way back from washington, his famous ride from win chechester to the battle fo. gordon is saying you've got to push on. you've got to finish the job. gordon is right. you've got to finish the job, finish it now. early is right too. he's over extended. his

again, the main figure is john brown.e towers about ten feet tall in the painting and surrounded by the north and confederate flag and united states flag. and then theretwo dead soldiers that rest at his feet and represent everyone who died during the silver war. so there's quite a lot of symbolism. there's a gentleman hidden in the background with a top hat, and there's some discussion that might have been ape hack lincoln, but he wouldn't have been president at that time since it was prior to the civil war. it's kind of some foreshadowing in there. and he included a prairie fire in the participating as well, which he said it represented the death and destruction with war, the corm coming storms of war and the natural disaster we face in our state. there's a lot of symbolism in there. and when you look off to the side he also includes the western meadowlark, which is our state bird. some people say he was a martyr. some people say he was a terrorist. but here he is our famous painting. and people can come, and it's art s

the main figure is john brown. he towers 12 feet tall in the painting.e is surrounded by the two sides of the civil war. the north and the south and the confederate flag and the united states flag. then there are two dead soldiers that rest at his feet. they represent everyone who died during the civil war. there's quite a lot of symbolism. there's also some -- there's a gentleman hiding in the background with a top hat. there's some discussion that might have been abraham lincoln. that was on the northern side. he wouldn't have been president at that time. since this was all prior to the civil war. it's maybe some foreshadowing in there. of course, he included a tornado and a prairie fire in the painting as well, which says he represented the death and destruction associated with war, coming storms of war and the natural disasters we face in our state. john stewart curry, there's a lot of symbolism in there. then when you look off to the side, he includes the western meadow lark, which our state bird. a calm little bird and prairie scene to the left as

john brown gordon. classic, southern gentleman, self made. barlow, nelson miles and these are men without westpoint educations and that liberates them. the westpointers do a marvelous job of holding things together and building armies in the beginning of the war, but they do not understand how warfare is changing. a few to grant does and sherman figures it out, but very few others do. they're still locked into this idea of the nah pnapoleonic battle, and they stand near the commander's hill and see most, if not all of the battlefield with direct things or try to. by the time, and by the close of the siege of petersburg when it all collapses, the lines have stretched from richmond to petersburg and they're almost 40 miles long and it's a preview of world war i. you're controlling things with the telegraph and that has its own pitfalls if grant thinks he can stay in the rear, he never sees it until the second attack, so technology does have its pitfalls, but john brown gordon is a curious guy, charming, born with charisma. his father tries bein

on permanent exhibit we have john brown sword, which a lot of people love to look at that, it was hiswe don't know that he used it necessarily for anything. except he did carry it with him, and it is on display here. we also have the original constitution. so the first page of the kansas constitution that made us a state is housed here in the building, and it's quite a wonderful original article. and it's right here and kids can see it, and adults can see it, and it's on display. although some kids can't read it now because it's in cursive. it's housed in the center of the building. on the ground level. if we were looking up, we would see into the dome where that's at. when you're at the top of the capitol. as i mentioned, you can go out on the balcony and look and see for 40 miles. if you lean back on one of the four corners of that. you can see ed astra. he is a kansas indian warrior, he's 22 feet 2 inches tall. he's a bronze statue and i guess even though i mentioned earlier, it took us 37 years to complete our capitol, some people might say it wasn't completed until 2002, that is

we can talk about anderson who was one of the black men who rode with john brown. and when he stopped talking about the later. after the whole abolitionist beginning with william lambert, here is frederick, he comes to detroit and he meets with john brown in downtown. in a second baptist church, it was very instrumental in the end of course matthews would be instrumental later on. we cannot ignore the church and the whole coming together in terms of resistance. the whole idea of self-determination.it was coming from a number of church leaders who were affiliated with the abolitionist movement but no more profound than william lambert. it would make a fascinating film to see the kind of stuff he went through, the system that he went but together they had a coating, a secret code, secret language, then trained on these individuals on the underground railroad in case you encountered some of those bounty hunters out there. i mean so instructive and later on the involvement with craig matthews church and his involvement in the educational process. working with people of

but john brown gordon, he has charisma. e gets into the tibbering and mining business in northwest georgia. that doesn't work out so well at a bad time because george brown gordon is at college and is a brilliant scholar. rhetoric, we don't teach it anymore. rhetoric matters. the ability to speak well and command a crowd, how rare that is today. but if i command the language, i command the situation. and civil war commanders especially in the confed rtd armies and the army of northern virginia, there's time when there's no food left, no bullets left, the men in rags and they are running on a ret, the ability to inspire men. and he's got a great, intensely physical love affair with his wife, fanny gordon. people were as sexual then in their impulses and biology as we are now. and if you don't believe me, check out the veneral disease rolls on both sides. entire hospitals dedicated to veneral disease, which was a terrible problem for the soldiers north and south. and there's so much more to that, but i don't want to sidetrack

argue in my book is that there are more profound human connection between frederick douglass and john brown than there is between frederick douglass and lincoln. at least to the time of the second inauguration. but i still see profound influences on both sides, and the lincoln is a fascinating -- douglass gives,, speaking of great speeches, he gives some great speeches about lincoln and about his love of lincoln and about lincoln as a great savior of the country. it is a complex, prickly and still very moving relationship between these two great figures. >> than you. another question? >> i have a quick question that may be anyone on the panel can answer. one is about the relationship between douglass and harriet tubman, because they were both from the eastern shore. although they were from different counties. i am not sure about the dates on that. and the second one is, i thought more about this over the years as i have studied african american history, my history, when douglass was making his speeches about slavery, what were thoughts of native americans? what did douglass think about the

john brown's raid on harpers ferry. a lot of things that were going on in the late 1850s. but any one of those you could probably say, well, it's one of the places where the civil war really began, where the roots of the civil war are. so long before the first gun was fired at fort sumter in south carolina, a lot of things were leading the country on on the road toward civil war. one was the case that was originally heard in this building, the case of dread and harriet scott. a lot of time the story of the dread scott case because it is is a factor of civil war, the people themselves get lost in the story.dtñ he was from st. louis but had lived many other places. he was born in the late 1790s, early 1800 in virginia. and he was born as a slave on a plantation owned by a family named blow. the blow family moved to alabama. and they took dread scott with them and tried to make a go of it there on another plantation which failed. so they moved to st. louis and actually bought a hotel and decided to try to do a different type of work to try to make their living. they found tha

the next voice would come from our old friend john brown. that's what we will pick up with in our next hour. >>> join us every saturday evening at 8:00 p.m. and midnight eastern as we join students in college classrooms to hear lectures. lectures in history are also available as podcasts. visit our website, c-span.org/history/podcasts or download them from itunes. >>> we've been on the road meeting winners of this year's student cam video documentary competition. at least line high school in east line, connecticut second prize winner jack mcdonald, kyle guzam and victoria chiong were handed awards. at east lyme middle, students received $250 on their documentary on health care. then to concord, massachusetts to second out a second prize to students who won a second place prize for their documentary on wage gap. students from north hampton high won an honorable mention prize for $250 for their documentary on sanctuary cities and immigration reform. in lulled low, massachusetts, students of paul r. beard middle school received an honorable men

of those 1000, mostly in the form of john brown gordon. soldiers will talk about that how it was a horrendous experience to be on the battlefield in light of july 9. wallace will light -- will write later to himself, "measured by his designs and importance of designs to his cause, my lost was just worth a pinch of good snuff."nuff pickup -- -- most of on mars his memoirs were unfinished when he died. it is almost wallace at the end of his life was willing himself to tell the end of the battle before he died. his wife would finish and publish it for him in 1906. even know he is defeated, talk about a great defense. every second, every minute, every hour counts. the night of july 9, 1864, the rest of the union sixth core loads up and make their way not towards baltimore, but washington. their objective is change. now the legitimate threat is against washington, d.c. so we come towards the tail end the earlypaign, continuous march against washington. he leaves on july 10, marching down the georgetown pike, taking a beeline to the outer limits

we can talk about osmond anderson who was one of the black men who rode with john brown. and when you start talking about the later period after the whole abolitionist beginning with william lambert, here's frederick douglass comes to detroit, and he meets with john brown. there's a marker of it downtown on, you know, second baptist church was very instrumental in that. >> yeah. >> of course, st. matthews was going to be instrumental later on. we cannot ignore the church, you know are, and this whole coming together in terms of resistance, you know, the whole idea of self-determination? it was coming from a number of church leaders who were affiliated with the abolitionist movement, but no one more pronounced and profound than william lambert. his story, i mean, that would make just a fascinating film -- >> yeah. >> -- to see the kind of stuff he went through, the mystery system that he put together. they had a coding, kind of a secret cold, secret language, you know? they had trained all these individuals on the underground railroad in case you encountered some of those

hise are chapters on involvement with john brown, chapters with his friendship i thinkaham lincoln and there is a problem in the way that a lot of us understand douglas in terms of that very famous first autobiography. he was also about 28. andas this fascinating life -- this massive 600 85 page autobiography that covered part of his life. i hope my own work will lead others to read it for a greater recovery. during that year, he was so fascinating. we tend to focus on the pre-civil war years. i'm glad you mentioned the anti-lynching speech. >> having researched by douglas, -- >> there will be time for questions. i will that audience members to know when to stand up. i will give a very quick response. >> douglas was an ambassador to .aiti he became friendly with haitian ears. americanis job because governmental people thought he was too sympathetic to haiti. into this person that runs overseas, the haitian civilian at the 8093 chicago welfare. that is a whole different story about douglas, douglas about the sun america haiti, these interesting political friendships. these were problems

not only ignore john brown but what about the individuals who rode with him?osborn anderson who was the one survivor who wrote "the voice from harper's ferry." >> host: an eenemy from thomas, as we approach the 50th 50th anniversary of detroit's 12th street uprise this month i would like to know does professor boyd recall the murder in rouge park of danny thomas the month before and whether he had any personal connection with the victim's relativelies and in august, the movie "detroit" will open which recounts the algiers motel murders. does professor boyd have any advance impressions about the film and then thomas, who livers in marry yeti, georgia, says, p.s. i was 14 in 1967 at a detroit free press paper route which allowed me on the streets in the early morning hours white the curfew was in effect. it was a time i'll never forget and helped inspire a live life-long dedication to issues of social justice. >> guest: well, quite a bit there first of all let's deal with the probably the most significant development out of that is the film, katherine bigelow, v

general john brown gordon, elevated the command of jubal early's division, described the desperate scene in the cool l on the morning of may 12. lee looked very god of war. he wrote to a point to the center of my line and turned his forces to the front, evidently leading a desperate charge to drive hancock or perish in the effort. to arrest him in the effort and say the confederacy the life of its great peter. -- great leader. he was at the center of the line when general lee rode with uncovered head. force across the travelers front, and i checked him. a hope a voice that might reach the years my men and command retention, for dramatically called out, lee general lee you shall not leave my man and a charge. no man can do that sir. these men are georgians, virginians and carolinians. they have never failed you on any field and will not fail you here. will you, boys? i shouted you must go to the rear. the echo of general lee to the rear. general lee to the rear rollback with tremendous emphasis. they gathered around him, turned his horse in the opposite direction. some clutching his bridl

there are several, maybe a dozen or so people that so-called john brown society out here. there was also and tee fa out here, a militant anti-fascist group out here just to support the people out here tonight. but this crowd has only grown and seems to be going nowhere. phoenix police in a difficult spot treating this like a major event such as the super bowl. they have all hands on deck. all police agencies on deck. and they are even the national guard in the event they need them. it is not clear how long this crowd will be there. the president still hasn't spoken. it is my sense he will probably stick around till after. the phoenix police have come out in the last few moments in very heavy gear. they're now bringing out police officers on bicycles. ringing this convention center with everything they have. >> stand by. i want to update viewer. this is the phoenix convention center. you're looking at the protesters and miguel says on one side of the street, you've got the trump supporters, on the other side, the protesters. they're separated by a vote and barricades. it se

. >> of 1859, john brown's raid, federal troops, suppressing the rebellion on the side of the slave holders. harold, thank you so much. you have been a very good friend to me over the years and let me just say that edith, you have been wonderful to me and my wife when we first came here at cwi. so thankful for your friendship, you're a fantastic scholar, you've always been like i said accessible and engaging to people. we're so appreciative of all you've done, for cwi and the field of civil war history. thank you so much, harold. [ applause ] >>> so this is my fault. we are going, longer than what i imagined. but if you have questions for harold and books for harold to sign i'm sure that he can do both at the same time and harold is going to be off to the left. for the rest of you, we'll have go out the doors right there. which doors are they going out? >> go out the main entrance. turn left. my apologies for going a little long this evening. harold you'll be around a little bit tomorrow? harold will be around a little bit tomorrow as well if you have any questions. thank you so much, we'll

. >> a true revolution, 1859 john brown's raid of federal troops, and this nobody could have ever possibly have conceived that. harold, thank you so much. you have been a very good friend to me over the years, and let me just say to edith, you have been wonderful to me and to my wife when we pittsburgh came here to cwi, we are thankful, not just for your friendship, but you're a fantastic scholar. we're so grateful for all you've done. thank you. >> thank you. >> this is my fault because we went longer than we intended to. but harold's got books he will sign. go out the main entrance and turn left, again, my apologies for going a little long this evening. harold, you'll be around a little bit tomorrow? >> yes. >> harold will be around a little bit tomorrow if you have some questions, thank you very 34 much, we'll see you over at the ice cream social. >>> coming up, miami university professor martin johnson falks about lincoln's writing of and planning of the gettysberg address. and then u.s. professor michael naiberg. then we'll show again abe has be been -- abraham lincoln as a scholar. t

you have characters like john brown, who was so dedicated to abolition he was willing to kill , his own neighbors who were slavers. his whole family was dedicated to ending slavery. you have this back and forth. fighting across missouri back and forth. in many cases these are tensions that still exist today. this also happens to events like sand creek. this is my son andrew reading a plaque at the base of a civil war monument at the statehouse in denver, colorado and this was memorial put up in 1809 honoring the great heroic battles of colorado troops. listed on that monument is the battle of sand creek. in 1999, the senate finally passed a resolution and said, we thisot going to take down memorial, but we are going to describe the fact -- there is no way we can describe sand creek as a battle. it needs to be described as a massacre. it is really quite striking. maybe it is something that could be mirrored here in salem. the cheyenne have created a spiritual healing run that is run every year around thanksgiving, close to when you massacre occurred. had thert where they sand creek massa

. >> a true revolution. 1859 john brown's raid, federal troops so pressing that reb rebellion on the side of the slave holders and nobody could have conceived that. harold, thank you so much. you have been a very good friend to me over the years. and let me just say to edith, you have been wonderful to me and my wife when we first came here to cwi. and we're so thankful for your friendship. you're a fantastic scholar. you've always been accessible and engaging to people. we appreciate all that you've done for the world of civil history. >> thanks peter. [ applause ] >> so i'm sorry. this is my fault. we are going longer than what i imagined. but you have questions for harold and you have books for harold to sign, i'm sure that he can do both at the same time. and harold is going to be just off to the left. and for the rest of you, we'll have to go out the doors right there. joe, what doors are they going out? >> preferably to go out the main entrance. >> go out the main entrance and then turn left. my apologies for going long this evening. harold will be around a little bit tomorrow

they gave us,, one of john brown's men to commend expedition entry gunboats and all colored soldiersand we found where the torpedoes were as always could find another channel. when we went up the river in the morning it was about light. the fog was rising and the people was doing their breakfast and going out to the feel. i was in the forward boat where the crew went captain and colored man was to tell us where the torpedoes were. the votes were quarter-mile apart what act together and just about light in the kernel blows the whistle and stopped the boat and the captain and company of soldiers went to shore took about a quarter of an hour after he done mode the whistle when the sun got clear so that people could see the boat you could look over the right-field and see them coming to the boat from every direction. i never seen such a site someone's getting their breakfast, taking their pots of price off the fire and they put the cloth on top of their head and set that on. rice smoking, young one hanging on behind, one hand around the mother's forehead and another digging into the rice

you have john brown who was so dedicated to killing abolitionists that he was willing to kill his own neighbors who were slavers. his whole family was dedicated to ending slavery. you have this back and forth, burning lawrence, kansas, fight in missouri back and forth. in many cases these are tensions that still exist today. this also happens to events like sand creek. so this is -- this is my son andrew reading a plaque that's at the base of a civil war monument in front of the state house in denver, colorado. this was a civil war memorial that was put up in 1909 honoring the great battles, the heroic battles of colorado troops in the civil war. listed on that monument is the battle of sand creek. in 1999, the senate finally passed a resolution. they said we're not going to take down this memorial, but we are going to describe the fact that we have thought carefully about this and there's no way we can describe sand creek as a battle. it really needs to be described as a massacre and is really quite striking. and from that has grown an event -- maybe it's something that could be mirr

general john brown gordon elevated to command may 8, 1864, described the desperate seen near the mccool house on the morning of may 12th. the third lee to the rear incident. lee looked a very god of war. calmly and grandly he rode to a point near the center of my line and turned his horse's head to the front. evidently resolve to lead in person the desperate charge and drive hancock back or perish in the effort. i resolve to arrest him in this effort and that's to save the confederacy the life of its great leader. according to georges gordon, he was at the center of the line when general lee rode to it with uncovered head he turned his face toward hancock's advancing column, instantly i spurred my old horse across and grasping bridle and hand, i checked him. then, in a voice which i hope might reach the ears of my men and grab their attention, gordon dramatically called out, general lee, you shall not lead my men in a charge. no man can do that, sir. another is here for that purpose. these men behind you are georges, virginians and carolinans, they will not fail your here, will you, boy

we've always had religion and politics, with john brown, father coughlin, earlier on, the ethic of self-made portion, we had the social darwinists, ben franklin and all that. the idea of american exceptionalism has been there from the very start. so are you meaning reagan and his imaginary, do you see it to be a change from the fdr to lbj period or really something new on the american scene? dr. diane winston: thank you for the question. obviously in a talk like this, one cannot, i think that in order for most states to function they have to believe in something beyond the material. what is so interesting about the american experiment is that we were the first country that had separation of church and state, so we did not have a divine sanction. in its place, i believe we have always can -- we've always had one kind of religious imaginary or another and to me it has a tension between this and towards bend towards individualism and toward collectivism. it is not something new, it has always been flipping and flopping between the two. it is just the most recent iteration. fallows bang -- fallo

we will be talking to john brown from the nspcc later.systematically been groomed and abused vulnerable teenage girls and young women over a number of years, for their own sexual gratification. others were not directly involved in that abuse and facilitated both offences. despite the abuses, they have suffered, the teams have demonstrated great bravery in recounting their own distressing experiences in court. with their assistance, the cps has successfully secured convictions against a team of offenders. we are aware of the profound impact that these offences have had on the young girls at the centre of this operation, and it is our sincere hope that they will draw some comfort from the convictions. through their courageous actions, they may well have prevented other vulnerable women and girls from falling victim to this group. i would also like to praise those who have devoted themselves to the case over the past three years. the protection of vulnerable people is a central concern of all of those working in this criminaljustice system,

that is that the anti-slavery jayhawkers who are fighting alongside john brown in kansas against the pro-slavery border ruffians, that they want revenge now. they march in and they terrorize and loot and pillage western missouri. those peaceful missourians rise up to defend themselves. there's an element of truth to this. there in fact were raids by troops from kansas into western missouri, this absolutely did take place. however, the problem is you -- i have illustrated very loosely where the raids took place. the problem is that fighting breaks out across the state, especially all along the missouri and mississippi river valley. i'm going to add to -- because i'm focusing on jesse james, unfortunately, i will add to the misimpression that this is a border war. because jesse james is in the western border. in fact, the guerilla warfare takes place across the state. in fact, we see as in this illustration, there were refugees -- union refugees being driven into the major towns held by conventional union forces in 1861. that the kind of missourian against missourian warfare that begin

. >> brown: john sprague, the company's last c.e.o., says he and his family closed the factory in 1985labor disputes and competition from abroad. today, he walks through his old plant with a bit of wonder. >> this building was falling apart, and if something hadn't gone in it would eventually have just fallen apart, had been absolutely devastating. >> brown: signs of the old are everywhere, most notably in th¡' boiler house'. rusting away, with a soundtrack added, it's a kind of artwork in itself. museum director thompson worked with the design firm bruner/cott. >> layers of paint, worn floors, this wall -- >> brown: and you kept it? >> we kept it. it's beautiful for one. where are you going to get something that beautiful -- and on one hand it marks time. there's no designer willfulness in it. it's what came with the building. >> brown: some of the artists here play directly to this idea of making something new from the old. lonnie holly, who uses everyday found materials, is paired with dawn dedeaux, who features a wrecking ball, in an exhibit that goes beyond the mass moca concept,

lincoln's first inaugural address it's a law and order speech you then listen to harriet tubman or john brown on the gallows and you read lincoln's second inaugural address and you say that could have been written by apple. something happened but it wasn't a change that came from above it was fire from below sometimes i worry that we spend too much time staring at the sites of power we have no access to the white house the medieval auction block called the congress and too little time paying attention to the sites of power we have absolute access to the workplace the classroom the neighborhood the house of worship this is where we should be mobilizing and organizing today in in the face of this trump election one of these i think we can all do is we can gather we can gather our neighbors we can gather our schoolmates we can gather our workmates and we can ask ourselves where are we on the clock of the world where are we in this in this long drama of this country and what's required of us now looking forward what do we have to do you know it's it is it is a remarkable time and time pregnant wi

i am here with my colleague alex brown and john and young. you can see the crowd behind us. if you look up at the sky which i was doing before when we came back live, we are probably at about 90% totality. the good news from the weather standpoint is there are clouds, but i see breaks in them just off to the south. thoses crossed tight that will move over as we get into totality in a few minutes. duane, what do you have to say? >> i want to thank you -- hey, man. you are the man. this is exciting. we have our glasses, we have -- we are excited. make some more noise. [cheering] we are having a ball. there is still a lot more here through the eyes of nasa. we have the international space station coming up, you do not want to miss it. [cheering] >> we still have maybe a few more minutes to go before totality. -- wow.see with the clouds, you can still see it. pretty good, right? >> can you guys see it? >> yeah. a little bit. >> i think we have some breakage in the clouds. a fewstill have about minutes. >> this is amazing, right? >> this is amazing. >> through the eyes of nasa. >

. >> brown: john lennon and paul mccartney's first group, the quarrymen" started as a skiffle band. ♪as young british musicians plugged in, threw out the old- timey skiffle sounds to create their own, and brought that back across the atlantic, in the british invasion. >> from january 1964 to december 1965 there's a british group at number one in the american charts for 52 weeks out of 104. every single one of them begins as a skiffle group. the only exception is petula clark, but everyone else: chad and jeremy, the rolling stones, the tremeloes, the animals all have their roots in skiffle. skiffle liberates those bands to get out there and play music at such a young age that when the beatles break the charts in america in january ¡64, there's a whole cohort of british bands who've been playing for years, who are ready to go. and it takes american youth a little longer to catch up. >> brown: skiffle gave them the means, the something, to get up with a guitar. >> it's the sense of empowerment that came with skiffle ot very young people, to make them think they can make their own music.

i started with richard nixon, governor brown in california and john f. kennedy and many of the events he was present at. why this exhibit here in the american art museum at this time? it is the centennial of his birth 100 years ago on may 29. how do you put an exhibit like this together? first you start with a few researchers. we collected 34,000 photographs of jfk and his family. it took about six months and became the basis of a very important book that we published. from those 400 odd pictures in the book we were able to select 77 photographs that we felt told the story of jf k and his life and times. john f. kennedy was a president who saw america's place in the world. he was a man who understood history, who served in world war ii. he understood the issues of civil rights. he understood many of the conflicts around the world. this exhibit addresses the issue of jfk's vision for america. it's the story of the life and his times. pictures from the family scrap book are very interesting. just like any other kid, little did he know he might be the presi