we walk through the city square, we would have something sharp to scrape away at the statue of john c. calhoon or whoever to see we weren't accepting the statue. student protests in the '60s and '70s that would paint messages on confederate statues. but i think that in that period, there's more of a focus on adding new statues. let's increase the representation in representatio monuments and there was a hopefulness of that that by adding countermonuments, you can change the way that public base operated. but i think the last few years, we have been realizing that these monuments continue to have -- to encourage harmful behavior to solidify people in their hatreds and add in new monomentes is not enough. you have to address the ones. >> so i think people who watch some of these takedowns on tv probably remember the most dynamic, eye grabbing images, which were like these images of mobs taking them down. but you put out some 80% of the monuments were moved by public officials. did that surprise you? what do you think is significant? >> if you looked at the headline, you'd think the monuments wer