don't know how well you can make it out from back there, but on the left is a campaign poster for john clancy and on the right is a campaign poster for john kelly. clancy and kelly. this was an irish environment. this was an irish neighborhood. what's going on here is you're starting to see politics in which immigrants are heavily involved. the person who drew this picture or designed this picture for harper's wasn't very happy about that, and this is supposed to be a picture of what is wrong with american politics in new york city in the 1850s. for many, many immigrants, politics is one of the key ways in which they integrate themselves into american life and they do this from the get-go. and that is what's going to really make a difference in the way americans begin to conceive of their own identities and of the nation's identity as well. so that's what i want to talk about, the immigrant experience of politics in the 19th century and how that relates to and develops over time and produces by the time you get to the early 20th century a pluralist philosophy and explanation of what the unite

. >> john clancy, west point, class of '94. when you're looking at leadership, one of the things i think that we all want to know is kind of leadership styles, and my question for you is kind of how would you summarize his leadership style, and if there was kind of a one story that you would summarize that with? >> i think -- that's a really good question, and the thing with bradley is the changes over time. as a younger man, as a young officer, he -- he's very athletic. he has kind of a physical presence, and while he's a little bit -- he had denture problems. he's a little bit self-conscious about that, you know, he's able to use his physical presence in a quiet way to be a leader. a lot of -- in a lot of ways like, you know, leader -- the manager of a baseball team might, you know, kind of adjust how he goes, kind of give this one guy a pat on the back, you know, one guy a talking to, and run guy a rah, rah, rah. that's kind of his style, you know, as he goes on. obviously, as he gets older, when he's up to 30, i think he ha