john d. rockefeller came to control the oil industry. and his control, his monopoly is horizontal. o, we've got five steps. john d. rockefeller did not owned all the oil wells in america, okay? he didn't own all of the pipelines or the railroads that are going to transport that crude oil. but what he did own was that third process. rockefeller owned over 90% of the oil refineries in america. so, if you were taking crude oil out of the ground, you hit a gusher down in west texas, you're going to have to go to a standard oil refinery for it to be processed into a usable, sellable product. he owns over 90% of that horizontal level, the refineries in america. which means, then you have to do business with him. he would say, here is what the price is going to be. you would say, now, that's too high. good luck finding another refinery. oh, wait a minute, i own over 90% of them. you're going to have to do business with me, which means i can set the price as high as i want. because i have no competition. rockefeller doesn't own the railroads that will take that finished product down to sail

of course, this was also funded by john d rockefeller jr. henry hubbard stepped in to assist the national park service and rockefeller with the design. the new found gap site was selected with thomas vent and the new design created stone terraces built into the hillside that would provide outstanding views of the gap construction of the memorial began in 1939 with local labor and built of local stone and served as the setting for the dedication of the park by fdr in 1940. the national park service also consulted with the olmsted firm regarding the bureau of public roads plans for fighting creek gap road, and hubbard was appointed as consulting landscape architect to assist with the design review. and in 1951 of olmsted jr's last projects for national parks was the development of an nps policy on wilderness values in national parks that was necessitated by public concern regarding the preservation of the south appalachian oceans and smoky mountains. as you heard earlier, the olmsted brothers firm made a significant contribution to the public l

john d. rockefeller. the chance of suffering a fatal illness at a young age would be much lower. the range of foods that would be open would be much larger. the extent of entertainment options available would be much greater. the comfort of being able to live in a room whose temperature was adjusted to suit would be vastly better for that student. the ability to get to a place three or five or six or 10,000 miles away quickly would be immensely larger. the number of things about which that person could learn would be far greater. the freshness, the range of foods that would be available to eat would be substantially more. and the comfort of the available clothing would be substantially greater. and so i think it is immensely important to recognize the kind ofs progress, and while this a point that has been made by a number of others, i have rarely, if ever, seen it made as extensively and as thoughtfully, and in as many spheres, as it is made in this important body. second thing that i think is very, very important is the notion of time costs that this book passes. there's someth