but then, john frank stephenson was appointed chief engineer in 1905, and he was chief engineer for two years, until 1907. he created the basic infrastructure and the bureaucracy for the really, the work to start. but digging was slow, because he was much more interested in creating the infrastructure. and also, dealing with the disease, both malaria and yellow fever. so he worked very closely with dr. golgas. a public works program was started. garbage was collected on a regular basis. sewage, running water, and other measures to eradicate mosquitoes like spraying oil on the standing water. so the mosquito larvae would be decreased. also, he started building housing for the workers. so the first two years was basically public works and health. i have to say that basically yellow fever and malaria were eradicated and it made those efforts -- those efforts made panama city the healthiest city in latin america you could say. the largest group of workers came from the west indies, about perhaps 25,000 to 35,000. the second largest group was comprised of spanish workers. and they were almos