but it was instituted for john quincy adams did that bring of slavery because he was such an antagonist. those who sued the u.s. government for freedom you they remember the movie where anthony hopkins played john quincy adams. the actually help to win their freedom. probably the most influential american. apolitical sas state politician, diplomat, a professor, lifelong enthusiast of technology and not amateur astronomer and garner. those letters so broad so you get the point. and he is famous but there is another reason to begin a critical for early american history as a first grand strategist. with a continental hemispheric and global power. the word implicit is key because they write out the world p.o. was a grand strategy. as a historian john quincy adams is a gold mine and a human word machine. these are some of his voluminous writing rating thousands of letters over the course of his life he gave congressional speeches one was blasted for three weeks straight he wrote scholarly articles in to write letters about the bible in a separate gore addresses. this is not even half of it.

there is a great entry in the diary of john quincy adams, the great wig member of congress. he came back to the house after serving as president for a term. he is the only member to have done that. he kept a fantastic diary. at one point, he's watching the pages. he refers to them as chipping mercury's, moving about. 18-20 pages were serving. they tended to be boys from washington, d.c. they were sons of members or sons of federal officials, but a lot of times they would be orphans or children from destitute families who members of congress were looking to give a helping hand up. the pay for pages was pretty good. they were paid anywhere from $1.50 at the beginning of 1800 to $2.50 per day. at the end of congress, they could get a large bonus. it was a lucrative enterprise in the 19th century. >> one of the things that is interesting about the visual history of pages is that they are such a part of the legislative process that they do not really get noticed in terms of paintings and prints until you start seeing illustrated journals like "harpers." at some point, it is not u

but what i would look at here is that john quincy adams once said cuba is an apple if severed would naturally graph tate towards the united states. for the past 50 years they have graph tated towards russia. we are on the eve of ruble stumbling, there's an opportunity to heal u.s.-cuban relations. we now have normal relations with vietnam yet 58,000 americans died there and untold injured and hurt. so why not give this a try. you have pope francis on your side. big boom for president obama, after all one out of every four americans is a catholic. >> to that end the vatican played a fairly instrument role in all this, saying they received delegations of u.s. and cuba to the vatican last october does the endorsement of the vatican in all of this help among cubans on the island for i think 60% of them are catholic. >> yeah there are a lot of syncing going on in cuba of the religion. certainly there is a role of the catholic church in cuba that for the past 50 years has had a role in relations with the castro regime. i think it is not a surprise to many that the catholic church will be involved.

john quincy adams our president in 1825 was the one who first declared there was a need for scholarly interest to develop naval officers. we had a mission and needs statement from our president back then. it was not 20 years later it would be recognized. as anything that happens in our history, something really bad had to occur to get it going. midshipmen in the early 1800's were trained mostly on ships at sea. there were some schoolhouses in philadelphia, new york city. around that time, most teenage boys who wanted to become commissioned officers of the u.s. navy did it at sea. in 1842, a ship deployed out of the brooklyn navy yard. on board was a shipman of note named philip spencer. most people would not really know who he was. but his father and grandfather were notable. his grandfather was a politician and lawyer. his dad, john spencer, was serving as the secretary of war for president tyler. midshipman spencer was a handsome 19-year-old young man. dark hair, he had the physical ailment of a wandering eye, was known for getting into brawls. he had escaped from the island of nant

john quincy adams said we had to make a perfect copy because it was going to fade. it was almost burned in the war of 1812 in the british were invading. they t was fading, and so made a -- 200 perfect copies. copies, e called stone after the printer, mister stone. whenever you see in the "new a copy of " thedeclaration of independence, what you're seeing is a stone copy. half an, ruining further the original declaration of independence, but now we have that copy and people can see it. the declaration of independence was designed to overthrow the in a peaceful way. let me just conclude by making two points. one, i have the privilege of knowing many people who served of the united states. i worked in the white house, for one, and i have gotten to know others. i have known for years george hw bush. and i would say he is, by far, the nicest person who has ever served the united states. and that i have ever met. he is actually the nicest person i ever met, that the nicest president. he is a person who has enormous generosity for other people, enormous compassion for othe

as it was fading, john quincy adams said they had to make a perfect copy, because it had been treated poorly and was almost burned in the war of 1812 when the british were invading. so it was safely stored, but it was fading. and so they did make 200 perfect copies in 1832, called stone copies, after the printer mr. stone. now there are 35 of them left. whenever you see in "the new york times" a copy of the declaration of independence, you are seeing a stone copy, which is now here. a perfect replica, made by a process where they took a wet cloth to the original declaration of independence and took off half the ink, ruining further the original declaration of independence, but they made a perfect copy, and now we have these perfect copies so people can see it. the declaration of independence really was designed to overthrow the government. the constitution was designed to overthrow the government a peaceful way. let me conclude by making two points. one, that i have the privilege of knowing many people who served as president. i worked in the white house for one, and i worked with a n

john quincy adams never wrote about his dad. >> q and w. >> q and w. there you go. and that was part of your motivation. >> it was. david mccullough's daughter told me that her dad had always wished he had read a book by john q. about his father. i said sounds like a good idea. >> only two times in american history have both parents been there for their son's inauguration. >> correct. >> and only one time have both parents been there when they finished their presidency. >> exactly. john kennedy's mother and dad were alive when he was sworn-in. and then, yeah, basically it's a loud shoutout to how blessed i am. >> yeah. >> to be able to have your parents alive during the presidency. and of course have them thrive after the presidency. i mean, after all this is a guy who jumped out of a helicopter on his 90th birthday. >> i saw the video. >> unbelievable. >> by the way you voted yes on that. >> yeah. >> i guess the family, your mother was suspicious. >> well, the chief of staff calling around saying what do you think. i said jump. after all it had to have made him fee

obviously john adams and john quincy adams which was not a happy dynasty because john quincy adams nevert you at the head of the line. then benjamin harrison the grandson of william harrison and said i'm nobody's grandson i want to run on my own. then they had this song of his grandfather's hat was too big for his head. >> george w. bush can immediately hook into his father's money. jeb bush can immediately look into his brother and his father's money. >> to the bundlers and the groups. >> jeb's son george p. bush in texas can immediately hook into his father and his uncle and his grandfather's money. >> i agree. the one reason why george washington decided not to run again of that we were not creating a kingship and he wanted new information have a chance -- i'm thinking for him now. but it's important to have new staff, new people, new ideas. if you have those same people -- the other side is they've been through it. they have the tough times. they know what it's like to lose. they know what it's like have your private life crushed in and still willing to do it. they still have fire in

they don't want to go abroad looking for monsters to slay, an john quincy adams said. they want to protect americas interest and america to be strong and a leader in the world, and we need elected leaderred that will explain those things. as mike pointed out on terrorist surveillance programs, there's a lot of misunderstanding, not just among the american people but even among members of congress. and something about which they're passionate and deeply informed, haven't gone into the security communications facility to get the briefings. they may think the nsa is taping your cell phone calls which is not the case at all. if it takes elect leaders -- we have a lot of new ones on the way in the senate and in the house for that matter as well, to help make the case for a strong and confident america in the world and the tools our forefighters and professionals need to accomplish that. >> actually talked about this idea of war weariness. you'll hear from time to time in different places. don't have a lot to add. it's awl about leadership. deemly american tradition, from th

john quincy adams said we had to make a perfect copy because it was going to fade. it was almost burned in the war of 1812 in the british were invading. but it was fading, and so they made a -- 200 perfect copies. they are called stone copies, after the printer, mister stone. whenever you see in the "new york times" a copy of the declaration of independence, what you're seeing is a stone copy. it took half an, ruining further the original declaration of independence, but now we have that copy and people can see it. the declaration of independence was designed to overthrow the government in a peaceful way. let me just conclude by making two points. one, i have the privilege of knowing many people who served as president of the united states. i worked in the white house, for one, and i have gotten to know others. i have known for years george hw bush. and i would say he is, by far, the nicest person who has ever served the united states. and that i have ever met. he is actually the nicest person i ever met, that the nicest president. he is a person who has enormous ge

as it was fading, john quincy adams said they had to make a perfect copy, because it had been treated poorly and was almost burned in the war of 1812 when the british were invading. so it was safely stored, but it was fading. and so they did make 200 perfect copies in 1832, called stone copies, after the printer mr. stone. now, there are 35 of them left. whenever you see in "the new york times" a copy of the declaration of independence, you are seeing a stone copy, which is now here. a perfect replica, made by a process where they took a wet cloth to the original declaration of independence and took off half the ink, ruining further the original declaration of independence, but they made a perfect copy, and now we have these perfect copies so people can see it. the declaration of independence really was designed to overthrow the government. the constitution was designed to overthrow the government a peaceful way. let me conclude by making two points. one, that i have the privilege of knowing many people who served as president. i worked in the white house for one, and i worked with a

led chiefly by john quincy adams after he had left the presidency. he was the godfather of what i take as the libertarian and limitation of the constitution, the antislavery theory that eventually climaxed in the ratification of the 14th amendment. a fascinating story. and his it douglass followers thought slavery was already on const national before the 13th amendment? it is interesting. not to take a position on saying they were exactly right or wrong. i do not think there was a right answer at that point. amendment, the 14th amendment, came around, what had happened was the southerners were out of congress, the war was over, the south was laid waste by the work, and the radical republicans saw this as their to put their theory permanently into the constitution, not so much to say they were changing it, but to restore what they thought had always in the cost vision. that is to restore the principle of the primacy of individual liberty, among other things. and so the 14th amendment began, all persons born in the united states, are citizens of the un

behalf of my constituents, from sitting in statuary hall where the likes of president lincoln and john quincy adams and sitting in this hall, to meeting with the president in the white house or on air force one. i have had more than my fair share of pinch-me moments. but the essence of the service we provide is not the number of special moments interacting with the president or sitting through an historic speech. it is an honor and privilege to serve every day in working to meet the needs, the aspirations and expectations of one's constituents. we introduced legislation, we vote on bills that come before us and we undertake services that improve the quality of life of our citizens. the majority of this work is done outside of the political limelight and rarely reported on, but the real important work that all house members do every day boils down to being the strong and passionate voice for the 700,000 citizens we serve both in this hall as well as through the constituent services we provide. i have had the great fortune of having bills passed both the house and senate and be signed into law and th

smith, william t h brooks, and quincy adams gilmore were all relieved of their core commands when they demanded actions or promotions that grant was unwilling to grant them. john given almost suffered the same fate and much more tragically by the final hours of the siege. war had so drained the reservoir of good will that he had earned on little round top that neither mead nor grant would save him from the implacable wrath of philip sheridan. sheridan's practice of summarily removing generals on the field of battle was atypical. more characteristic was grant's practice of avoiding wholesale housecleanings of subordinates and instead working with or through them before they either succeeded or discredited themselves with either their ineptitude or overweening ambition. lee's command style was similar. earlier in the war to be sure, he had cleansed the army of northern virginia of senior subordinates who had not measured up. by the time petersburg was besieged, however, the terrible attrition of general officers reduced him to working with and through those who remained. by then, the great stonewall jackson and jeb stewart were dead, and james long street had be

smith, william brooks, and quincy adams gilmore were all relieved of their core commands when they demanded actions or promotions that grant was unwilling to grant them. john given almost suffered the same fate and much more tragically by the final hours of the siege war had so drained the reservoir of good will that he had earned on little roundtop, that neither meade nor grant would save him from the imblackable wrath of phil sheridan. sheridan's practice of summarily relieving generals on the field of battle was atypical of the siege of petersburg and of command style in the civil war. more characteristic was grant's practice of avoiding wholesale house cleanings of subordinates and instead working with and through them until they either succeeded or else discredited themselves with their ineptitude and ambition. lee's command style was similar. earlier in the war to be sure, he had cleanseed the army of northern virginia of the senior subordinates who had not measured up. the terrible attrition of general officers reduced him to working with and through those who remained. by then, the great stonewall jackson and jeb stewart were dead. and james longst

brooks, and quincy adams gilmore were all relieved of their core commands when they demanded actions or promotions that grant was unwilling to grant them. johnr of good will that cf9e he kp>tqp)ned on little t!2ykpá neither meade norp0ró$rant would save him from the implackable wrath of phil sheridan. sheridan's practice of summarily relieving generals on the field of battle was atypical of the ajf1t#oisñ siege of petersburg and of zjxnio command style in the civil war. more characteristic was grant's practice of avoiding wholesale house cleanings of subordinates, and instead working with and through them until they either succeeded or else discredited themselves with their ineptitudeqqáuç and ambition. lee's command style was similar. earlier in the war to be sure, he had cleanseed the army of northern virginia of the senior 6e subordinates who had not measured up. the terrible attrition of general officers reduced him to lw working with and through those who remained. by then, the great stonewall :cúçf.ñpv÷ jackson and jeb stewart were 7 dead. and james longstreet had been s5ó severely wounded at the wilderness. the best of lee's subordina

with john and john quincy adams they have a way with their popularity. that has no longer a national politician as a congressman he doesn't have to make excuses and not good at consensus building but he doesn't have to. . . >> right now encore booknotes. he in "the stevensons" jean baker traces former u.s. senator from illinois adlai stevenson the third family history. ms. baker describes the family