. >> john seabrook is the author of "the song machine," which describes how hit songs are written today hit song? >> it clearly has something to do with reputation, because the brin loves patterns that it can recognize. ♪ i stay out to late >> a perfect example is the taylor swift song "shake it off," and not just in the catchy chorus. ♪ shake it off shake it off ♪ >> but this is the real genius of a pop song, is to make something that's simple enough to be kind of repetitive but doesn't get boring after it's been repeated 200 or 300 times. and that's very, very hard. ♪ help i need somebody ♪ help not just anybody ♪ >> no matter the era, the ingredients for a hit song have all the been melody, rhythm, harmony, and lyrics. but today the way songs are written is almost unrecognizable. it's not even called songwriting anymore. it's called production. >> it used to be writing a song back in the 1906s where you sit at a piano and pull out a pad and you write a song. well, production is that now. you pull out a laptop, you have a keyboard, and you produce a track. >> when you say "track"? >>