in moscow this is our team international and john thomas certainly glad to have you with us. first let's start with fresh doubts being cast over the credibility of the international chemical weapons watchdog the o.p.c. w. as more leaked emails published by wiki leaks reveal concerns from yet another member of the team which probed an alleged attack in the syrian city of duma last year he says the final report into the incident misrepresents their findings. the fact finding mission report does not reflect the views of all the team members that deployed to doom or only one fact finding mission team member a paramedic of the so-called fact finding mission core team was in duma we are not insisting on being right in our assertions but we are demanding to be heard we have been stonewalled throughout by obfuscation exclusion and even thuggish and bullying behavior. the alleged chemical attack in early april last year reportedly killed dozens of civilians the united states and its nato allies france and the u.k. were quick to conduct air strikes against syrian military targets over

john thomas joins us to break down the biggest political losers of 2019. good morning.t festive segment but let's dive right in. i see that you have all of the 2020 democratic nominees on the naughty list. >> there is a loser list because they are going to pop into 2020 having shifted so hard to the left that they may not be able to triangulate back to the center whoever the nominee is to make a compelling argument to the swing voters. that on top of it, looking at these economic numbers coming out, the biggest shopping year of all time, record unemployment, a difficult argument for democrats to make. shannon: a woman who wields a lot of power in washington said something pretty surprising about the articles of impeachment. >> next thing for us will be when we see the process set forth in the senate. not prepared to put the managers because we don't know the arena that we are in. frankly i don't care what republicans say. >> why is the house speaker one of the biggest political losers of the year? >> first nancy says we have to rush the vote, it is so urgent to remove t

its initial flirtation with those strengths and states of emergency that sinks into chaos coach john thomas against business and chance the people the friends the older model cars and. the start of an era that defines our modest. 1970 to be committed to a small dose december 23rd. make or break in the bundesliga clubs fighting it out at the top in the middle and the bottom with just 2 games left before the meet season break match day 16 as everything a football fan could possibly want. league leaders like they got just days away from being top of the table at christmas for the very 1st time in their 4 year top flight history if it's a do it's just the small matter of any cost. and the excitement continued into these 3 other matches one of those braman take on might 2 sides who are trying to stick clear from any relegation trouble. welcome to this very special midweek edition of the bundesliga here on the w m the mechanic line leipzig off the bundesliga throne on match day 15 and now the bulls have a very good chance of finishing the year at the top of the table in his 1st season at the club

all right broadcasting live direct from our studios in moscow this is art international i'm john thomas certainly glad to have you with us. all right there are renewed concerns in the u.k. over the state of the national health service after a woman died in the hospital of cardiac arrest following what her family says was a 6 hour wait for an ambulance having broken her foot outside her home in south wales gilby was left lying on a freezing sidewalk until help arrived the ambulance service has apologized for the long delay but also emphasized that the n.h.s. is under enormous strain. we are sorry that our response took longer than we would have liked on this occasion lengthy waits for an ambulance or a sign of pressures across the whole unscheduled care system not just in wales but across the u.k. . what is shadi edwards does she takes a closer look now at the tragedy and the challenges faced by young ages. well we're hearing story upon story of the state of the n.h.s. and the crisis within it but this one really has shocked the nation after a woman died after waiting for 6 hours for an

initial flirtation but those are the strengths and states of emergency britain sinks into chaos coach john thomas against business movement and shams the people of france the old order her. hand washing cars suspended. the start of an era that defines our match today 979 the big move to today's most serious december 23rd double. dutch. gridlock at the u.n. climate conference the final talks are now pushed into overtime leaders can't agree on funding or international. activists are demanding concrete and immediate action to protect their future also coming up. britain. a divided country after his conservatives sealed a landslide victory in the country's general election but many are not convinced protesters take to the streets to voice their discontent.

international i'm john thomas certainly glad to have you with us boris johnson's conservative party is celebrating a historic victory in thursday's it general election the prime minister says it gives him a powerful mandate to deliver brags that the action delivered the worst result for the labor party since the 1930 s. here's how the party leaders reacted to historic day in westminster. proud to say that members of our new one nation government a people's government will sit tight from constituencies that have never returned a conservative m.p. for 100 years and yes they will have a ruling mandate from this election to get done and we will honor that mandate by general the 31st will not lead the party in any future general election campaign i will discuss with our party to ensure there is a process now of reflection on this result and on the policies that the party will take going forward while the conservatives are celebrating winning there are just majority since 1987 hundreds of people have turned out for so-called stop bourse protests some demonstrators were seen clashing with pol

international i'm john thomas and certainly glad to have you with us. this week to russia was barred from all major sporting events for the next 4 years the world anti-doping agency says the country is being punished for tampering with a key database of athletes test results. this is a fine against russia that protects the rights of russian seats but the reentry for make sure isn't. able to demonstrate that they are not in. any we. complied what is important thing today's decision is that we are really sanctioning those for responsible for this menu pollution. and leave those open for those who had nothing to do with with the pings coming in russia clean. innocent outlets it's being able to our experts have provided convincing on says unfortunately they haven't heard us responded to has time to appeal initially when we handed over the database we said let's investigate the database together so that we can make a full decision we wanted to have a kind of mechanism if we don't want an objective decision let's do it like this with saddam has all the necess

making its initial flirtation with those strengths and states of emergency sinks into chaos coach john thomas are going to split the chance of the people from steel door the. ultimate carson was the start of an era that defined so much to. 970 the big media today has moved since december 23rd. this is the doppler news a. coming up the disaster that never ends 5 years ago in india. but since then survivors have after. speaking to some struggled. pushing for respect one in 6 people in a short lived with a disability and the discrimination.

international i'm john thomas certainly glad to have you with us and dozens of people convicted of terror offenses in the u.k. who were released early are said to have their cases reviewed as according to prime minister boyce johnson this comes after it was revealed friday friday's london bridge attacker had himself been released early. or in the same he was out and there was no in this it was nothing to do with perot there was nothing to do with probation it's how many legal the same is legally there if. this is really become a talking point over the weekend since that on friday on london. bridge towards the side where the city of london financial district is now of course the person involved. was somebody who had already been found guilty of involvement in a plot to blow up the london stock exchange but then was released as part of a scheme and there were attempts to try to rehabilitate him and put him back into society if you will that it was actually one of those offense which were organized for not just him as a convicted terrorist but other acts offenders to attend and it was that o

are broadcasting live direct from studios in moscow this is r t international and john thomas glad to have you with us let's go back to our top story at the beginning of the year are going to begin to be a beginning of a newscast actually about the shooting at a u.s. naval air station in pensacola florida it's left 3 victims dead authorities say that a national from saudi arabia is responsible to discuss this further live let's talk to the foreign policy executive director erika sperling thanks for being with us here on our team international. ok so. a lot of talk i mean it's early in the investigation we know the f.b.i. has taken the lead and there's speculation as to whether or not this is terrorism or if it's just some lone wolf factor but florida congressman matt gates who is a position of authority supposedly he has said on twitter that he's not sure that it is simple murder he's actually going as far as actually declaring it terrorism and we have a tweet from him showing on the screen right now what is your impression at this point. my understanding is they're saying it's still

broadcasting live from our studios most of this is r t international and john thomas really glad that it's. a u.n. officials and the rights groups have denounced saudi arabia's handling of the jamal khashoggi murder case saying it makes a mockery of justice 5 people have been sentenced to death for killing the journalist and 3 others have been given prison terms but a un appointed rights investigator believes the people actually behind the assassination have been left untouched while a union spokesperson for the un secretary general has also stressed the need for a further probe. the secretary general continues to stress the need for an independent and impartial investigation into the murder to ensure full examination of any accountability for human rights violations committed in the case jamal khashoggi was last seen entering the saudi consulate in istanbul in turkey in october 2018 where he was murdered and the un report said his death was almost certainly a state planned execution but the saudis insist it was the result of a rogue operation artie's kill mop and has more in the case

john thomas against displacement and shams the people threaten steel told her. mom want to close a bank of people it's the start of an era that defines overmanaged today 979 of the big committed today's most states december 23rd double fund. such. a. claim. this is day double the news live from berlin. russian diplomats. this was the victim a former chechen rebel commander gums down in broad daylight in the german part german prosecutors suspect kitchen state involvement russia will retaliate also coming up. fresh ammunition for u.s. democrats in their drive to impeach president trump legal scholars tell us that trump committed impeachable offenses by pressuring the french president.

diplomat jim generous and number of germany's the left party john thomas ollie believe america's approach is souring relations with europe when they say oh this will cover in ukraine out of the transit they will they will get less money but really think they care about ukraine they will carry by ukraine a lot and the only reason they would be concerned about rue you brain being cut out of any trance it seems is that if that would be make it more difficult to put pressure on russia by having a puppet ukrainian hand on the longest speak it with regard to europe's a gash you know that is no longer the case and all we're really talking about is ukraine being included in a more cooperative relationship between europe and russia that's the worst possible outcome from the point of view of people in washington damage to the german american relations is down and. the idea that america is consciously imposing extra charity extraterritorial sanctions to the german economy to hurt the german consumers is now firmly implanted into germany's minds from the left to the right that is absolutely outraged

are broadcasting live direct from our studios in moscow this is our team international and john thomas certainly glad to have you with us our exit polls from the u.k. general election are predicting a landslide victory for the conservative party the vote count is currently underway and if the projections are correct boris johnson has won a new term as prime minister and a quick look at the numbers there are 650 seats in the house of commons so a party needs 326 to hold a majority and if the exit polls are accurate the conservatives will be well clear of that number with 368 seats for more on this we can now cross live to our tailor who is in london with following this for us thanks so it looks like a good night for the tories at the very least what more can you tell us. well this is being billed as the annexation of a generation and if you could look at today scenes up and down the country that seems to support it because in the u.k. people wind rain or shine with standing in the longest of queues some even waited up to 45 minutes just to cost the vote. this morning bright and early wa

will be here in about 30 minutes with a fresh look at your news this is hearty international i'm john thomas glad to have had you with us. join me every thursday on the alex salmond show and i'll be speaking to guest on the world of politics small business i'm show business i'll see you that. was the night before christmas and all over the world people are mining back on seeking individual sovereignty so they're probably just when you think. it's. i'm action or times you welcome to going underground we will be back with a brand new seasons arriving on january the 8th but until then we will be showing some of your favorite shows from the last season of the decade coming up in this show are israel and the usa we're states when it comes to into.

are broadcasting live from our studios in moscow this is our team international and john thomas certainly. and democrats on the u.s. house intelligence committee have published their report detailing how president trump allegedly abused his office for personal gain and solicited interference from ukraine in the 2020 election the release of the 300 page document which is based on testimony given in a series of closed door and public hearings marks the start of a new phase in the impeachment. assess how he's come up and has been taking a look. while the report from the house intelligence committee democrats essentially alleges 2 things about donald trump 1st it alleges that he conditioned military aid to ukraine on an announcement that would have been beneficial to his reelection campaign and secondly it alleges that he obstructed the house of representatives impeachment inquiry investigation now adam schiff representing democrats came forward and painted a pretty grim pricks here donald trump and his activities this is adam schiff this report chronicles a scheme by the president i'd states

broadcasting live from our studios in moscow this is r t international and john thomas really glad to have you with us. or u.n. officials and the rights groups have denounced saudi arabia's handling of the.

it seems an odd thing to way but john adams lived more like a republican than thomas jefferson and john quincy adams was a better democrat than andrew jackson. wrap your mind around that one. democracy is proclaimed more than it is practiced. on the basis of the comprehensive studieshe of his history. john adams was a disciple of the enlightenment as much as jefferson. at the heart of the revolutionary movement was the impulse to unmask the superstition like the divine right of kings and cultivate independent thought. this is why he identified the danger of the personality. it is when the personality of the leader is equated with the nation the soul of the body politic. adams watched the called up close and personal first when he ucs f in france. franklin seduced the educated elite as the first rock star. adams understood the desire among human beings to be seen and loved. he zoomed in on the force of spectatorship. then there was the opposite, the fear of obscurity, of insignificance. long beforlong before andy warhw every american wants 15 minutes of fame, adams placed the danger epic

with expert insight is john thomas. thank you for joining us, we appreciate it.pole we were just mentioning, donald trump leading all the top democratic candidates in the state of michigan. what is your take on this? >> this is pretty significant for a couple reasons. the president has endured a consistent unprecedented level of attack, negative campaigning through impeachment or just the mainstream media beating up on this president. for him to be beating each of these candidates and head to 5-step scenarios at this point i should be -- encouraging to republicans and donald trump but more than just encouraging because the way we look at it, democrats so far, each potential candidate hasn't made it to general election to endorse negative campaigning from donald trump, democrats running should be at their strongest, most likable today. as soon as whoever is the democratic nominee donald trump will tear the bark off of them by highlighting policies and consequences. heather: these polls have changed significantly in favor of donald trump. one of the issues that has

we are following it closely with mike murphy, jessica tarlov and john thomas. nding with you, beginning with you, that it's really the impeachment stuffs is a non-event because they think it will go no further than the house, then you know, given the makeup of the senate, it's done. so that's not rattling. is this a wise course for them to go? >> for the democrats to continue to move down for impeachment? look, we are seeing today that mitch mcconnell is signaling that he has the votes not just to move on but actually vote on an acquittal for the president because he wants to give the president that narrative. not just that he wasn't removed but that he was exonerated. that he was vindicated against this witch hunt. neil: are you annoyed mitch mcconnell by the same token is going to push off any action on usmca until this? that's the one thing they said nancy pelosi was dragging her feet. >> i actually am. this is something that republicans have been begging to pass for some time, and then when you finally had nancy pelosi break and say she'll vote for something

joining me now to discuss this is republican strategist john thomas and democratic strategist howard gentlemen. >> good morning. tracee: john, i want to get to you. after we get into the new year, we'll be one month from the iowa caucus. who has the momentum? is it still going to be joe biden. >> it is do or die time at this point. in fact, biden will have a slight advantage in the home stretch going to iowa, simply because the members who are members of the u.s. senate have to be jurors for the impeachment trial in the senate. so that will take them away from the campaign trail. if biden can somehow make a comeback and win iowa, which he's not likely at this point, he's in third or fourth position, if he can win iowa, it's biden's nomination. tracee: do you see any democratic candidate dropping out before iowa? >> i don't see anyone dropping out before iowa. i think we're in a traditional primary contest. thiowa and new hampshire, they have a sustainable advantage. mayor bloomberg has built an impressive organization in a few weeks. other candidates are planning to stay in well past

his father was wholeheartedly behind him in making that political shift and john adams forgave thomasjefferson and they have a beautiful, more than one decade of post- presidential correspondence and madison deeply respected john quincy adams. so, there is no simple answer and their ideas and their opinions in the personal hatreds change over time and we see that a lot that -- >> i wanted to add one other thing. we want don't want to sugarcoat john adams either. he rubbed people the wrong way at times and we include that in our book. one of the things that is important for understanding the founding generation and the generation of john quincy adams is to get the full picture but these are human beings and there are elements to their personality that, you know, we today might have trouble with and they are not always perfect and say the wrong things so i think the key thing is that part of the reason his ideas get distorted is again for party advantages. as you know, this is -- when you look at politics today or think about people who are nominated to the supreme court, unless they ha

john, st. thomas, and st. croix neither outcome would lead to freedom. the enslaved people on the island and the rest of the danish west indies would ultimately wait another 104 years for a next rebellion for their freedom to come. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the chair recognizes the gentleman from pennsylvania, mr. hompson, for five minutes. mr. thompson: thank you, mr. speaker. mr. speaker, recently i had the pleasure of traveling back to pennsylvania's 15th congressional district to celebrate the careers of three dedicated public servants in centre county. last month centre county treasurer and the controller served their last day at the center counttry courthouse and began their much deserved retirements. rick began his term as treasurer in january of 2000. has worked diligently over the past two decades overseeing every penny received and disbursed by centre county, including hunting permits and fishing licenses, as well as overseeing bids for county contracts. chuck has spent 15 years in public service in center cort county having worked

john thomas, some great analysis. thanks for come in. >> thanks.e hello benefits of some beer and liquor. you heard that right. we have our resident doctor, dr. nicole saphier, she will brac down fact from fiction. can you drink and get health benefit? that's next. ♪. there's a company that's talked to even more real people than me: jd power. 448,134 to be exact. they answered 410 questions in 8 categories about vehicle quality. and when they were done, chevy earned more j.d. power quality awards across cars, trucks and suvs than any other brand over the last four years. so on behalf of chevrolet, i want to say "thank you, real people." you're welcome. we're gonna need a bigger room. (danny)'s voice) of course you don'te because you didn't!? your job isn't doing hard work... ...it's making them do hard work... ...and getting paid for it. (vo) snap and sort your expenses to save over $4,600 at tax time. quickbooks. backing you. ♪. pete: it sounds almost too good to be true. ed: as americans get ready to toast the christmas season new studies reveali

. >> let me turn it on you, of the ones in your book, john adams, thomas jefferson, alexander hamilton luther king jr., lyndon johnson, who of those? >> maybe the greatest american president, maybe the greatest of all, american lincoln. he kept the country together. many people said south, go away, go away. i'm not going to go to the civil war to keep the country together. i think having dinner with him would be quite a treat. >> when you look at our country now. and it's obviously very divided. and then you look back at these conversations you've had with historians, what do you tell people at home. we're resilient. we get through rough stuff. this is a split time. >> we talked about the 250th anniversary of our country's founding coming up in 2026. we've had our problems for sure. nothing we're going through now is comparable to the civil war. in the civil war, we lost 3% of our population. today there will be equivalent of 9 million or 10 million. we had people killing each other that are fellow citizens. that's not quite what we're going through. we have a political dispute in wash

. >> thomas jefferson -- john adams once wrote to thomas jefferson on december 6, 1787, and stated "you are apprehensive of foreign interference entry, influence. so am i. but as often as elections happen, the danger of foreign influence recurs." professor karlan, how important was the concept of free and fair elections to the framers of the constitution? >> honestly it was less important to them than it's become than our constitution since then if you remember the thing, one of the things that turned me into a lawyer was saint barbara jordan, first female lawyer i'd ever seen in practice saying that we the peoe didn't include people like her h process of amendment, we have done that and so elections are more important to us today is a constitutional matter than they were even to the framers. >> is it fair to say and election cannot be reasonably characterized as free and fair if it's manipulative i foreign interference? >> that's correct. >> the framers were generally and deeply concerned with the threat of foreign interference, true? >> yes. >> why were they so deeply concerned? >> be

>> thomas is present in all four gospels, but it's in jerusalem, after jesus has been crucified, in the gospel of john, that his story comes into focus. >> it's difficult to understand the trauma of the disciples at the arrest and eventual crucifixion of jesus. we get the sense that they believed this movement was over. >> thomas misses the defining event of christian faith. >> he's not there on easter sunday night when jesus first appears to the ten. he misses out on jesus saying, "receive the holy spirit." it strongly suggests that he'd not only abandoned hope in jesus, he'd abandoned the other disciples as well. >> where were you? >> away -- i went away. >> thomas, so little faith. >> it's over. >> perhaps he felt that now that jesus was dead, the group should fragment and break up. perhaps he decided to grieve privately. >> we have seen him. he was here in this room. >> no. >> we have seen him with our own eyes. >> and i saw him, crucified, dead and buried. >> it was hard for him to believe that something good could've come from the terrible crucifixion. >> unless i see in his hands the print of t

he's got away with this for decades and i guess the truth will now come out the truth in st thomas and st john is that epstein is not well liked with many we talked to saying they were uncomfortable with how he flaunted his wealth reportedly paid employees to stay silent and seemingly scoffed at the law abstain apparently had plans to expand his home on little st james and construct employee buildings on great st james which would also be used for equipment storage we were told that epstein was possibly being fined upwards of $15000.00 a day for building without permits on great st james there is a noticeable difference between the island's great st james which is mostly on developed and little st james with its roads hell it had buildings statues even if a cow grazing on the manicured grass i didn't see any no trespassing signs on little st james but i was hesitant to go on the island nonetheless to try to talk to employees so i took a swim to get a closer look of the island and then decided to walk up the dock without going any further hoping someone would hear me as i announced my presence

now, in many ways, as john adams argued, in a letter that he wrote to thomas jefferson in 1815, the real american revolution was not about the war. in 1815 adams wrote, quote, what do we mean by the revolution? the war? that was no part of the revolution. it was only an effect and consequence of it. the revolution was in the minds of the people. and this was effected from 1760 to 1775 in the course of 15 years before a drop of blood was shed at lexington. now, think about that. adams is arguing that the real american revolution was not military, it was not constitutional, it was not political, it was not economic. the real, the deepest cause where we'll find the true meaning of the revolution was in this transformation that took place in the minds of the american people. and then in 1782, thomas paine in a letter that he wrote to the abernalt of france, said this about the period leading up to the american revolution, quote, our style and manner of thinking have undergone a revolution. more extraordinary than the political revolution of the country. we see with other eyes. we hear with o

on that day, both john adams and thomas jefferson died, famously, which people took to be some sort of message, a divine message. it also suggested a passing of the guard moment. people felt a great deal of anxiety. the founders had been there and seen the revolution, had engineered this new political system, then had shepherded the country through, for a period of time. this was a moment were a new generation was going to have to -- if the nation was to survive, a new generation was going to have to take on the challenge. it was a moment when increasingly the crisis over slavery was heating up after 1820. the obstacles to that continuity were felt very acutely. susan: it was during that time, marquis de lafayette made a triumphal tour of america. how widely was covered in the american press? what did it mean to people? prof. jackson: it was the event. he was called the nation's guest. everywhere he went, the entire town closed down business and turned out. there were massive parades. he was welcomed in all the states. people were weeping openly. they were throwing flowers from every w

she loved john adams and i loved thomas jefferson. debates weof the would have about jefferson and adams. she gave me my love for politics. steve: how so? mr. walsh: she was a historian. -- nineaised seven kids kids, the longest image i will have of my mom, and maybe it was like this for you, my mom was the last to go to bed and first to get up. is my mom atmy mom 1:00 in the morning after she mom with as, my book, oftentimes with a cigarette, in a room, reading until 2:00 or 3:00 in the morning. she read, she ate up american history. it settled down to me because american history is my greatest love. steve: why did you decide to enter politics? i wanted -- i have always been fairly libertarian and free-market-oriented. i have a word since i was a young man that we have moved away from the country our founding fathers gave us, we moved toward a country where we asked government to do too much and government has gotten too big. this was 30 years ago. look where we are today. i wanted to get involved in politics to remind americans of w

. >> thomas jefferson once wrote, john adams once wrote to thomas jefferson on december 6th, 1787 and stated you are apprehensive of foreign interference. intrigue, influence, so am i. but as often as elections happen the danger of foreign influence recurs. professor karlan, how important was the concept of free and fair elections to the framers of the constitution? >> honestly, it was less important to them than it's become in our constitution since then. and if you'll remember the thing that one of the things that turned me into a lawyer was seeing barbara jordan who was the first female lawyer i had ever seen in practice say on the committee that we the people didn't include people like her in 1789 but through a process of amendment we have done that. and so elections are more important to us today as a constitutional matter than they were even to the framers. >> and is it fair to say that an election cannot be reasonably characterized as free and fair if it's manipulated by foreign interference? >> that's correct. >> and if framers of the constitution would generally and deeply co

lovedft john adams -- john adams, and i loved thomas jefferson. i miss the debates we would have about jefferson and adams. she gave her my love for politics. steve: how so? mr. walsh: she was a historian through and through. my mom, who raised nine kids, seven boys, the longest lasting image i will always have of my mom, and maybe it was this way my mom waseve, always a less to go to bed and the first one to get up. my image of my mom is always at 11:00, for midnight, -- or midnight or 1:00 a.m. after she had cared for us all day, my mom, with a book, often times with a cigarette, in her room, reading a book until 2:00 or 3:00 a.m. read, shend read and ate up american history, which settled down to me, because american history is my greatest love. steve: why did you decide to enter politics both in illinois and at the federal level as a member of congress? mr. walsh: you know what? have always been fairly libertarian and free-market oriented. i worried even since i was a young man that we have moved away from the country are funding fathers gave

she loved john adams and i love thomas jefferson and i genuinely miss all of the debates that we have about jefferson and adams but she gave me my love forpolitics . >> she was a historian through and through. my mom who raised nine kids, seven boys, the longest lasting image i'll always have of my mom and maybe the comic was the story for you. my mom was always the last go to bed and the first one to get up. and my image of my mom is always at 11:00 or midnight or one in the morning after she had cared for nine of us all day and then been there for my dad, my mom with a book often times with a cigarette in her room reading a book until two or three in the morning. she read and read and read. she ate american history which settled down to me because american history is my greatest love. >> why did you decide to enter politics in illinoisand at the federal level as a member of congress ? >> i wanted to, i've always been fairly libertarian and free-market oriented. and i've worried even since i was a young man that we've moved away from the country of our founding fathers gave us. that